IVF Ingakanani? Kwesibeletho fertilization: umtholampilo

Imibhangqwana eminingi ebhekene nenzalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungaba kokubili njengabesifazane kanye wesilisa. Ngemva uchungechunge imizamo akuphumelelanga ukuxazulula le nkinga, abanye beza isidingo indlela enjalo zobuchwepheshe sokunqoba ukungazali, njengoba kwesibeletho fertilization.

Umqondo "kwesibeletho fertilization"

IVF noma IVF, - entsha okusezingeni eliphezulu sokunqoba indlela bobunjwa eziyinkimbinkimbi kokubili ukungazali kwabesifazane nabesilisa, anabamemezeli kwesibeletho fertilization ka ova (ngaphandle kwesibeletho) futhi kamuva cultured (likhule) kanye ukufakelwa (ukudlulisa) umbungu phakathi komgodi lesizalo.

I yimpumelelo IVF umzamo sokuqala senzeka ngo-1978 eNgilandi. Manje le ndlela kwandile, naphezu kushuba okusezingeni eliphezulu yayo izindleko, ngakho-ke, umbuzo kungakanani IVF, ekujabulisayo imibhangqwana eminingi engenabantwana, kulapho ukuthi nekusebenta le ndlela imayelana 30-35%, ngakho ungase udinge inqubo ezingaphezu kweyodwa ukufeza umphumela oyifunayo.

Izinkomba for yokusizwa

Ngo kokukhulelwa kwesibeletho ingenye zokwelapha eyinkimbinkimbi kunazo kanye namafomu untreatable ukungabi nenzalo. Isetshenziselwa lapho ezinye izindlela sokunqoba izifo ezifana ayizwakali.

Njengoba inkomba ngokuphelele for yokusizwa aphathe ukungazali esibeletho, lapho enyakaziswa permeability kuzo ngemibhobho fallopian, futhi akunakwenzeka ukuthi ayibuyisele. Okusho ukuthi, uma kukhona ukuvuvukala, elihlobene ne Izifo ukuvuvukala kwezitho okhalo, noma abakaki oyedwa noma bobabili amashubhu fallopian, kunengqondo ukucabanga ngakho, lapho ukwenza IVF.

Okunye okubonisa iyona ukungazali immunological elihlobene ne ukuthuthukiswa omzimba womuntu wesifazane ezibhubhisa lesidoda uzakwethu esithile sobulili, ngakho uma ufuna ukuba nomntwana ngokuhlanganyela has iphendukele IVF.

Kuvele isikhathi ukuthola ukuthi kubiza malini IVF kungaba, futhi ukungabi nenzalo wesilisa kakhulu ekuthuthukeni anenombolo enganele isidoda noma inombolo encane isidoda ofanele kuwo. Kunoma ikuphi, ngaphandle kwesibeletho fertilization esigabeni sokugcina zonke izindlela zokuxilonga nokwelapha, alingeniswanga umphumela kulindeleke.

Ayihlobene ne ukwelashwa ukungazali ukuze IVF kukhona izifo ezingathi sína kwababhemayo lezinceku ezifana cystic fibrosis noma hemophilia. Kulokhu kungenzeka ukusebenzisa donor nesidoda okunikelwe ukuvikela inzalo lezi pathologies.

Izimo

Naphezu umbono ukuthi IVF ingasetshenziswa kuzo zonke izimo lapho kukhona kwesibeletho enempilo, kukhona eziningi Izimo kule nqubo. Lezi zihlanganisa ukuba khona ukugula okungathi sína komzimba nokwengqondo, kuyinto contraindication sokuhlela ukuzalwa, kombungu esizalweni noma sengozini atholwe kwesibeletho, okuyinto ukuvimbela kuhlasela futhi bephethe sokukhulelwa. Akwamukelekile lokufeza IVF ngemihlume wesibeletho kanye ingozi lesizalo izimila ezidinga ukwelashwa op, kanye izimila abulalayo kwanoma iyiphi kwasendaweni, ngisho noma zisusiwe. Futhi kuhlehliswa kokukhulelwa kwesibeletho ekuthuthukiseni kwanoma iyiphi izifo sibi ukuvuvukala. Ngakho-ke, ekuqaleni kuka ukwazi ukuthi ibiza malini IVF, uma kukhona noma iyiphi inkathazo emzimbeni, ngaphezu ukungazali sitholakale.

