Kuyini i-nicotine? Physical futhi amakhemikhali izakhiwo. I-nicotine ugwayi, imiphumela ye-nicotine emzimbeni

Ukubhema usikilidi - elibi kakhulu futhi phakathi kwezinhlobo zokulutheka ezinzima kunazo zonke. Iqiniso ukuthi i-nicotine nokuthi yilokhu umphumela wawo umzimba, ngisho wesikole uyazi. Le into, okuyinto iya isandla ugwayi esibangela ukuba umlutha zonke ababhemayo. Kulimaza nomzimba futhi ungcolisa umgudu wokuphefumula kanye kwegazi, kungadala izifo ezingathi sína kwababhemayo. Kodwa manje siphakamisa ukucabangela lokho e-nicotine umongo ebanzi, sithembele hhayi kuphela izincomo Ministry of Health, kodwa futhi ku ngezithako zawo zamakhemikhali, kanye nokusabalalisa indaba.

umsuka

Igama elithi "i-nicotine" yavela kuyi ekuqaleni kweNkathi Ephakathi, lapho ingxenye enkulu yeYurophu wayesalokhu ngenkuthalo esetshenziswa Latin enkulumweni yansuku zonke. Umusho Nicotiana tabacum izakhamuzi Portugal ngokuthi amaqabunga ugwayi, njengoba usosayensi ngegama Zhan Niko kubhekwe kubo yokukhalaza ikhanda. Nguye, ngasendleleni, waletha isitshalo baya eFrance, lapho eqala ngenkuthalo ukuhlola impahla yayo. Ngenxa yokusebenza ngesikhathi sako, alchemy uhlelo ugwayi ziphuzo zazihluzwa, okwaphuma lapho kuyilo ngalokho baba-nicotine okumsulwa. Liquid umthunzi brown kokuba isakhiwo oily, asetshenziswa kabanzi kakhulu imithi. Ngosizo lwawo uswidi isifuba somoya, imikhuhlane, eczema, ngisho isithuthwane. Kamuva izazi XVIII futhi XIX eminyaka bakwazi ukuletha i-nicotine nokusebenzisa imisebenzi ethile zamakhemikhali.

amakhemikhali ukwakheka

Okokuqala nje, ake sizwe ukuthi yini le-nicotine kusuka Ngokombono ongokwesayensi, lokho izakhi abayingxenye yayo futhi imikhiqizo sekupheleni okuhlanganisa yena. Ngakho, ketshezi kungokwalabo esigabeni ka alkaloids, wanika izakhiwo alikhali ibuthakathaka. Liphinde waphawula okhushuliwe nitrogen nokuqukethwe. i-nicotine-molecule Ubuningi bamahora bagxila amahlamvu ugwayi kanye neziqu, kodwa izinto eziningi ezincane ekhona Shag, utamatisi, amazambane kanye green pepper. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-nicotine biosynthesis inqubo kuphakamisa kumiswa ezinobuthi ukuthi zinobuthi ezinambuzaneni. Kumuntu lezi ubuthi futhi kubangele umonakalo, kodwa ukufa, ngokuvamile kungenzeka nje kuphela ngemva ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile nicotine.

Kwenzekani lapho umuntu ebhema?

I-nicotine libhekene olwenzeka okusheshayo kuzo zonke ezicutshini zomzimba. Uma emlonyeni, ke lingena emaphashini futhi ugxile cishe zonke izindonga nemisipha, lapho sihamba. Kudlulwa emaphashini, wona esehlela esiswini, izinhlayiya futhi zingene igazi futhi ubonise ngokusebenzisa kusuka ngaphakathi kuya ebusweni isikhumba. Kubalulekile ukusho ukuthi i-kokuqina kwanele nicotine safinyelela ebuchosheni, lapho kuba nabo izinzwa main futhi okwesikhashana amabhlogo ukuphila ngokuphelele. Ngokuphelele kusukela umzimba yalolu ketshezi iza kuphela emva kwezinsuku 1.5-2.

Effect nicotine emzimbeni

Ingqikithi yalo umphumela walesi substrate kuyinto umphumela wawo emsipheni, ezibizwa ngokuthi synapse. Umsebenzi wabo kancane buthakathaka, okuholela zimpawu ezilandelayo zenzeka:

• Ophilisayo kwenhliziyo.
• iphesenti ekhulile yemiphumela ukukhiqizwa adrenalin.
• Glucose adluliselwe ku igazi kusukela kwesibindi.
• yokucindezeleka okwandayo njengoba imithambo yegazi ayisesemikhulu.
• Ebuchosheni, kukhona ukukhululwa kwe balamuli ukuthi kumkhathaze ngokuyenga umphumela.

