Kuyini adrenaline? Adrenaline: definition, indima, imisebenzi kanye nemiphumela

Kuyini adrenaline? Kuyinto uthishanhloko i-hormone medulla, okuyinto kuveza nezindlala adrenal. Epinephrine futhi uba neurotransmitter. Nokho, isakhiwo sazo sekhemikhali efana namanje okukhulunywe catecholamines. Adrenaline kungenziwa kalula atholakala ezicutshini futhi izitho zomzimba wethu. Okwamanje, akukho kuphela hormone yemvelo, kodwa izidakamizwa zokwenziwa ukuthi ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa imithi.

Kuyini adrenaline?

Le into kubalulekile umuntu, ikakhulu ezimweni ezicindezelayo. Phela, le hormone ivumela ngemizuzwana ukwenza isinqumo: ukuba abalekele noma ukulwa naleyo mizwa. Mthetho adrenalin iqala ezimweni lapho umuntu ahlangabezana nokukhathazeka, ukwesaba noma ingozi. Izinto eziningi ezinkulu, le hormone zingaba ekulungiseleleni ukulimala ahlukahlukene kanye ukusha. Uma umuntu esengene beshaqekile ke ukubhekana nemizwa kuyamsiza kuyinto adrenaline.

kanjani

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi yini adrenaline, kufanele baqonde indlela ketshezi kuthinta umzimba. On umphumela le hormone iyafana izinqubo eziletha ukusebenza kwawo nozwela yezinzwa. Ngakho kukhona nethonya receptor a- futhi b-adrenergic.

Ngenxa yalokho, isizukulwane adrenaline emzimbeni womuntu wabonisa vasoconstriction ise isikhumba, in the ingaphakathi lesisu kanye lwamafinyila. Kodwa akugcini lapho. Imikhumbi elise ubuchopho, kunalokho, kuthiwa uyanda. Ngemva kwalokho-ke ezinophawu ukwanda wegazi. Inhliziyo iqala nge flutter. Kwezinye izimo, kukhona usongo arrhythmia, kodwa ngenxa umphumela inhibitory ka emsipheni vagus basengozini bradycardia reflex.

Isigaba adrenaline nomthelela blood pressure

Kukhona izigaba ezine eziyinhloko-hormone okuthiwa i-thile blood pressure. Phakathi kwabo kukhona:

1. Inhliziyo. Kulokhu, excitation b _1- adrenoceptors. Ngenxa yalokho, kukhona ukwanda okukhipha inhliziyo nokwenyuka systolic blood pressure.
2. Vagal. Lesi sigaba isekelwe ukusebenza izisekelo emsipheni vagus. Lubonakala, njengoba umthetho, umfutho wegazi ophakeme.
3. pressor Umhlinzi. Lesi sigaba lihlotshaniswa excitation futhi _1- kanye receptor _2-adrenergic kanye. Kukhona ukucindezelwa okuphawulekayo neuropathy vasopressor izinqubo isigaba vagal. Kulesi blood pressure liphuma futhi.
4. Depressor-semithambo. Kulesi sigaba b _2- kakhudlwana umsebenzi adrenaretseptorov. Ngenxa yalokhu, kukhona umfutho ophansi wegazi.

Crank: incazelo i-hormone

adrenalin womuntu lihlukile zokwenziwa izidakamizwa. Nokho, ithonya lazo emzimbeni ngokulinganayo. Ehlukile adrenaline basabela imisipha abushelelezi. Phela, zingabantu receptor ehluke ngokuphelele adrenergic. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuphumula bronchial imisipha bushelelezi futhi amathumbu kwenzeka uma b ₂ -adrenoceptor ukushukuma, futhi umfundi ukunwetshwa - ngesikhathi ukushukuma ₁ -adrenoceptor.

Imiphumela adrenaline, okuyizinto zonke emzimbeni womuntu, futhi kuncike ezicini eziningi. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi lena i-hormone catabolic. Adrenalin uyakwazi ukusebenza zonke izinhlobo exchange real. Lokhu i-hormone kwandisa izinga igazi glucose. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imfuyo uyakwazi ukuthuthukisa izicubu umzimba.

