Izifo nezindlala adrenal kwabesifazane: Izimpawu kanye Ukwelashwa

Uhlelo endocrine yakhelwe ukuqapha nokulawula umsebenzi wonke umzimba. Ikhwalithi ukusebenza kwawo kuxhomeke kulokho impilo yomuntu.

Kuyinto ohlelweni endocrine kanye nezindlala adrenal ukuphi. isifo sabo kungaholela emiphumeleni engathí sina. Cabangela lesi sihloko, esesikhundleni ngezimpawu zesifo adrenal. Ukwelashwa yalesi sifo kwabesifazane has izici zayo siqu.

umsebenzi adrenal

Ngaphambi esisingatha ngayo izimo pathologies yalezi nezindlala, kubalulekile ukuthola ukuthi yini indima yabo emzimbeni. It abhanqiwe sitho, itholakala ngemuva izinso esiswini. Uma sibheka ukwakheka kwazo zabo izakhiwo ezimbili ziyahlukaniswa: i medulla futhi cortex. Kubantu, izindlala adrenal imisebenzi ezibalulekile eziningana:

1. Cortex synthesizes hormone corticosterone futhi cortisol.
2. Lapha, e cortex adrenal, synthesis-hormone ocansini. Bona ngqo nomthelela ekwakhekeni ngezici ngokobulili yesibili. Uma abesifazane kukhona kumiswa ngokweqile la ma-hormone, kungenzeka ukuba agcine ukubonakala nezimpawu nobuntu amadoda.
3. Kuthiwa ama-hormone ekhiqizwa e cortex, ukulawula uketshezi electrolyte ibhalansi emzimbeni.
4. I medulla unesibopho synthesis adrenaline futhi noradrenaline. Zishukumisa imisipha yenhliziyo, ukwandisa igazi glucose, umfutho wegazi, dilates ze- bronchi.
5. Zonke hormone adrenal ukuze sikhuthaze ukusabela endleleni umzimba osabela ngayo izimo ezicindezelayo.

Zonke lezi imisebenzi eyenziwa nezindlala adrenal, uma umthetho noma yini umsebenzi wabo. Kodwa lokhu, ngeshwa, ingabe ngaso sonke isikhathi kwenzeke. Umsebenzi walo mzimba kungase siphukile, kodwa isikhathi kubalulekile ukuthola isifo se-nezindlala adrenal kwabesifazane. Izimpawu malula kubona uma okuseduzane ulalele emzimbeni wakho.

Nanoma yikuphi ukwephulwa emsebenzini walo mzimba babe ekhombisa zabo, kubalulekile ukuba banake kuwo esikhathini futhi uvakashele i endocrinology.

Izenzo zokugula we nezindlala adrenal kwabesifazane

Emzimbeni yabesifazane njengoba ngokweqile noma ukushoda hormone kuholela ukuphazamiseka izinhlelo isitho. Isinyathelo sokuqala zokugula enjalo ithinta ikhono sowesimame uzale ingane. Kodwa akagcinanga ngokubonisa isifo adrenal e abesifazane futhi izici ezilandelayo:

• Ukungabekezelelani elangeni, ngokuvamile kakhulu kubonakala ngesimo ilanga eqinile ngokweqile.
• ukucindezeleka njalo.
• Ubuhlungu esifubeni.
• Ivele izindawo ibala lesikhumba.

• Iphazamiseke umjikelezo wanyanga zonke.
• Wamabele iba ezincane, kanye esibelethweni.
• Kubonakala ebusweni nezinye izindawo induna isikhumba.
• clitoris Obama.

Ngisho noma ngabe unazo izimpawu ezimbalwa kuphela abesifazane kufanele uvakashele ngokushesha udokotela ukuthatha izinyathelo ezidingekayo ukuze kulungiswe inkinga. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi izimpawu zesifo i-adrenal, ukuze uxhumanise izimpawu ekhona ne zokugula lokhu sitho.

isifo adrenal kwabesifazane

Zonke odokotela bakholelwa ukuthi izinkinga emsebenzini walo mzimba kungaholela izinkinga zempilo ezingathi sína abesifazane. Ochwepheshe ngokuvamile ukhombe isifo elandelayo adrenal e nabesifazane abazenzo izimpawu kungenziwa waphawula:

1. Hyperaldosteronism. Nale zokugula emizimbeni synthesize kakhulu we aldosterone hormone.
2. Esingamahlalakhona we- cortex.
3. Hyperplasia adrenal.
4. Pheochromocytoma.
5. Androgenitalny syndrome ihlanganisa kwezinso azalwa naso amaningi.
6. Izimila nezindlala adrenal.
7. isifo Addison kwenzeka ingasaphathwa ngokuvamile kunamanye pathologies.
8. Cushing Syndrome.

Zonke lezi zifo abe izizathu zabo sokuthuthukisa izimpawu. Izifo nezindlala adrenal kwabesifazane sihlole kabanzi ngezansi.

