Kanjani ukufunda esikoleni sobudokotela? Izici ukuqeqeshwa esikoleni sobudokotela

Udokotela - omunye umsebenzi abahlonishwa kakhulu futhi muhle. sphere sezokwelashwa ngokuyisisekelo ukuhluka bonke abanye, ngoba isisebenzi ngasinye kuyisibopho sakhe mbamba letimayelana nalesihloko izimpilo kanye nempilo yabanye. Naphezu yinkimbinkimbi icala wezokwelapha kanye nenani ubuqili, inani elikhulu izicelo unyaka ngamunye uhambisa amaphepha ezikhethekile izikole eziphakeme. Kanjani ukufunda esikoleni sobudokotela nokuthi yabezokwelapha kufanele bazazi ngaphambi kokungena?

I yezokwelapha umsebenzi - siyisinqumo esinzima kunazo zonke?

Ngokwesilinganiso, kube umuntu ofanelekayo eRussia kungenzeka eminyakeni 3-6 (emva ukuthola imfundo jikelele). Ohlonishwa kakhulu, njalo ethembisa kubhekwe zasenyuvesi okungase wathola emva kweminyaka 5-6 zokutadisha. Lokhu kusebenza kakhulu kwezomnotho, ezamasiko lobuchwepheshe, kanye nezinye amakhono. Kodwa Isimo sihluke kakhulu nge ubuchwepheshe lokufaneleka ngqo imithi.

Kanjani ukufunda esikoleni sobudokotela ukuba abe udokotela? Impendulo ekungilo: okungenani iminyaka engu 7-9. Kungani eside kangaka, ubuza, ngoba bahlukane nakho wamabhuku ezimali kungaba ngokushesha izikhathi 2? Udokotela Kumele ube kakhulu ulwazi anatomy, biology kanye ne-chemistry. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukwazi ukusebenzisa konke lwati lolutfolakele umkhuba, ukuze unombono mayelana Ukuklanywa komzimba womuntu kanye lo mshini izinqubo zayo. Amaphutha emithi inadmissible, ngoba intengo ngamunye wabo bangaba ukuphila komuntu. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu, ukuqeqeshwa ongoti kufanele kube njengoba qualitative futhi kuthatha isikhathi esiningi.

izimfanelo Personal edingekayo ukusebenza emkhakheni wezokwelapha

Iba udokotela okuhle kuphela ubizo. Ngakho siphikise ochwepheshe bezempilo yangempela. Ukuze uphumelele umkhuba udokotela kwakudingeka izinzwa ensimbi, ukuzinza ezinhle zengqondo kanye nekhono ukugcina ikhanda cool ngisho ezimweni ezibucayi. I ngokucacile yemisebenzi impilo kudinga ukuhlangana njalo nge ezihlukahlukene ukulimala kanye pathologies zomzimba womuntu, kanye nalabo abaxhumane nathi ngegazi futhi olunye uketshezi lomzimba. Lo msebenzi akukhona ezithandayo eyethile noma abantu squeamish.

Akufanele ngisho cabanga ngokuthi singakanani ukufunda esikoleni sobudokotela kulabo dream of ngihola kahle kanye schedule engaguquki umsebenzi ngemva nje kokuqeda isikole. Ekusebenteni, abamele umsebenzi wemisebenzi wanelisa Umholo osesilinganisweni iningi, uma kungewona ongaphakeme. Ukuze wenze umsebenzi omuhle kwezokwelapha, kubalulekile ukuba unikele ukuphila kwayo konke.

Mingaki iminyaka yokufunda esikoleni izicelo bezokwelapha wavuma emva esikoleni?

Iya lokuyofunda Udokotela angakwazi ngamunye iziqu isikhungo sakho semfundo. Kwavulwa amayunivesithi Russian Ukwamukelwa Kwenziwa imiphumela ukuhlolwa. Amanye amayunivesithi ukuqhuba izingxoxo zabo futhi ukuhlolwa ngoba bonke labo abafisa ukungena. Ukunakwa enkulu ikhokhelwa eyala efana biology, chemistry yemvelo. Kungakanani udinga ukufunda e abafundi esikoleni sezokwelapha ukuya ekolishi ngemva kokuphothula esikoleni esiphakeme? Isikhathi cwaningo iminyaka 6.