Ngakho-ke yini adrenaline? Ochwepheshe bathi futhi ukuba kontrinsulyarnyh. Epinephrine uyakwazi ukuthuthukisa gluconeogenesis futhi glycogenolysis. Imiphumela iba yinhlanganisela yokukhandleka retardation kuzo zonke izinqubo ngokukhiqiza futhi glycogen esibindini futhi imisipha lwamathambo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo sithuthukisa bamba nokubhujiswa glucose. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-enzyme glycolytic ziyasebenza.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi i-adrenaline hormone, indima nemisebenzi okuyinto Sekuyisikhathi eside wafunda, kunciphisa zamagama amanoni ikhuthaza nokucekelwa yayo. Uma emakamu yalolu ketshezi kuphezulu kakhulu, ngisho ethuthukisiwe amaprotheni catabolism kubantu.

imiphumela eyingozi

Hormone has nomthelela omuhle ukusebenza kohlelo imisipha yohlaka. Le mpahla kubalulekile lapho ukukhathala impahla. Nokho, lapho zizwa adrenaline ku lendwangu ibhalwe izinguquko ezithile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngokuyinhloko anda imisipha lwamathambo futhi myocardium. It is a uhlobo lithathelwe ukucindezeleka njalo futhi ilayisha ngokomzimba okusezingeni eliphezulu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, sithuthukiswe amaprotheni catabolism, yemisipha namandla ukwehla. Ngenxa ukuvezwa kwesikhathi eside umuntu ungalahlekelwa isisindo kakhulu. Isenzakalo esifanayo kwenzeka nokucindezeleka. Ingqikithi kuthinta isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko. Ngenxa yalokho, kungenzeka ukwandisa isikhathi sihlale siphapheme, amandla engqondo nomsebenzi. Konke lokhu kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa ukugqugquzela bonke khandlu of umzimba.

ezicini ezinhle

Ososayensi baye efakazelwe yokuthi hormone ziwusizo. Ngempela, zokwelapha ngokuvamile sisetshenziswa adrenaline. Kusho ukuthini ngawe? I-hormone anezakhi anti-iguliswa futhi eqeda ukuvuvukala. Lokhu kwaziswa iyisithiyo uphume prostaglandins, leukotrienes, kinin, histamine, serotonin nezinye Amagciwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-adrenalin uyakwazi ukuthuthukisa igazi ekunqandeni, ukwandisa isibalo kanye umsebenzi platelet.

Ungakhohlwa ukuthi le hormone ekhona emzimbeni womuntu. Nokho, uma ukucindezeleka ubukhulu liphuma ngokucijile, kukhona kabusha zonke izinqubo umzimba. Kulokhu, umuntu uyakwazi uzizwa kokubheduka ezinamandla ezingokomzwelo. Ezinye zivama ukuzizwa ngokuphindaphindiwe. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi abantu seziqala sihlanganyele emidlalweni eyingozi noma. Kuyinto uhlobo kalowo adrenaline.

Kusetshenziswa imithi

I-adrenaline hormone, njengoba kuchazwe ngenhla, ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa imithi. Lapha-ke isetshenziswa njengophawu hyperglycemic, anti-iguliswa, a bronchodilator, vasoconstrictor, ama-ejenti abanomfutho wegazi ophakeme. Ngaphezu kwalokho, into esetshenziselwa e asystole, ngopha izitsha olukha phezulu isikhumba nolwelwesi lwamafinyila, evulekile-engela glaucoma. Adrenalin uyakwazi ekudambiseni isimo lesiguli.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi umphumela oqabulayo hormone kubonakala cishe ngokushesha ngemva kokuba abaphathi emthanjeni. Kwezinye izimo kubalulekile ukulinda kancane. Uma izidakamizwa iqondiswa phansi kwesikhumba, umphumela kwenzeka ngemva kwemizuzu engu-10 uma intramuscularly - 20 imizuzu.

Futhi, i-adrenalin isetshenziswa izinzwa. Kulokhu i-hormone constricts yegazi isikhumba nolwelwesi lwamafinyila, kubamba ukugeleza kwegazi. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze sinciphise izinga lokutholakala kwengculazi ukumuncwa imithi ebulala izinzwa. Futhi, njengoba umthetho, kwandisa isikhathi ukuchayeka kwabo.