Kobulembu Excavator: ezibekiweko lobuchwepheshe, izincazelo kanye nokubuyekeza

Excavator - a Earthmovers operation eyindilinga yakhelwe ukuhlukanisa umhlabathi amalungu afanayo, ezihambayo yayo futhi ukulayisha. The main umzimba zokusebenza imishini ekhethekile kuyinto ebhakedeni, okuyinto ukulayishwa yokuhamba isihlobo edwaleni ngosizo lomshini traction izindlela. I Excavator kungaba we "lokwela '(zokuthuthukiswa rock phezulu endaweni yesikhulumi nokuma)," backhoe "(wasebenzisa kukhishwe mass zobumba ngaphansi kwamanzi ukusekelwa) kanye kobulembu - Excavator nge" ekhuhla "ebhakedeni. Uhlobo yokugcina lubaluleke sokuthuthukisa umthamo omkhulu zenhlabathi, ngesikhathi bula imisebenzi, e sokufunwa nobunjiniyela wokubacindezela, ukuhlanza phansi emifuleni, emachibini kanye nezinye machibi.

kobulembu abembayo

Eyokuqala oyinhloko kobulembu abembayo isikimu yasungulwa ngekhulu le-16, isazi olukhulu Renaissance - uLeonardo da Vinci. Ngo ngezinga ezimbonini, lolu hlobo su ibilokhu isetshenziswa kusukela 1884 e-United States. ERussia lolu hlobo imishini emhlabeni ezinyakaza bavela okokuqala eminyakeni yangemva kwempi. Zazisetshenziswa sokuthuthukiswa enomkhiqizo wokumbiwa phansi. Kobulembu Excavator, ngokungafani nezinye onobuhle imishini ehlukanisa kwedwala kusukela afanayo ngenxa umdwebo kobuso ebhakedeni, hhayi ithonya wokubacindezela noma intambo-block uhlelo. Ngenxa nezimo nokubopha ibhakede ukulengiswa ikhebula boom, ubulembu izicabucabu ezihamba ngabo uthola umsebenzi kude okukhulu futhi traction indlela kunezinye izinhlobo izimoto ukujula. Lokhu kutshengisa inzuzo futhi umehluko oyinhloko lolu hlobo imishini emhlabeni ezinyakaza.

Design kanye nokusebenza isimiso

Kobulembu siqukethe izinhlelo eziningana eziyisisekelo - umshini ukuthi kudala traction, boom, indophi kanye ebhakedeni uhlelo. I Ukwakheka kohlelo ikhebula kufaka traction futhi nokuphakamisa sezindophi, okuyinto esebenzisa amaketanga anamekwe ladle. Umsuka adingekayo ukuze ikwazi ukuhamba umzimba usebenza indiza mpo, kanti eyesibili kuqinisa ebhakedeni kumshini, lapho izihlahla kwenzeka nedwala nomhlabathi ukulayisha. Ngemva kwalokho kobulembu Excavator kanyekanye ukudansela isiginci sakhe ephakamisa futhi traction sezindophi, ngenxa okwandisa ibanga phakathi Itshekisela unit and isixhumanisi yokuxhuma is tensioned intambo khulula. Ngenxa yalokho, onqenqemeni phambi ebhakedeni siphakeme, okuyinto kuvimbela phansi ukulala zidayelwe.

Ngemva kokuthutha inhlabathi mass endaweni ka athula bebutho phezu traction futhi intambo kokusiphakamisela ngokucijile encishisiwe, kanjalo buthaka isimo esishubile athula ikhebula - ebhakedeni ilahlekelwa ibhalansi, kujika, lapho kuthumela idwala.

Izici wokusebenza

Ukuqinisekisa kwe-ebhakedeni emhlabathini kwenzeka kuphela ngaphansi isisindo ayo. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlinzeka yokumba okusezingeni eliphezulu amandla, amatshe kufanele kube kahle okuxekethile. Ngakho-ke, idwala aminyene futhi okuqinile inhlabathi, ehlelelwe umhla ukuthuthukisa, usebenzisa ubulembu izicabucabu ezihamba ngabo Excavator, ngaphambili Uzithukululile nhlonhlo uwohloka noma imisebenzi ukuqhumisa.

Ngesikhathi kokuhlinzwa kanye traction, izindophi kokusiphakamisela kumele babe ukungezwani njalo, kubalulekile ukugwema ukugqagqana. Uphakamisa uphinde wehlise boom nayo ezenzeka ngokusebenzisa umsebenzi lo mshini ikhebula. Ngakho-ke, uma usebenza ngamathayi kanzima futhi obukhulu primer setha amabhakede ezincane, ukuze idlule umthamo esiphezulu.

Izinzuzo Ububi

Ngokungafani Excavator ezivamile lapho yisandla is eyenziwe wokubacindezela noma intambo-block uhlelo, kanye ebhakedeni is isandla exhunywe kwi-boom, ubulembu izicabucabu ezihamba ngabo ukusebenza emzimbeni imahhala ukuhambisa isihlobo kumshini main. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba wehlise yona ukujula okukhulu (izikhathi eziningana ezingaphezu kuka bekwazi onobuhle ezivamile).