Ngemva kokuthweswa iziqu ukuba uthole umsebenzi e okukhethekile ngeke zisebenze. Ukuqala i-career yezokwelapha ngemva kokuthweswa iziqu kudingeka kudlule i internship kanye yokuhlala. It is, eqinisweni, umzamo ophindaphindiwe, eyenziwa ngesisekelo the izindawo zezempilo. Isikhathi salesi isigaba ukuqeqeshwa ivela 1 kuya ku-3 iminyaka, kuye ngokuthi lunye abakhethiwe. Kwaze kwaba yilapho sebeshiye kokuphothula internship noma izakhamuzi professional abasha angathola umsebenzi emkhakheni wabo.

Izimfihlo irisidi yimpumelelo ngoba odokotela esizayo

Bonke abafundi abaphase dream yokuba odokotela, kufanele kube ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka isinqumo sokugcina nesifiso sakhe bese uzama ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana emsebenzini eziwukhethile. Medicine kudinga ulwazi oluhle uhlelo esikoleni umfundi wesayensi yezinto eziphilayo, yokuthakwa kwamakhemikhali ne-physics. Esikhathini isikhungo ezikhethekile zemfundo, ukuhlolwa kanye izivivinyo ziyinkimbinkimbi ukuze nje ungatholi ukubhala off. Uma kudingeka, ngisho nakuba esesesikoleni kufanele usezoqala ukuya izifundo ezikhethekile noma ukuqasha ukudweba izifundo ngasese. Injongo eyinhloko esizayo komfakisicelo - ngempumelelo kudlule ukuhlolwa. Uma kungenzeka, khetha ethize pre-school, vakashela open day futhi ufunde yonke imithetho ukulaliswa esibhedlela.

Iqiniso kanye eqanjiwe ngokutadisha esikoleni sobudokotela

Kuze kube manje, uthole degree wezokwelapha waseRussia kungenzeka kuphela ngokususa cwaningo esigcwele. Kulesi ukungabi unexcused beqonda umsebenzi ku amaningi izikhungo zemfundo. Uyazi, uthole ukuthi mingaki iminyaka udinga ukufunda esikoleni sobudokotela. Ngaphambi kokungena kuyoba usizo futhi ukwamukela umqondo wokuthi ukuze uthole ngenkathi ukufunda eyunivesithi lesi siqondiso akunakwenzeka ngokwenyama. Sabasanda Kufika kuyoba usizo ukuxoxa irisidi nabazali bakhe, njengoba usizo lwabo kanye nokwesekwa kuyoba efanele kakhulu ngenkathi ngitadisha.

Okunzima kakhulu kubhekwa wokuqala izifundo ezintathu. Umfundi ngamunye kuyoba usizo ukwazi ukuthi angaxoshwa ngokuhluleka isivivinyo ngesikhathi, izikhala ehlelekile futhi kahle jikelele. Abafundi baye babhalisa ngempumelelo ngomnyaka wesine, imvamisa iye ikhishwe ngokuphephile eyunivesithi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abafundi kwezinye amandla emva kokuphela konyaka wesithathu sebeqala ukufuna imisebenzi njengoba abahlengikazi, ukuqongelela isipiliyoni ezidingekayo. ngisho egijima ihlaya phakathi kodokotela esizayo: "Kuphumelele inkambo sesine - ungathola ngokuphepha eshadile!" Iphuzu liwukuthi iminyaka yokugcina ucwaningo kalula kulokuqala.

Ukuqeqeshwa nsuku ezikhokhelwayo isabelomali

izikole zemithi luhluke bonke abanye liyinkathi ukuqeqeshwa hhayi kuphela. Kulezi izikhungo zemfundo ye linani lelincane ukuqeqeshwa izindawo wezindleko senzelwe abafundi batfola imfundvo ngokungenzi inzuzo. Ngokwesilinganiso, cishe ngo-10% abafundi Ungafaka umnyango ikhokhwe. Lokhu ukusatshalaliswa akuyona ngephutha. Umgomo wayo lomkhulu - ukuhlinzeka inqwaba yabafundi abanamakhono ngubani abayazi kahle futhi umdlandla wekufundza.