Ngamanye amazwi, lokho kungase kube zavela okungukuthi i-nicotine. Lena izidakamizwa izinto ezizokhuthaza ukukhiqizwa umzimba ukuba kwama-hormone athile, futhi sithinta neurotransmitters Dopamine, okuyinto ukusebenza ebuchosheni, kanjalo okubangela isifiso obhemayo ukuze azame kaningi. Labo ngibhema isikhathi eside wazi ukuthi kufanele prodezhatsya ngezinsuku ezimbalwa, futhi umzimba ngokwawo onganqoba lokhu kwencika, ngoba ubuthi ke kuphumile. Kodwa abantu ababhemayo isikhathi eside kakhulu, uqaphele ukuthi i-nicotine ugwayi kubenza hhayi kuphela bokuphila, kodwa futhi kwencika ngokomqondo, nokwagcina akulula ukuqeda.

ukudakwa

I-nicotine - into kuyinto anobuthi kakhulu. Njengoba isibonelo, cabanga intsha, abaningi babo uqale ukubhema. Uma umzimba abasha uya lemali nicotine eziqukethwe isigamu iphakethe likagwayi amahora 2-3, umuntu uyowela equlekile ngenxa ukukhubazeka umgudu wokuphefumula futhi kwegazi. Yiqiniso, ukuthi singakanani-nicotine kudle abadala ababhemayo, kungabangela sebefile, kodwa kungaba nomthelela emdlavuzeni kwezitho zomzimba ezahlukene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, zibuthuntu isimiso sezinzwa, amangqamuzana abakwazi ukudlula yonke kolwazi ebuchosheni. Umphumela obonakalayo lokhu kungase kube ekuthuntubezekeni kokuqapha ubuhlungu, engasenamahloni ukusabela, ukuntuleka injabulo, kanye nezinye izifo eziningi engqondo.

Kuyini i-nicotine ubuthi?

Kusukela lesi simanga kungukuthi oVikelwe ngisho elitheni ababhemayo. Ubuthi emzimbeni wakho, ngokwanele ukuba idlule umthamo evamile ngaye, futhi i-nicotine uzozingenisa play zonke ubuthi babo. Yiziphi izimpawu sangaphandle ushevu ugwayi?

• Arrhythmia.
• Overexcitement, noma, Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lingenandaba nathi.
• Pallor.
• Ukujuluka ubanda Ukugodola.
• angaboni kahle, enkeneneza ezindlebeni nesiyezi.
• Ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo noma ukuhlanza.
• Isifo sohudo.
• Ukuvuza amathe.
• ubuthakathaka Jikelele.
• Ngibanjwe.
• Ukuphelelwa ngumoya.

Esimeni izimpawu ezinjalo ngemva ukubhema kufanele ngokushesha ufune usizo lwabezokwelapha. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izigameko ezifana nalezi awavamile benganakwa muntu. Laba bantu kamuva ukuthuthukisa tachycardia, isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi, okwandisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo, kukhona kolwelwesi noma isilonda noma eziwohlokayo ngokuphelele umsebenzi inhliziyo.

I-nicotine, zikhona izinzuzo

Akwaziwa saga yezokwelapha ithi, "Zonke - konke ushevu - imithi; kokubili inquma umthamo. " Siye sathola ukuthi le alchemy basendulo babesebenzisa le-nicotine njengoba ukuphulukiswa jikelele ukuxazulula lokho futhi baduduze futhi ukuphulukiswa. Kungakhathaliseki ketshezi isetshenziswa kwezokwelapha namuhla? Okuxakayo nje yebo. Ngemithamo emincane kakhulu nicotine esetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo elandelayo:

• Alzheimer.
• Parkinson.
• Amashingili.
• ukungakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo kahle.
• ethunjini.

Futhi, abacwaningi yesimanje amatasa ekutadisheni izakhiwo ezifihliwe le ngxenye. Kungenzeka ukuthi esikhathini esizayo esiseduze kuyoba khona amaphilisi amaningi kanye potions ukuthi kuyosisiza ukuba sibhekane ngokuphumelelayo ezihlukahlukene izifo ezingathi sína.

osikilidi Electronic: kuyini?

Muva nje, phakathi ukukhuthazwa yokuphila enempilo fashion kuhlanganisa ugwayi okuthiwa ngaphandle nicotine, okuyinto idivayisi electronic elikuvumela ukuba belingisa ukubhema ejwayelekile. Le divayisi siqukethe kwebhetri futhi uketshezi ekhethekile, okuyinto encela futhi likhulula obhemayo njengoba intuthu. Ekuqaleni, ugwayi elekthronikhi wathela uketshezi olune-nicotine analogs okusolwa ukuthi akazange abe nethonya elibi umzimba. Nokho, kwathi ukwakheka amakhemikhali yamathebhu akuzange wathola imvume edingekayo futhi hhayi eqinisekisiwe.

Ingabe ugwayi elekthronikhi ukuyeka ukubhema?

Ngemva umuntu oye wachitha e ugwayi kwencika iminyaka eminingi yokuphila kwakhe, ukumisa ngokushesha ukusetshenziswa ingxenye kungaba ukushaqeka emzimbeni kokubili physiologically nangokwengqondo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, thina kakade owaziwa abakhiqizi electronic ugwayi udale i-nicotine esikhethekile ugwayi electronic, okuyinto, bexabana, kubangela umonakalo kancane emzimbeni. Iphuzu eliyinhloko ukuthi nokuqukethwe kwalo ku ketshezi kuyinto esingaphansi usikilidi ezivamile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-nicotine ixubene nezinye izingxenye ukuthi komtshina iwukudambisa imiphumela yayo. Kuyinto engenakwenzeka ngokungananazi athi manje ukuthi lokhu into embi noma cha, kungcono noma okubi nakakhulu kunalokho iphakethe likagwayi. Abantu abaningi abakwazi senqabe kusukela ifomu yendabuko ukubhema, ngakho kwayo akuyona falling, naphezu nozakwabo abasafufusa.