Izinzuzo Social ochwepheshe abasebasha: inqubo yokuthola

Iziphathimandla Federal nawesifunda esungulwe izinzuzo nezinzuzo zezenhlalo ochwepheshe abasebasha. Bakhonza njengoba isisusa abaneziqu ukukhubazeka sokufundela tekucecesha. Esesizokuhlola oda yokukhokha ukuze abasha ochwepheshe imali ngezinto ezibonakalayo kwezinye izifunda.

izikhonzi umthetho

Okwamanje, ezingeni federal, isimo esicacile zokulawula ochwepheshe abasebasha akudingeki. Kukhona futhi akukho nekucondza ngalokufanako izinzuzo isimo. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, ulwazi oluthile eziqukethwe Article 70 se-Code Labour. Ngokuhambisana standard, umqashi Awukwazi ukusetha sesivivinyo abantu ukhululeka amanyuvesi kanye nezikhungo yesibili sokufundela esingaphansi konyaka odlule. Ngu TK nezifundiswa abasha akudingeki izinzuzo eziningi. A incazelo ecacile izinhlangano ukuthi bangathembela izinkokhelo kanye nolunye usizo lwezimali, umthetho engekho. Nokho, ngokusekelwe ukuhlaziywa iziqondiso ungakwazi ukuhlonza inombolo yezici, isakhamuzi kufanele awe phansi kwazo. abasha izakhamuzi yokukhokha onekhono, ngokukhethekile, ingafakwa:

1. Ubudala hhayi ngaphezu kweminyaka engu-35. Kwezinye izifunda, umkhawulo uneminyaka engu-30.
2. Ubani usuqede isikole lobuchwepheshe noma esikoleni esiphakeme noma ube imfundo ephakeme (wathola ke esikoleni esiphakeme, isimo sokugunyazwa lesi kokuba, kufomu yangaphakathi). Kwezinye izifunda, njengoba izimfuneko esungulwe ukuqeqeshwa saziso ibhajethi.
3. Ekufezeni imisebenzi ku ibhizinisi, etholakala isimo, kamasipala noma lesifunda nokuvikeleka.

usizo lwezezimali: ulwazi olujwayelekile

Nokulekelela izinyathelo kunqunywa izivumelwano imikhakha yeminyango. Uma sikhuluma amabhizinisi non-state, nokukhokhwa Ochwepheshe abasha Kwenziwa ngokuhambisana imithetho yangakini. Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okuningiliziwe ngokuthi izinzuzo eyayibekiwe umsebenzi kumele ayejwayele isivumelwano ngokuhlanganyela. Kwezinye izitshalo, izihlinzeko elawula isimo nezifundiswa abasha. Le mibhalo ucacise ngokuningiliziwe ngezimo ukuze kusetshenziswe imisebenzi enhlanganweni, usungula uhlu zokweseka, lemali lapho isisebenzi bangathembela. Izinhlinzeko futhi ezilungisiwe ngqo, lo mshini ukunikela isizo leemali.

Izici umkhawulo yobudala

nezifundiswa abasha lokukhokha, njengoba kuye kwashiwo, kunenkolelo ukuba izakhamuzi ngaphansi kweminyaka eyi-30-35. umbundu Maximum esungulwe kusifunda ngasinye ngokuzikhethela neziphathimandla ogunyaziwe. Kusukela ngosuku umsebenzi (ukusayinda isivumelwano nomqashi) ilungelo lokuba umfundi izolo izosebenza iminyaka engu-3. Thola okwesibili akunakwenzeka. Nokho, kwezinye izimo, bavunyelwe ukwandisa isikhathi isimo babengagwetshwa iminyaka engaze ibe 6. Lokhu kungenzeka uma abasha professional:

1. cwaningo postgraduate endaweni esigcwele iziqu umfundi.
2. Buciko okunye noma ukungenela inkonzo yezempi.
3. He is ikhefu ezihlobene nokukhulelwa kanye nokubeletha, ukunakekelwa for abasha.

zokweseka

Ngo-2012, umyalo kahulumeni kuphakanyiswe ukuba afihle lokho ayikho emthethweni, owawuthi ngenyanga yokuqala kusukela ngosuku umsebenzi manje babelwe isisusa inkokhelo ukuze ochwepheshe abasebasha. Ukulawulwa elihambisana kwavunyelwana kamuva ngenyanga. Umnqopho ukhiye yomthetho ukhonza ukuheha abantu abaye bathola okukhethekile ezithile ukusebenza kule mkhakha. Okwamanje, akukho zinyathelo iyunifomu ukusekela kuphothula. esifundeni ngasinye ngokuzimela ulawula kule ndawo, thatha iziqondiso ezifanele. Izinyathelo okuxhasa namhlanje:

