Isifingqo "Amanothi we Madman." Ukucabanga ku indaba by Nikolai Gogol

Isihloko lesi sihloko kungaba kulula ngangokunokwenzeka, ungumuntu othanda emfushane futhi ejwayelekile: ". Diary of a Madman" Executive Summary ". Gogol Nokho, isimo sengqondo esinjalo akufanele. Yena - a Classic, ngakho ukufuna futhi uthole emibhalweni fresh imicabango yakhe eziwubala - kunemivuzo. Kungani efika ukubhala le ndaba?

Uma "Ntambama kwi Ipulazi edude Dikanka" UNikolai wabhala ukuthi uyazithanda, e "Diary of a Madman," usho akahlekwa nokuthile ababengambeka ayelengela, kodwa ke cha priemlela kuye "ngumphefumulo ophilayo."

Gogol - connoisseur zomhlaba bureaucratic

Amabili nanhlanu Nikolay vasilevich Gogol wayazi ngaphakathi ukuphila kwabaningi bababusi ngobala Petersburg mathupha. Yena ngokwakhe wafika emzini ka-Petra womile ngokushesha ngokunqoba tetemibhalo, kwadingeka lidonse isikhathi esithile. Ngemdlandla umsebenzi olusemthethweni akabange esayibangela, kunalokho, sabona ubuze lo "ukuphila igundane." Kodwa Gogol kwakungelona zakudala, ngaphandle kokwenza lemonade aphume ulamula ayinikezwa ukudalelwa.

umbhali Supervisory, ekubeni ngaphakathi ehhovisi St Petersburg, wabutha impahla kute kubhalwe indzaba. Isifingqo "Amanothi we Madman" iyona lesi sihloko esisekelwe kuwo.

Imininingwane kawonkewonke mayelana nomkhiqizo

Indaba kulotshiwe ngesimo idayari siqu protagonist, umabhalane encane, umabhalane omkhulu eMnyangweni Aksentije Ivanovich Poprishchin. It has no izahluko. Kukhona ecacile irekhodi usuku (11), balandela kusuka 3 Okthoba kuya ku-8 Disemba. Ngemuva zivele njengoba okufakiwe abhalwe Ukuhlelwa kwezenzakalo ingaphazamisi isizathu (okwamanje 9). "Inkathi Mad" iqala kusukela 43 April 2000, uyaqhubeka e martoktyabre ke "usuku ezingenasibalo", omunye enyangeni khulula, inani izinyanga khulula neminyaka, nokunye. D. Nokho, ngezinye izikhathi kunezindlela kule indiza fantasy elithi "Februwari" kunikeza nathi isizathu abanye bakholelwa ukuthi entry lokugcina zazenzela ngo-February, kulandela ukuqala idayari konyaka.

Ngakho, Kufinyeta okungenhla:

1. Unconventionally kulotshiwe ukuthi: "Diary of a Madman." Amazwibela izahluko yalo msebenzi, ngakho akunakwenzeka ukubhala (izahluko).
2. Diary ihlanganisa inkathi mania okuqhubekayo Poprishchin ubukhulu izinyanga ezingaphezulu kwe-5. Yena iqala ukubonakala ukusangana (ukukhuluma izinja), futhi iphela ukubekwa kwakhe endaweni ukunyakazisa iminwe.

Uzungu kwendaba

Isifingqo "Amanothi we Madman" kufanele uqale kusukela 03.10.1833, lapho Poprischin ukubukela ewindini iKhabhinethi ukuba nemvula, eyabonakala aphume Umqeqeshi ubona nokungena uMnyango isakhiwo abasha indodakazi engashadile ka kumqashi wakhe, uSophie. Yena kuletha naye Magee inja ongena phakathi nengxoxo nomunye inja - Fidelkoy kulandela abesifazane ababili ngidlula. Girl like umabhalane abampofu.

Umxhwele, ishiya igumbi, kulandele ladies, futhi uyazi ukuthi bahlala Kokushkin ibhuloho endlini Zverkov phansi 5th. By endleleni, ikhaya real:-ke wahlala phezu ajwayelekile inkonzo ngokuhlanganyela Gogol olusemthethweni.