Noma yimuphi isikhungo sezokwelapha - lena akuyona indawo lapho ungathola khona ngokomthetho "ukuthenga diploma izitolimende." Ukwazi kangakanani ukufunda esikoleni sobudokotela, kuba nzima kakhulu ukumelana mbuzo: "Yeka ukuthi kungakanani ikhokhelwa wokuqeqesha abantu?" Konke kuncike ukuthandwa nedumela lesikhungo esithile. Ezikoleni eMoscow Petersburg, ukuqeqeshwa Yiqiniso lokuqala kungadla ruble ayizigidi 150-200. I "non-ehlonishwayo" amanyuvesi Regional yezinombolo zingancishiswa ngu izikhathi eziningana.

Abafundi bathola imfundo yamahhala, ziyadingeka ngemva kokuthweswa iziqu ukusebenza okungenani engu-3 ezibhedlela zikahulumeni e wokusabalalisa.

Amaphepha adingekayo ukuze yokwemukela University Medical

Ukuya esikoleni sezokwelapha, udinga sokulungiselela kusengaphambili ezithile imibhalo. Ngokuvamile, uhlu ejwayelekile: ikhophi yephasiphothi, isitifiketi, ukuhlolwa imiphumela, izithombe, 3 x 4. Uma kukhona impumelelo ekhethekile, njengemishado ngokuwina imincintiswano ku-chemistry biology, babiza lo iphakethe kwemibhalo eqinisekisa ngemininingwane yabo. Sabasanda Kufika imfundvo lephakeme ngemva kokuthi iphrofayela ekolishi, kufanele ulethe ikhophi idiploma ye secondary education amakhono.

Isilinganiselwa amanyuvesi eRussia

Namuhla e-Russia zikhona izikhungo okungenani 44 ephakeme zemfundo sephrofayela wezokwelapha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imfundo edingekayo ukusebenza emkhakheni wezokwelapha, ungathola ku iminyango ezikhethekile emanyuvesi ezithile multi-izigwegwe. Ukwazi ukuthi mingaki iminyaka kumelwe sifunde esesikoleni sokufundela ubudokotela, kunengqondo uyaqaphela asondele kukhethwa isikhungo esithile.

Ohlonishwa kakhulu kuyinto amayunivesithi eMoscow futhi Petersburg. Lawa: Russian National IMD kubo. Pirogov, Okokuqala MGMU kubo. Sechenov State Medical Dental University, State Medical Academy. II Mechnikov State Medical University yaqanjwa I. P. Pavlová.

Khetha esikoleni ethize kunengqondo, ukucacisa lunye oyifunayo. Umkhakha wezokwelapha elula kubhekwe ezifana usokhemisi kanye wamazinyo, okunzima kakhulu - udokotela ohlinzayo, wenhliziyo. Namuhla, kunamabandla iphrofayela kwemithi nasemakolishi zamazinyo ezweni lethu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanye amanyuvesi, eminye iminyango ezibhekwa "enamandla kakhulu." Yiqiniso, acabangele leli isici okufanele abafundi abafuna ukuba nithole imfundo enhle ngempela futhi yokwakha ama-career enhle.

Ngingaba ube udokotela emva ekolishi?

Kanjani ukufunda ku sikhungo emva ekolishi wezokwelapha kanye esingakanani kuthatha imfundo ekhethekile yesibili? Ngo amakolishi kanye nezikole eliphezulu namuhla, ungase uthole umhlengikazi imfundo. Isikhathi cwaningo engu-3. Post-yesibili sokufundela imfundo ekolishi iziqu kungaba ubhalisele eyunivesithi wezokwelapha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo i-udokotela iziqu uzobuye bahlukane nakho iminyaka 6 njengoba izicelo wavuma uma sekuphume isikole. Secondary ezikhethekile imfundo yezokwelapha inikeza ithuba ukusebenza njengoba abasebenzi bezokwelapha junior. Ukuyisa isikhundla esiphakeme umsebenzi udinga ukuthola imfundo ephakeme. Ukuze ube udokotela, iziqu ekolishi kuphela, ngeke zisebenze.