1. Ilungiselelo imali engenanzalo ukuze ikhaya ngcono.
2. Inkokhelo eyisamba Ochwepheshe abasha.
3. ukubolekisa Soft noma uxhaso ukuthengwa / ukwakhiwa kwezindlu. Kwezinye izifunda, ubonelela ukuhlinzekwa kwezindawo yenkampani.
4. Nokubuyisela zokuthutha izindleko.
5. Nokubuyiselwa izindleko wokugcinwa izingane zasenkulisa. inkokhelo enjalo ochwepheshe abasebasha bayakwazi kancane noma ngokuphelele offset izindleko.

imikhakha lehamba embili

Lezi zihlanganisa imfundo kanye nokunakekelwa kwempilo. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, kwisifunda ngasinye, uma imigomo nemibandela ye ukuhlinzekwa ngezinto ezibonakalayo owayenguNobhala abathweswe iziqu. Ngokwesibonelo, e-Resolution Government of eMoscow ngo-March 23, 2004 enikeziwe izidingo ukukhokhelwa esiyakuqokwa onguchwepheshe abasha emfundweni ngaphansi kwazo:

1. Ubudala kuze kube iminyaka engama-35.
2. Diploma, Baccalaureate noma isikhungo sakho semfundo ephakeme.
3. Citizen kufanele uqale umsebenzi emkhakheni kungakadluli izinsuku ezingu-90 ngemuva kokuphela ukuqeqeshwa (iziqu).

Petersburg, Saratov esifundeni, eziningi nezinye izikhonzi umkhawulo yobudala -. Engu-30. Lokhu umkhawulo elimisiwe iziqondiso lesifunda. Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa esinembile mayelana nesimo nezifundiswa abasha, kanye nezinzuzo enikeziwe, kufanele afake isicelo emnyangweni sendawo uMnyango wezeMfundo emsebenzini noma lapho uhlala khona.

esibalulekile

Qaphela ukuthi uma isakhamuzi usebenza njengoba uthisha, abangenalo imfundo ekhethekile, futhi kulesi simo sekuyiminyaka esingaphansi 35, kubhekwa ukuba intern. Ngakho, umuntu unelungelo lokuthola izinzuzo enikeziwe. Ngokwesibonelo, le ndaba uthisha futhi degree omunye umsebenzi hhayi ohlobene nokufundisa. Leli akulona isizathu wayencisha isakhamuzi abasha isimo onguchwepheshe.

Izinkokhelo ochwepheshe abasebasha (abafundisi) ngo-2016 eSt

ezithile usizo lwezimali ngokunqaba umtsetfo lesifunda. Ngokusho kwakhe, akhonjwe okulandelayo inkokhelo yesikhathi esisodwa Ochwepheshe abasha:

1. 6 base amayunithi. Ukuze usizo olunjalo zezimali inelungelo lokufuna abasebenzi nge-diploma ye yesibili / ephakeme imfundo professional.
2. 8 Izingxenye eziyisisekelo. Le nkokhelo Ochwepheshe abasha qobo oqokiwe, uma idiploma nge-honours.

Inani lisisakhiwo isethwe eMthethweni Ibhajethi. Isenzo normative ubeka ukwanda lohleliwe ngobukhulu bayo. Ngakho, ukwanda kanye nokukhokhwa onguchwepheshe abasha (2016 - lisisakhiwo ruble 9174, 2017 th -. Ruble 9880, e-2018 -.. 10572 rbl). Ngaphezu kwalokho, unelungelo isinxephezelo 1/2 zokuthutha izindleko. Le nkokhelo yenyanga Uchwepheshe ethile ithola isabelo ngesicelo sakhe. Kuwufanele bethi isinxephezelo uncika bayizakhamuzi azifinyelelanga iminyaka engu-30, futhi akusebenzi amatekisi. Isicelo kufanele ungeniswe kumphatsi wesifundvo Social Security Authority noma division sendawo uMnyango wezeMfundo.