Amalungiselelo insemination yokufakelwa

Inqubo kwesibeletho fertilization eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi isikhathi esiningi futhi kudinga nemizamo yochwepheshe eziningi kanye nesineke. Le ndlela kuhilela izinyathelo eziningi, okuyinto ziyehluka okuncike isifo othize, ngakho ukuziphatha kwakhe, kusukela ucwaningo iziguli nesiphetho isikhashana nesenzakalo noma okungezona sokukhulelwa, ithatha unyaka nesigamu ezinyangeni ezimbili. Ngakho-ke, ngaphezu kokuthola ulwazi, ukuthi kubiza malini ukwenza IVF, udinga isineke nokukholelwa lokhu kwakuyoba nomphumela omuhle.

Ngaphambi IVF nesineke ulindele inani kokuvivinywa izindlela zokuxilonga ezifana ultrasound, amazinga ukuhlolwa kwegazi ne-hormone okuthiwa khona-AIDS, i-hepatitis kanye nogcunsula, amadoda ahlale isidoda ukuhlaziywa. ukuhlolwa okunjalo ulindela imibhangqwana kakade liye kwatholakala ukungazali, futhi bekwenziwa imizamo kokuphatha noma insemination yokufakelwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zingase sasabela ku ukuhlola izifo zofuzo. Uma umndeni wasondela okokuqala, kungase kudingeke ukuba pre-enze noma yimuphi nezinqubo zezokwelapha noma imisebenzi, ezifana ukulungiswa we-hormone, asike izidumbu zabantu ka ukuvuvukala, ukwelapha izifo urogenital, nokunye, lapho ube mude kakhulu ukulungiselela IVF.

Izigaba ngaphandle kwesibeletho fertilization

Ngemva inhlolovo iqala inqubo IVF ngokwayo, ehlanganisa izigaba eziningana, eyokuqala kuyoba inqubo ukukhuthazwa nge-ovulation. Lokhu injongo kufinyelelwa ejenti hormone ntombazane nokuvuthwa of follicle eziningana, okuyinto ngezinye izikhathi kwandisa amathuba ukuhoxisa kanye zalisa esibelethweni efanelekayo. Futhi kukhona imibungu eziningana enempilo kwandisa amathuba okukhulelwa, kusukela iphinde itshalwe imibungu nakakhulu ngoba sokukhulelwa kungabangela ukukhubazeka okukhulu kungenzeki. izidakamizwa kwama-hormone iqondiswa amasonto amabili, aqaphelisise isimo isiguli, ngoba, kuye ngokuthi indlela ayisebenzisayo kungenzeka ezinye izinkinga komzimba nezinto wesibeletho hyperstimulation syndrome, esizibonakalisa ukuvuvukala futhi ubuhlungu besisu.

Ngemva ekuxilongweni umzimba wentombi ukulungele ukuya isinyathelo esilandelayo - the wokubhoboza of follicle for egg iqoqo. Le nqubo, ngokuba namanje imisebenzi emincane, kwenziwe izimo sinenkonzo yokunakekela iziguli emakhaya ngosuku olulodwa. Lokhu zokukhwabanisa kwenziwa kusetshenziswa indlela yokubulala izinzwa (ngokuvamile ezisetshenziswa yesikhathi esifushane izinzwa ngomjovo) ngaphansi kolawulo ultrasound hardware.