Kungakhathaliseki noma cha ukuthola imfundo ekhethekile yesibili kulabo ufuna ukuba abe udokotela?

inkolelo Abaningana impela kuvamile ukuthi ukukhetha abazi umsebenzi kufanele kube ngaphambi kokungena ezikhethekile inyuvesi aphothula isikhungo esihle imfundo ekhethekile yesibili. Kufaneleka ukuthi ukusebenzisa lelisu e yebhizinisi Consulting, nendlela okumele ufunde ngaleso sikhungo emva ekolishi wezokwelapha? Ekusebenteni, ukunciphisa isikhathi ukuqeqeshwa ngeke isebenze eyunivesithi. Diploma Ephakeme Medical Education okuzokhishwa kuphela ngemuva kokuphela kweminyaka eyisithupha cwaningo, kungakhathaliseki khona secondary education ekhethekile.

It kuvela ukuthi, ngokomthetho, akekho izinzuzo ungeyena abafundi abaya esikoleni sobudokotela ngemva ekolishi. abakufundayo bangaki iminyaka - sithole kakade. Nse njengoba ukuya ekolishi ngemva kokuphothula esikoleni esiphakeme. Kuthiwani namarisidi? encintisana Esemthethweni izinzuzo ube ekolishi degrees, kube kungenjalo. Nokho ukuqeqeshwa esikoleni iphrofayela ukunika ithuba ukuze uthole ulwazi ezingasiza kudlule kangcono ukuhlolwa yokungena.

Kuhlelwa kabusha yezokwelapha imfundo 2016-2017 GG.

Kusukela 2016 ukuqeqeshwa isikhathi kuyehla bezempilo esizayo. Ngokusho kwentelwa kutsi letichibiyelo yokutholwa emithethweni ekhona yezwe, ukhansele i-internship eziningi nezokwelapha. Kusukela 2016 umkhuba yonyaka alibe lisaba kuphoqelekile osokhemisi kanye odokotela bamazinyo. Kusukela 2017 ukuqala i-career kwizimboni nezikhungo zezokwelapha kanye nezempilo ngemva nje kokuqeda isikole bazokwazi nodokotela bezingane kanye nodokotela.

Bangaki babhaliswa esikoleni sobudokotela at udokotela wamazinyo abafundi lanamuhla? Banikezwe ezintsha zokuqeqesha okungenani nkathi iminyaka 5. Kumele kuqapheleke futhi ukuthi lezi zichibiyelo zenziwa maqondana nokushoda kwabasebenzi semitholampilo kamasipala. Initiators ukunciphisa isikhathi sesifundo somuntu ukholelwa ukuthi lesi sinqumo kuzosiza ngokushesha ukuxazulula inkinga yamanje.

Futhi kuthiwani ukuqeqeshwa odokotela nezinye izigaba, kakhulu ukufunda esikoleni sobudokotela ngesikhathi udokotela ohlinzayo, ngokuvumelana nemithetho emisha? Ngakho-ke kulindeleke ukuthi maduze Russia kuyoba amazinga olusha imfundo yezokwelapha nokuqeqeshwa amakhono kuhlinzwa kuzothatha isikhathi eside, kusukela internship uzonyamalala, futhi internship kuyoba ukwenza emva kweminyaka embalwa nje udokotela wendawo. Residency e nemithetho emisha kungaba eside - kusukela eminyakeni emi-2 kuya kwemi-5.

Futhi kwamanye amazwe?

Kuze kube manje, i-Russia - lizwe kanye nezokwelapha esheshayo ukufunda. Ukuze uqhathanise: e-US, ukuze ube udokotela, udinga ukuchitha ukufunda 12-18. Kanjani ukufunda esikoleni sobudokotela e-Europe? ENgilandi, abafundi yezokwelapha baqeqeshiwe iminyaka 10 e-Germany - iminyaka 8-10.

Namuhla phakathi ababhuli baye abakhonondayo ukuqedwa internship. Ngokusho la ochwepheshe, izinguquko ezinjalo zingaholela ekuphathekeni nokwehla okuphawulekayo e ikhwalithi yokubandula lodokotela. Yeka ukuthi kuyiqiniso kanjani ingabe le nkolelo kungaba, siyokwazi ukuthola ukuthi maduzane. Namuhla, abafundi bakwazi kuphela bajabule wehlise ukuqeqeshwa isikhathi.