Moscow

Edolobheni siphinde sihlinzekele nezinhlelo ezihlanganisa ekukhokhweni othisha (nezifundiswa abasha) abamnyama. Ngokungafani Petersburg, eMoscow, isisebenzi bangathola premium angu-40 kuya Izinga Eminyakeni yokuqala emithathu wokusebenza. Uma sinesimo degree iziqu nge-honours, yena uncika 50% phezulu. Lapha kubalulekile ukuba acabangele elinye iphuzu elibalulekile. Lokhu eliqinisekisiwe asisebenzi umthwalo ezengeziwe. Ngokwesibonelo, isihloko lusebenza ku 1.5 Izinga. I eliqinisekisiwe lizokhokhiswa eyodwa kuphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abasha professional, ungathembela ibhekwa ka-15% izinga, uhlawula zohambo.

Uhlelo lwezempilo

Kule ndawo, inkokhelo nokuphakamisa nezifundiswa abasha kanye nezinye izinzuzo zinikezwa kuphela uma isakhamuzi uthunyelwa ukusebenza emaphandleni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uMthetho Federal №326 setha nalezi zidingo ezilandelayo:

1. Ubudala kuze kube iminyaka engama-35.
2. Igama elithi yesivumelwano nomqashi ezingeqile kwezingama-iminyaka engu-5.

usizo lwezezimali ukuze odokotela

Imithetho wo hlinzeka ezibekwe eMthethweni Federal №326. Inkokhelo eyisamba Ochwepheshe abasha abaqashwe emkhakheni wezempilo, kuyinto ruble 1 million. isamba okunjalo inikezwe bonke abasebenzi owafika emaphandleni. Ukuphakamisa izinkokhelo Ochwepheshe abasha eyenziwa ngaphansi kohlelo yokutholwa ezingeni sikahulumeni. Ibizwa ngokuthi "udokotela Zemsky". Ukuze uthole leli nani kuyadingeka ukuze isivumelwano ne iziphathimandla zendawo kwalesi sigodi, okuzoba imisebenzi okhokhelwayo. Isibonelelo ochwepheshe abatjha abazibandakanya kumiSebenzi emkhakheni wokunakekelwa kwezempilo kwenziwa uma diploma / ku. Ngesikhathi esifanayo isakhamuzi kumelwe usebenze iphrofayela yakhe. Umthetho umisa obunye isimo ukukhokhelwa sabelwe nezifundiswa abasha ngaphansi kwazo. I-oda ukunikeza usizo lwezimali senziwa kuphela uma kwenzeka ukuthi nowayekade engumfundi usayine inkontileka okungenani iminyaka engu-5. Uma ngasizathu simbe isakhamuzi unquma ukuhamba, ingxenye lemali etholwe kuye, kuyodingeka ukubuyela.

izindlu

Ngaphezu inkokhelo yemali, uMbuso sihlinzekela odokotela abasha endaweni abahlala. Lokhu kufezwa ngokushintsha ilungiselelo elandelayo:

1. Amakamelo okulala awabange.
2. Uxhaso ukuthengwa kwempahla noma isinxephezelo ingxenye yemali ebolekwayo (mortgage).
3. Land for ukwakhiwa.

Kufanele uqaphele ukuthi inani 1 million okubhekwe. Ngokuhambisana nomthetho, it is hhayi intela. Ngokusho imithetho, kufanele okuhloswe ngazo ukuthuthukisa izimo zokuphila. Ngokwesibonelo, ingasetshenziswa sokukhokha imali ebolekiwe, ezithathwe ebhange.

iziqinisekiso ezengeziwe

Kwezinye izifunda, iziphathimandla esihlose ephakamisa izinkokhelo Ochwepheshe abasha, ngaphezu labo esungulwe hlelo sikahulumeni. Ngokwesibonelo, e-Pskov esifundeni ohlwini izinhlangano ufaneleke ukuthola usizo lwezimali, kuhlanganise nabameleli wobuhlengikazi. Ababona, ngaphezu bephakamisa oshiwo ngenhla namanye yezinzuzo, ungathola:

1. 30 eziyinkulungwane. P. - abezimo eziphuthumayo kanye nabahlengikazi, kanye namasistimu okusebenza kule okuthunyelwe Midwifery - ayizinkulungwane 50 p ..
2. ayizinkulungwane 100. Hlikihla. - odokotela.

Esikhathini Rostov esifundeni abafundi ngaphambi Ukukhishwa izitifiketi bangathembela usizo lwezimali. Ngokwesibonelo, abafundi e-umfundi oneminyaka engu-4-6 of the nyuvesi wezokwelapha ukuthola isamba esengeziwe ukuze imifundaze yabo. yezokwelapha, zibuye banelungelo zokukhokha ku inani ayizinkulungwane 5. Per ngenyanga. Le mali ukhonza njengelungu kuphakamisa. Ukukhokhwa imali Kwenziwa kuye ngokuthi yini izifundo ukuze abafundise.