Ziyini izimpawu hyperaldosteronism

Lokhu zokugula kuyinto amafomu zamabanga aphansi naphezulu. Kubonakaliswa ukuthuthukiswa ngcono cortex we aldosterone adrenal. Odokotela yezizathu ezilandelayo sokuthuthukisa isimo esinjalo:

• izifo Isibindi ezifana isifo sokusha.
• ukuvuvukala Okungalapheki nezinso.
• ukuhluleka Inhliziyo.
• Ifomu yesibili kwenzeka lapho eyinhloko awuzange waphulukisa ngokugcwele.

Hyperaldosteronism owabonakaliswa zimpawu ezilandelayo:

• ubuthakathaka Jikelele kanye muscle.
• ikhanda njalo.
• Ukukhathala.

• Ukuhlaselwa zenzeka palpitations njalo.
• Usuku ivelele umchamo kakhulu.
• Kubantu, ukoma njalo.
• Uma ukuhlolwa kwegazi, ekubonisa ukwehla kwe-calcium.
• izindawo ndikindiki ethile yomzimba.
• ukuquleka njalo.

Njengoba nje kukhona isici isimo ezifana nesifo adrenal, izimpawu, ukwelashwa, abesifazane kufanele uqale ngokushesha. Isinyathelo sokuqala ukushabalalisa zokugula, okuyinto eyaba imbangela yalesi sifo.

esingamahlalakhona Adrenocortical

Ngokuvamile, i-pathology okwenziwa ngamanye amazwe isifo emzimbeni. Isizathu salokhu kubhekwa:

• Ukunqotshwa kwe-pituitary anterior.
• Necrosis of pituitary indlala.
• Izimila.
• Izifo ezithathelwanayo.

ukuhluleka manifest we- cortex elandelayo zimpawu:

1. Asthenia.
2. Isiguli azizwa ukuwohloka abukhali.
3. Ngokucijile iqala ukuba wehlise isisindo emzimbeni.
4. Ukungakuthandi ukudla.
5. Ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo nokuhlanza.
6. Ivele izindawo ibala lesikhumba.
7. A ukwehla komfutho wegazi, engesiyo amenable ukuba ukwelashwa.
8. Sezinyawo semfene.
9. ukugeleza ezinkulu umchamo ebusuku.
10. Kwehlisa amazinga igazi glucose.

Uma liphinyiselwe izimpawu zabo yesifo adrenal, impatho onikezwa ngesimo glucocorticoid futhi mineralocorticoid.

Hyperplasia adrenal

Ngokuvamile, lokhu zokugula is esingokwemvelo, kuhambisana ingcaca ukukhiqizwa cortisol. Ochwepheshe bakubiza ngokuthi lokhu imbangela isimo isifo: kwezakhi. Kungaba avuse lutho.

Lokhu zokugula kuzibonakalisa kanje:

• Ivela hyperpigmentation liphinyiselwe we zangasese zangaphandle.
• Virilization.
• Too ekuseni eqala ukukhula uboya ikhwapha futhi izinwele pubic.
• Induna esikhumbeni.
• I amantombazane aqala ukuya esikhathini kamuva.

Nalesi sifo, ekuhlonzweni kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthatha izinyathelo ezifanele ekusebenzeni kahle emzimbeni.

Indlela azibonakali izimila adrenal

Ngokuvamile lokhu umzimba izimila kukhona uhlobo ingozi. Izimbangela ngqo Namanje ingasethiwe, kodwa umsebenzi kwama-hormone ngesikhathi isimila, olubizwa nangokuthi pheochromocytoma, ngokuthi ashaywe ezilandelayo:

• yegilo Oncology.
• izifo lefundo nge angahlangani azalwa naso imithambo cerebral igazi, isikhumba, iso igobolondo.
• zamagama ngokweqile i-hormone parathyroid.

Nale zokugula kungabonakala nasemkhakheni zimpawu ezilandelayo yesifo adrenal kwabesifazane (isithombe sikhombisa omunye wabo):

1. High blood pressure.
2. Disturbed inhliziyo isigqi.
3. Kukhona ubuthakathaka bemisipha.
4. nesifiso sokufuna njalo yokugezela ebusuku.
5. Ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo nokuhlanza kukhona abangane njalo yomuntu.
6. Ukujuluka.
7. Ngibanjwe.
8. Ukuwohloka ukubukeka kwangaphandle isiguli.
9. Ukundindizela njalo futhi Ukugodola.
10. Ukoma emlonyeni.

Kuye onjani isifo umbukiso izimpawu of nezindlala adrenal kwabesifazane, futhi inikezwa yokwelapha.

isifo Addison sika

Njengoba zokugula adrenals yekani synthesize isamba elanele cortisol. Izizathu kwale mibandela elandelayo:

1. Ukunqotshwa kwe-endocrine nezindlala sofuba.
2. Ukwephulwa ngenxa nokuchayeka kumakhemikhali.
3. esingamahlalakhona adrenal.
4. izinqubo sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba.

Izimpawu zalesi ukugqagqana isifo nezinye pathologies:

• Inhliziyo iqala ukushaya ngokushesha.
• Ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo nokuhlanza.
• Inciphisa blood pressure.
• Ukwephula kwesitulo.
• Ukwehla elibukhali isisindo emzimbeni.
• Ukukhathala kwenzeka.
• Vuma inkumbulo nokunaka.
• Nezinwele kwenzeka axillary nezindawo pubic.
• Kwehliswe libido.