Ukuhlanganisa amaqanda nesidoda futhi uhlakulele umbungu-embriologists eyenziwa lapho lab odokotela ekhethekile, kudinga ukutholakala imishini zobuchwepheshe. Ngemva bayashintshana ekufukameleni, imibungu zingakapheli izinsuku 2-4, basuke adluliselwe esibelethweni, okuyinto inqubo elula kakhulu futhi ephephile yawo wonke eyinkimbinkimbi IVF. Ngemva kubalulekile ukugcina ukuphathwa mnene, zama ukugwema ukuhlala ucindezelekile ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo, mhlawumbe ngisho elikhiphe ilivu yokugula. ngemibungu engasetshenziswanga zivaliwe kubuchwepheshe ekhethekile, futhi kungaba podsazheny okwengeziwe kwesibeletho, uma umzamo wokuqala akuphumelelanga. Ngaphambi spiking inqubo imibungu esibelethweni wahlola i-ahlukahlukene yabo chromosomal okwedlulele kombungu nezifo, bese ukhetha ofanele kakhulu yenzeka.

Ngemva iphinde itshalwe imibungu nesineke ithola izidakamizwa ezisiza ukugcina sokukhulelwa futhi kuzovikela ukwenqaba imibungu. Ukwelapha okunjalo Kwenziwa ngaphambi isiqinisekiso okukhulelwa noma ngaphambi kokuqala kokuya esikhathini esilandelayo, uma umzamo akuphumelelanga.

Izindleko kwesibeletho fertilization

Manje e-Russia kukhona abangaphezu kwekhulu imitholampilo nasekuvezeni izithombo zaso ezintsha izikhungo ukuthi angafeza ukwenza inqubo enjalo. Cishe zonke isikhungo lesifunda, ungathola ejensi ukuze bayothola ukwelashwa ukungazali ngokusebenzisa IVF. Ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuthi kungakanani IVF e Moscow, ukufuna engabizi inketho esifundazweni. Izindleko kwesibeletho fertilization siqukethe izinto eziningi, kuye ngokuthi inqubo, futhi intengo izidakamizwa esetshenziswa. Ngokwesilinganiso, inqubo IVF kuzodinga ruble ayizigidi 120-190. Uma uhlela ukusebenzisa impahla lokuthi yofuzo, intengo kuyokhula.

Ukuqhuba IVF khulula

Kusukela 2006, waqala isimiso zokuziphatha mahhala ngaphandle kwesibeletho fertilization, njengoba yayibizwa kanjalo kufakwe uhlu zobuchwepheshe ukunakekelwa kwezokwelashwa, ngezimali isabelomali sikahulumeni. Sebenzisa usizo ingaba noma yisiphi isakhamuzi we Russian Federation nge inkomba yokwelashwa engafanele. Nokho, ezingeni lesifunda, iziphathimandla zendawo kungenzeka ukuthi abeke imikhawulo yobudala noma izinhlobo ukungazali, lapho uzokwazi ukusizakala khulula inqubo IVF. Ngokwesibonelo, ensimini ka eMoscow nesifunda isethwe eneminyaka engu-38 ubudala kuze kufinyelele lapho ungakwazi ubheke ibhajethi uhlelo IVF, futhi basebenzisa yona akukho izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka ezimbili. Futhi-ke akayinekezi IVF khulula nezimpahla ezinikelwe, kulesi simo kungenzeka co-ngezimali: tembuso kutawuhlala ukukhokhela izindleko zokuhlinzwa kwakho uqobo, futhi impahla donor kuthengwa yisiguli.

Ukuze uthole lesisho mahhala IVF soiskatelnits Sidlulisa endleleni enzima. Lena inhlolovo ezahlukene ukusungula izimbangela ukungazali kanye nokusungulwa iphakheji elikhulu amadokhumenti, olungena i ikhomishana okukhethekile ku ukusatshalaliswa izindawo isabelomali izibhedlela, ohlelweni IVF khulula.

