Kuyini emnyuziyamu? A akanhlanhlatsi emfushane

Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe! Thanda inengqondo kuleli zwi! Kunamaphuzu amaningana rarities equkethwe iziteleka therein kanye nezindleko zabo. Abanye ziphephile akazange abe intengo, ngoba walondoloza ikhophi eyodwa kuso sonke isintu! Kuyini emnyuziyamu? Ngokombono ongokwesayensi, kuba isikhungo ezenhlalo nezamasiko okuyinto iqoqa, izifundo, ukugcina zonke izinhlobo zobuciko, isayensi nobuchwepheshe, kanye nomlando kanye nezinye zokukhulekela womuntu. Njengomthetho, iminyuziyamu eminingi abathintekayo futhi wabenza baliqonda iZwi likaNkulunkulu, eneka zobuciko zabo eziyigugu obala.

Lapho kuye kwaba Museum?

Konke kwaqala lapho abathile ezizimele (bona isesekhona). Kuyini emnyuziyamu? Endulo isihloko "ukuqoqa" zenzeka kakhulu ubuciko. NgeNkathi Ephakathi, ukuqoqa imifanekiso, izinhlamvu isonto, izinto ezingcwele zosanta. A iminyuziyamu lokuqala yesayensi avele e-Europe (Renaissance). Basuke ubuswa amaminerali, amathuluzi ucwaningo, izinto ethnographic. Museum weningi wokuqala Russia - Yebo, Curiosities! Njengoba ngesisekelo iqoqo yayo sathathwa iqoqo uPeter Omkhulu: izikhali, ukuqopha, imidwebo kanye eziqoshiwe yezizwe ezihlukahlukene, kanye nemishini, imishini, amathuluzi banesithakazelo esikhulu kangangokuthi kumbusi.

Ukwahlukanisa futhi umsebenzi

Ngokwengxenye enkulu, zonke iminyuziyamu zomhlaba ezihlukaniswe uhlobo ukuphrofayela yizenzo zabantu ukuthi u wabonisa kulo mbukiso. Ngakho, kukhona zomlando, ubuciko, yezobuchwepheshe, yokufunda, yesayensi kanye nezikhungo zocwaningo. Kukhona futhi izinhlobo exube iminyuziyamu, futhi lezi kutholakala ngokuvamile kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, isayensi-zemfundo noma umlando etemibhalo. Kukhona iminyuziyamu, kuboshelwe endaweni ethile noma kumuntu othile. Ngokwesibonelo, Aivazovsky Museum eCrimea. Konke lokhu izikhungo babe imisebenzi ethile ezihlobene kwemfundo noqeqesho, ukwakheka bezibona yobuhle emhlabeni, kuveza izenzakalo eziye zenzeka emphakathini ngesikhathi. Futhi - nenhlangano imisebenzi yokuzilibazisa, ezifana izingane esikoleni noma abafundi. Izinga yentuthuko "museology" ukhuluma ngokuqondile mayelana ezingeni kwamasiko yezwe futhi abantu abahlala kuwo. Ngoba indlela labantu kungokwalabo esidlule - ivikela futhi imnika udumo kuye noma ukhohlwe - ke bekulokhu ngumzuzu ocacisa ngekusasa abantu kanye namazwe.

Lesi sikhungo lokuqoqa nokugcina

Kuyini emnyuziyamu? Ukunqunywa ukunikeza noma yimuphi isichazamazwi noma i-encyclopedia. NgesiGreki, kuba - "endlini kaJehova Muses", okungukuthi egunjini lapho Muses bahlale. Ekuqaleni, lo mqondo ngokwayo ehloselwe iqoqo art izinto. Kamuva - nendawo (isakhiwo), lapho ziphephile zitholakala. With ukuthuthukiswa-Inthanethi kukhona iminyuziyamu virtual akhona kuphela elektroniki. Kanye-panorama emihle izinkambo irekhodwe ku-disc. Nalokho, ubona, Kuyinto elula kakhulu. Phela, leli rekhodi ingabonwa ngaphandle kokushiya ekhaya futhi ngaphandle kokuya kuphi! Nokho, ngaphandle yokuthi lokhu Museum, sisho ngokuyinhloko isikhungo lokuqoqa, ukugcina futhi okwalandela obala ziphephile.

EYurophu lehla ngokushesha inani

Kusukela ngekhulu le-18 kuze kube yilapho ukuchayeka manje umphakathi - iyingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila emazweni amaningi. Museum lokuqala "umbukiso" - UK e-London (1753). Ngesikhathi elapho kwadingeka letawubhalwa up! E-Fulansi, Louvre (1793) lo mkhuba yokuqala yeningi abantu ababefuna ukubona ziphephile obala ku flasks, lapho kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba uthinte, njengoba manje.

Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke

1. Louvre. Itholakala France. Lona omunye iminyuziyamu wavakashela kakhulu emhlabeni, yesithathu ngokujulile ukubaluleka kwaso. Kutholwe osebeni the Seine (kwesokudla), enhliziyweni Paris. Kuyinto Museum French kazwelonke. I yobuciko edume kakhulu agcinwe lapho, "Mona Lisa" (imidwebo omkhulu Da Vinci), "Venera Milosskaya", "Nika Samofrakiyskaya" (ebaziwe yamaGreki asendulo).

2. Underground. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi lo mbukiso Museum - wangempela, omkhulu - kumelwe uvakashela leli Museum, esemgwaqweni e-New York. Itholakala kwepaki ku Fifth Avenue. Yasungulwa ngu iqembu abathanda ngo-1870 kusukela nemibukiso omkhulu owaziwa obala lapho, zobuciko laseGibhithe, Afrika kanye eziqoshiwe Eastern, imidwebo ngu Monet futhi uLeonardo.

3. Hermitage. Kutholwe eRussia, futhi ine iqoqo elikhulu ziphephile, zikhona kuze kube imisebenzi abayizigidi ezintathu esikhumbuzo kwamasiko. Lokhu ebaziwe, umdwebo bese sisetshenziswa art izinto nezinto zokuhloba igalari (isitoreji Gold futhi Diamond). Ngokuvamile, ukuze uqonde ukuthi Museum, kubalulekile, okungenani kanye empilweni ukuvakashela Hermitage!

Of okubizwa ngokuthi "iminyuziyamu abadala," eyaziwa engcono waseGibhithe, British, Vatican Museum, i-National Gallery nabanye.

Kuyini Museum yezingane?

Phakathi izikhungo ezithakazelisayo kakhulu zezingane yalolu hlobo kwasekuqaleni, mhlawumbe, kuthatha Steiger Imyuziyamu, esemgwaqweni eCzech Republic. Liqukethe iqoqo eliyingqayizivele ezinganeni, okuyinto kwakwenzekani iminyaka eminingi. Lapha futhi vintage Christmas imihlobiso, futhi amasosha ithini ithoyizi futhi zanamuhla. Lokhu ukusungulwa okuhambisana ngokugcwele umsebenzi walo - imfundo asemasha ngokutadisha umlando.

Okuningi ku indaba ephathwayo zezingane: Museum Sharlya Perro eFrance, okwakuhlala kulo laba bafana ukuhlangabezana tinongo izinhlamvu Fairytale wax; Museum of Astrid Lindgren eSweden, kanye Museum kanye Moomin Museum of Magic eNgilandi. Bonke amahle ngendlela yabo, kodwa kukhona ezivamile: izingane lapho ungafuni ukushiya!