Kulandelwe womuntu kwegazi: isakhiwo kanye indima emzimbeni

Igazi - abakha imvelo yangaphakathi zomzimba womuntu kanye main nekambiso yeenthuthi, njengoba isebenta hhayi kuphela bebodwa, kodwa futhi amaseli kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni. Plasma Amaphrotheni zadluliselwa zonke izicubu-hormone, izakhi kanye nomoya-mpilo, futhi ahlinzeke yesondlo lokushisa homeostasis.

Ngokuqondene nalokhu imibuthano kwabantu kwegazi, noma kunalokho, uhlelo ukusebenza, kuhlanganise nenhliziyo izitsha ezinkulu, ekhipha igazi enhliziyweni nelifakayo medium and encane oda kanye capillary ezakha microcirculation. Bonke babe siqu isakhiwo sabo esiyingqayizivele netindlela wesi. Ngenxa izilwane ephakeme kuyinto inhliziyo emine chambered, kuyisiko ukupha abashadayo ukuhlukanisa phakathi esikhulu kwegazi encane yomuntu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, futhi isehlane ngobuchopho inhliziyo, ngoba ezinye izici ezikhethekile. Ngokokuqala ngqá kokutholakala imithetho jikelele lesi simiso kuye kwenza uWilliam Harvey engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu le-17, futhi kamuva idatha agcwaliswa njengoba kwandzisa ulwazi komzimba futhi izitho zomzimba, wachaza hemodynamic futhi izakhiwo rheological kwegazi, kanye izindlela ezicashile zokukhonza ukuhamba kwayo izitsha.

isakhiwo

Ukusakazwa yomuntu lalingekho ngaphandle igunya central zalesi simiso - inhliziyo. Kuyinto ozwakala, noma kunalokho, ekamelweni, umzimba kwemisipha, esizolokhu amandla Kufinyeta yayo, eqinisweni, Dynamics ukugeleza kwegazi. Futhi esikhathini esizayo babambe iqhaza kule wenze izitsha, noma kunalokho, lolu donga lwabo kwemisipha. A isiyingi esikhulu kwegazi kumuntu inikeza trophic futhi umoya cishe wonke umzimba: the esifubeni, izitho zomzimba zangaphakathi. Ngokuvamile asuke lwaleli yomthambo i-aorta kwesokunxele ezivamile carotid Umthambo (aa.carotis communis) kanye brachiocephalic isiqu (truncus brachiocephalicus), ukuhlinzeka amandla ubuchopho. Amanye amagatsha bomkhumbi main, oqala ngo-ventricle engakwesobunxele, kukhona ezimbili Umthambo subclavian (aa.subclavia dexter et eliyingozi), bese - axillary (aa.axillaris) nesiphanga (aa.brachialis), ezidayisa igazi ezandleni. Izinhlaka ngalo ingaphakathi lesisu, ukhalo futhi aphansi esitho trophism etholakale aorta besisu. Iphela kwegazi aphansi kanye engenhla emithanjeni eziyize egeleza phakathi ATRIUM kwesokudla. isofthiwe ekhethekile kulula, ngoba ku-alveoli umzimba kukhona omunye izinqubo ezibaluleke kakhulu - negesi lokushintshisana phakathi capillary kanye sacs emoyeni lapho igazi ivela ventricle engakwesobunxele ngomgudu wokuphefumula, ahlanganiswe umoya-mpilo futhi ilahlekelwa -carbon dioxide. Khona-ke ubuyela inhliziyo ibe i-ventricle engakwesobunxele ka vv.pulmonales. Le ndlela yenza umbuthano elincane womuntu kwegazi.

Ukuxhumana nezinye izinhlelo

Yiqiniso, kubaluleke kakhulu futhi isimo izitsha inhliziyo negazi, njengoba kuncike kuzo ijubane futhi iwusizo trophic futhi ephefumula wonke amanye kwezitho nezicubu. Nokho, noma yimuphi izinqubo wendawo noma letindzala sokugembula emzimbeni kuthinte abantu kwegazi ezilandelayo futhi kungabangela isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi, umfutho ophakeme wegazi, okwandisa umthwalo inhliziyo. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kusebenze kahle zalesi simiso kubalulekile ukuba impilo jikelele zomzimba.