Ukubonakaliswa Cushing Syndrome

Ngokuvamile lokhu zokugula ukuthola ukubukeka neoplasms ezahlukene nezindlala adrenal noma izitho eduze. Phakathi izimpawu zalesi sifo zihlanganisa lokhu okulandelayo:

• Ngo abesifazane ekuthuthukiseni ukugcwala uhlobo besilisa.
• Kukhona yoma futhi ubuthaka imisipha.
• ukucindezeleka unomphela.
• ikhanda njalo.
• Capillary babe ethambile, ngakho nemihuzuko emzimbeni.
• Imihuzuko.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ayehlala ezindlini zokugula noma ukuthuthukisa ekuhlonzweni kubaluleke kakhulu izifo adrenal.

Indlela ukuqaphela isifo adrenal

Ukuze lesi sifo kwazo lezi zitho, odokotela kukhona sonke arsenal of izindlela. Uma kukhona izimpawu zesifo i-adrenal kwabesifazane, "Kungenzeka kanjani ukuthi ngibe hlola zokugula?" - umbuzo wokuqala. Lapho evakashele owesifazane endocrinology buza fuza lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo izifundo:

1. Ukuze udlulisele ukuhlaziywa egazi noma omchamo.
2. Ibhekane amaskeni kazibuthe.
3. tomography ngekhompyutha ngeke engadingekile.
4. Yenza -X ray Yekhanda, ukusetha ubukhulu indlala pituitary.
5. Ibhekane-hormone okuthiwa i ukuhlolwa.
6. X-ray of the nohlaka lwamathambo kuzovumela ukusungula khona kwamathambo.
7. indlela Wanamuhla uphethwe luhlolo radiology, okuyinto wenza sikwazi ukuthola ulwazi ngesimo kanye nokusebenza nezindlala adrenal.

Safunda ngokuningiliziwe izifo nezindlala adrenal kwabesifazane. Izimpawu, uphethwe lezi pathologies kuxoxwa ngazo esihlokweni. It uhlala ukuphenya yokwelapha izifo isitho.

Ukwelashwa izifo adrenal

Inselele ebhekene odokotela lapho uzingela zokugula adrenal, kuba ukubuyisela amazinga evamile yama-hormone. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuba iwukudambisa zonke okuyizici ezinomthelela sifo. Iziguli belulekwa ukuba:

1. izidakamizwa kwama-hormone, kodwa ngokuqinile ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela futhi zemithi ebekiwe futhi imithamo. Lokhu ukwelashwa ezinqunyiwe kuphela ngemva luhlolo egcwele.
2. It is evame ukunikezwa imithi elwa-viral anti-virus.
3. amavithamini Iwusizo namaminerali.
4. Kubalulekile kakhulu ukuba banake ekudleni kwakho.
5. Ahole indlela yokuphila enempilo, ukuchitha isikhathi esengeziwe ngaphandle futhi ezihambayo.
6. Zamani ukugwema izimo ezicindezelayo.

Uma zonke izinyathelo Kunconywa nezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezivamile ungazange ayithelanga elamukelekile, kanye nezifo ze-nezindlala adrenal kwabesifazane ukutshengisa izimpawu zayo, kubalulekile iphendukele ngosizo udokotela ohlinzayo.

adrenalectomy

Ngu ukuhlinzwa is yakhetha kuphela ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu lapho yokwelapha i-hormone akuzange imiphumela oyifunayo. Sikhishwe kungase ubunjalo zokugula zisuswe oyedwa noma yibo bobabili nezindlala adrenal. Odokotela Abahlinzayo zisebenzisa izindlela ezimbili:

1. Traditional. Bahlinza besisu, a imbobo encane, uma isimila encane - ngemuva, esifundeni lumbar. Ukuze izimila ezinkulu kufanele wenze imbobo enkulu esiswini.
2. indlela Endoscope idinga i operation usebenzisa endoscope okuyinto wethula imbobo ku esiswini noma emuva. Le ndlela kunezinzuzo zako:

• Isiguli kungase ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ukuya ekhaya.
• ukulimala okuncane.
• Baqasheke kubuyiselwa amasonto 2-3.
• Akukona ahlale izibazi ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
• Umbhede ukuphumula - ngosuku nje olulodwa.

Uma omunye kususa indlala adrenal, ngokuvamile kabanzi ngezimpawu zesifo kungenziwa ukhohliwe, kodwa ectomy kokubili zibekelwe isikhathi esithile ukuthatha ama-hormone.

Endocrine nezindlala ibalulekile kakhulu ukusebenza evamile umzimba wethu. Noma yimuphi zokugula yabo lowomuntu kumuntu kumele kudingeke ukuba avume ukwelashwa ezanele ngaphansi kokuqondisa uchwepheshe abanekhono. Okuwukuphela kwendlela ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwazo zonke izinhlangano isitho imodi evamile.