Ngenxa ukukhanya kanye nokuthuthukiswa ende boom phansi kobulembu abembayo ungentiwa at amabanga amade uma liya kusukela iphuzu nokuma. Lokhu kwandisa ukusebenza lolu hlobo imishini futhi kunciphisa tindleko ukukhiqizwa yokwemba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, nahlulele by ukubuyekezwa, elula futhi iqine ukulawula ebhakedeni indlela kunciphisa nezindleko ezihambisana nokuqukethwe samanje art.

Nebubi-kobulembu ibhakede le Excavator ngenxa ukumiswa nezimo. Ngenxa yalo enciphile yokumba ukunemba nokuthola athula. Ngenxa yalokho, mpahla rocks ngqo sokucaba nzima. Ngokuvamile phansi elahla senziwa ikhaba - lapho wathuthela e yokulahla. Ngakho-ke, intuthuko emhlabeni afanayo ngaphandle impahla eyengeziwe ezikhethekile - abembayo ezivamile, Loaders - engenakwenzeka.

izici Technical

Ukuze imishini kobulembu Excavator wabonisa ukusebenza okuhamba phambili, kumbiwa site kufanele ibekwe ngqo phambi umshini. Yisa ebhakedeni phansi indlela pendulum kungathatha indawo - i umshayeli osengumakad 'ebona, wahosha imishini ukusebenza kungaba' uphonse "phezu ibanga mkhulu kunezinhliziyo okuvumela boom.

Kuye imodeli yalolu hlobo imishini emhlabeni ezinyakaza, umshini ukusebenza kuzoba zibe ezilandelayo:

• boom obuphelele - kusuka ngamamitha 15 kuya ku-100;
• Esijwayelekile ebhakedeni main - kusuka 6.3 m 168 ^s;
• Maximum yokumba engaba - 15.3 m noma ngaphezulu;
• Ground Pressure - 0,06-0,255 MPA.

Gxila-kobulembu Excavator - uquqaba zokusebenza. Isisindo imishini akhanya e izikhathi imishini embalwa ezikhethekile ngaphezulu nge wokubacindezela noma intambo-block uhlelo. Lokhu kukhawulela kakhulu isicelo sabo.

sphere kwesicelo

Izibuyekezo bathi kobulembu abembayo avame ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni yentuthuko emikhulu uyaca inhlabathi. Basuke ngenkuthalo esetshenziswa ngesikhathi bula imisebenzi, kanye nemisebenti yetimayini kanye ukudalwa engaba amakhulu futhi imigodi ukujula. Kobulembu nge ladle perforated isetshenziselwa isizinda amatshe kusuka phansi machibi, futhi yokuhlanza imifula, amachibi noma ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo wokubacindezela. Babuye kabanzi imisebenzi sokufuna futhi. Ezindaweni zasemadolobheni like ukumba eziqhutshwa ezingavamile kakhulu.

Uhlobo Excavator-Drive

Eminyakeni yamuva ngokwethukela kusetshenziswa draglines. Basuke zilethwe endaweni yomsebenzi ezingxenyeni, lapho kukhona inhlangano yabo okwalandela. umshini njalo is esikhathini esiningi Ngobujamo flat. Uma kudingeka, ukuthuthela entsha opharetha, ubulembu izicabucabu ezihamba ngabo Excavator kwehlisa izicathulo ezikhethekile, okuyinto ukubona isisindo futhi siphakamise umshini.

Ngemva kwalokho, esigabeni ukwesekwa idluliswa, futhi inqubo futhi, "lihlala" kuso. Shoes efakiwe endaweni entsha, futhi lonke inqubo iyaphindwa. Njengomthetho, abembayo ukuhamba ube mass esikhulu, esingenakubalwa ukumelana Umhambisi isibungu. Abakhasi noma pneumowheel kobulembu abembayo manje cishe ziphinde zenzeke. Ngokuvamile benjalo izimoto ezincane kanye nomkhiqizo ongaphakeme, yingakho ukusetshenziswa kwabo ezindaweni zokwakha kuyinto engeke asebenze. Cishe bonke abamele lolu hlobo zinganakiwe by izinjini wokubacindezela futhi intambo-block.

abakhiqizi Global

"Uralmash" - inkampani yasekhaya ubunjiniyela kabani kobulembu abembayo sithole ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zomhlaba. izici Technical we model in ezahlukene, okuvumela iklayenti ngamunye ukukhetha imoto ngokuvumelana nezidingo zakho. Ukwahlulela ukubuyekezwa, lokhu ingenye abameleli enokwethenjelwa kakhulu stepper of imishini ephambili.

Ukuncintisana izinkampani zasekhaya kuyinto okuhlukahlukene inkampani Japanese okhuthaza ezimakethe zomhlaba imodeli zilandelwa. Imvama, kuba inqubo lula kakhudlwana, okuyinto esetshenziswa ekuthuthukiseni inhlabathi afanayo elincane.