Abasebenzi yezinye sphere

Ezindaweni, ukwesekwa akuyona kuphela othisha abasha kanye nabasebenzi bezempilo. Ngo Novosibirsk, Nizhny Novgorod, izinhlelo Ufa uyingane yokutholwa, owawuthi usizo lwezimali lutholakala abasebenzi neminye imikhakha yentuthuko izikhathi ngonyaka eminyakeni emithathu. Kulezi zifunda, izamba ezilandelayo asethwe. Phakathi nonyaka wokuqala -. 40 ayizinkulungwane ngesekhondi - 35, i-eyesithathu - ayizinkulungwane 30 r .. Emadolobheni amakhulu (Petersburg, eMoscow) nenani ngezinto ezibonakalayo, yebo, ngenhla, kusukela ukubala Kwenziwa ecabangela izici ezihlukahlukene. Ngokwesibonelo, ukubaluleka izinga lokuphila endaweni, iholo elivamile endaweni, lapho abasebenzi baqashwe. Ngokwesibonelo, uthisha osemusha Petersburg ngesikhathi esifanayo ungathola ezingaphezu kuka-50 eziyinkulungwane. P.

imithetho design

Izinkokhelo Ochwepheshe nge izidingo ezifanele engenhla, abazenzi ngendlela ebekiwe ngumthetho. ilungiselelo eqondile ngezinto ezingokoqobo yisibopho umqashi, kusebenzisa abathweswe iziqu. Manual, okuhloswe ngaso inkanuko ukubandakanywa abasebenzi, akuyona intela. Ukuze iqhaza kuhlelo target kuyadingeka ukuze isivumelwano nenhlangano iminyaka 5. Ububanzi bemisebenzi we yisakhamuzi ngesikhathi esifanayo kufanele athobele okukhethekile akuthola.

imibhalo edingekayo

Ukuze ukugcwaliseka ilungelo lokuthola isisusa izinkokhelo nezinye izinzuzo professional osemusha wabhala incwadi ngqo nesikhathi ukuzibandakanya. Ngemva kwalokho, le nqubo ejwayelekile sokubhalisa. Umqashi uthi i-oda nokuqashwa nokuqokwa abasha izinkokhelo Uchwepheshe okuhambisanayo. Njengoba ojwayelekile, esenziwa ngo abasebenzi kumele ayejwayele imithetho yangakini ngaphansi imidwebo. Isicelo ubeka ikhophi abasha idiploma professional kanye nomsebenzi. Esikhathini okubonisa yakamuva usuku kusukela ngalo isakhamuzi uzasinikwa abasebenzayo kuleli ibhizinisi. Ngesisekelo le mibhalo akhiqizwa imihlomulo abasha, othisha kanye nezinye izifundiswa.

isiphetho

Njengoba kuboniswe ngenhla, ezingeni federal kuphela yokutholwa umthetho nohlaka ukuhlinzeka ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthola usizo lwezimali ochwepheshe abavela ezikhungweni zemfundo ezikhishwe esingaphansi konyaka odlule. Imisebenzi esemqoka ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo ezithile okubhekiswe ukusebenza kule izifunda kanye nomasipala. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi usizo lwezimali eyayingenziwa ukuze bathole ochwepheshe abasebasha hhayi kuphela izinhlangano kwesabelomali.

Noma yimuphi umqashi, kanye neNhloko ibhizinisi, has ngokubona ukusungula ukwesekwa ezathathwa abasebenzi. Ngesikhathi ikhandidethi okufanayo esihlalweni kumelwe futhi ihambisane nezidingo ezibekwe emthethweni. Ikakhulukazi, umbuzo ubudala, ukuba khona idiploma kanti isikhathi inkontileka.

ngosizo lwezimali nezifundiswa abasha ingenye yezindawo Inqubomgomo yasekhaya nomphakathi. Kulokhu, ezingeni federal, kwanqunywa ukuba uthumele amandla ukuqaliswa ngokushesha isimiso iziphathimandla lesifunda kanye lendawo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ku yezihloko komasipala iziphathimandla ezifanele lapho igunyaza iziqondiso acabangele sezwe, imibandela yokusebenza nezinye izici. Lokhu, ikuvumela ukuthuthukisa izinyathelo ezifanelekile endaweni ethile, ukuqinisekisa ukuthutheleka abasebenzi bafuna. Phela isisusa izinkokhelo uthola ochwepheshe abasebasha yanoma yimuphi umsebenzi.