I-quota for yokusizwa

Kuze kube manje, abantu abashadile abazama dream ukuba nomntwana, kodwa abakwazi ukukwenza ngenxa yezizathu yezokwelapha, kungenzeka ukuba afeze inqubo eqolo of insemination yokufakelwa kusukela isabelomali sikahulumeni ngaphansi inqubomgomo MLA. Minyaka yonke lwabelwe inombolo ethile quota ukuthi basakazwa phakathi kwazo zonke izifunda. Inani la izibonelelo ungambozi izidingo zeziguli e usizo zobuchwepheshe ukuqeda ukungabi nenzalo, ngakho-quota eco kuyohlale kuyiphupho omazisayo ngemibhangqwana eminingi.

Ezinye izifunda of Russia ngaphezu kwalokho kwethulwa yokupaka khulula sokufeza e kokukhulelwa kwesibeletho, ngezimali isabelomali wendawo. Ngakho-ke, le ndlela yokunquma sokunquma ingress iziguli ohlelweni, ingahluka kakhulu phakathi izifunda, futhi ube umehluko kusuka izidingo jikelele sikahulumeni.

IVF eMoscow

E-Moscow namuhla, imitholampilo ezingaphezu kuka-50 ukunikela IVF. Ngakho kunzima ngokwanele ukuba akhethe okuhle. Kungenzeka ukugxila izindleko inqubo, noma ukulandela izincomo udokotela ukuba khona noma nabangane nabantu obajwayele, njengoba futhi ziqu eliphezulu izisebenzi, futhi khona imishini ephezulu aziqinisekisi ecasula osekukade sokukhulelwa, nakuba kwandisa amathuba okuthi ke.

Kunzima ukuphendula ngokuqondile umbuzo angakanani IVF e Moscow, ngoba intengo yakhiwa izinto eziningi, kuye ngokuthi ifomu ukungabi nenzalo. Ngokwesibonelo, kokukhulelwa ne isidoda noma amaqanda okunikelwe ezinikelwe kuzodinga imali eningi. ukwandisa Futhi izindleko ukusetshenziswa okunjalo nezinqubo zobuchwepheshe like INSI, okuyinto abazalwa ngamaqanda nesidoda okwanikelwa yokufakelwa kuphela isidoda ukuthi kungenzeka iyadingeka nge abampofu kakhulu izinga isidoda.

Izindleko izidakamizwa akufakwanga intengo-uhlu izinhlelo, kuyodingeka ngokwehlukana bachitha isilinganiso ruble ayizigidi 40-60. Ngokuvamile, IVF kudingeka babe ama-ruble ayizigidi 150-190 ngoba komunye umjikelezo ukwelashwa. ukwelashwa okuphindaphindayo Livamise izaphulelo.

IVF Petersburg

Kuningi lezibhedlela anikeza izinkonzo zabo ukuze inzuzo ngaphandle kwesibeletho fertilization. Izindleko IVF Petersburg zingase zishintshe kakhulu. umtholampilo ngamunye unikeza yayo amaphasela software ikuvumela ukuthi ukhethe iqoqo izifundo kanye nezinqubo ngamunye pair ethize.

Ngokwesibonelo, emtholampilo Euromed ngaphandle kwesibeletho uhlongoza IVF ngoba ama-ruble ayizigidi 52 (intengo ngaphandle izindleko cwaningo, iseluleko isazi futhi zithole imithi kudingekile). Ngenxa yalokho, nabezhit inani ruble ayizigidi 110-120 for ngaphandle kwesibeletho fertilization. Imitholampilo unganikela futhi uhlelo izaphulelo noma izitolimende kodwa kunemidanti namanje uhlala ezingafinyeleleki kwabesifazane abaningi abangakwazi ayakhulelwa ngendlela evamile.

Ngakho, singasho ukuthi IVF indlela ephumelela kakhulu ukuba banqobe amafomu okunzima ukungazali, naphezu kwezindleko nomsebenzi omkhulu, unikeza ithemba emindenini eminingi ukuthola inzalo.