Kuyini le ndaba? Isifingqo "Amanothi we Madman" e intshumayelo yethu kulandela logic elandisayo yale zakudala: uthando sekukhona ubhubhisa ngokuphelele lo mlisa wayehlale kakade liyahlanya kusukela bahilizisane collective ukukhungatheka esingenathemba zabasebenzi, ubumpofu nokungabi nathemba.

Kodwa ake sibuyele logic of indaba Gogol sika. Ngosuku olulandelayo, lapho umlingisi losemcoka ngokuvamile ahlanze kanye nokulungisa kwezibaya phezu kwedeski ye kumqashi wakhe, induna umnyango, isifundo lonke okufanayo, uSophie. Ukukhulisa saya iduku wakhe, Poprischin kakade azizwa ngokucacile uthando.

Yena uqala ngenyanga ezayo, hhayi ukuzilawula ngokwabo, ukunikeza le ntombazane engenangqondo of ukunakwa. INhloko yoMnyango ebanjwa kuye ngoba futhi emiswa. Kodwa lovestruck akagcini. Wazibuza uma Sophie uyazwelana nayo uthando.

isitayela esingalawuleki isethulo Gogol Ubuningi bamahora bazivumelanisa ubuntu protagonist. UNikolai replay akunakwenzeka, kodwa thina sibe imigomo enjalo phambi azinalo. isifinyezo indaba "Diary of a Madman," kuphawula imininingwane uhlanya logic. Wadida Aksenty futhi enlists kosizo izinja ngenhla (okuningi njengoba abangane bakhe encwadini!).

Ekuqaleni, engena endlini ye boss yakhe ngethemba ukuthola kusuka Magee okuthile uSophia, kodwa inja nesu lokungacunuli esasile buthule. Khona-ke Poprischin Zverkov ngibe sendlini, lapho embhedeni Fidelki uthola ezilahliwe izinhlamvu zidabukile. "Brilliant" Poprishchin ingqondo uyaqonda ukuthi le ukuxhumana ngenhla izinja ezimbili ezincane, okuyinto empeleni yayo iyafana inhlebo ladies '. Kusukela izinhlamvu umabhalane abampofu ifunda izindaba ezimbi: kumqashi wakhe waklonyeliswa at Sofia has a ukubukwa elisekelwe umnumzana igumbi lokulala ukushisa, naye abone kuye ngisho ne indida, ukubhuqa futhi evulekile, ebiza "ufudu in a xhoxha."

Ukuzama ukuphazamisa Aksenty ofunda amaphephandaba. Nokho, umphumela kuba okuphambene: unrequited uthando , kuyindida ukuthi kumenza ngokujulile ukuze usinde (ngokusobala, kukhona ubuntu yokuhlukanisa) le renunciation sesihlalo sobukhosi, uyiNkosi ka-Spain. Uzihlanganisa yedwa le nkosi. Lesi sifo likhona megalomania. Yena ngemva kokunyamalala lwamasonto amathathu besuka lo mkhuba uya emsebenzini, kodwa liziphatha ngendlela engafanele (nkosi ngoba isithunzi akusho kwesaziso umqondisi uMnyango khona). On amaphepha ukusebenza ubeka phansi isignesha yakhe entsha - "uFerdinand VIII». Khona-ke uJehova 'uyiNkosi Spain "ukweqa emzini UZandile ukumambula kuye imizwa yakhe wafinyelela esiphethweni zefilosofi ukuthi izintokazi ku-akhawunti enkulu, kodwa izici yayinhle.

Ngemva kwalokho, umuntu ogulayo esibhedlela, kodwa kayisuye uyakuqaphela okwenzeka, ucabangela waziphuca iziguli uyahlanya ekhaya by nabahlonishwa iSpanishi futhi sizibuza ukuthi kungani bayanqotshwa ngezinduku.

Izimpikiswano mayelana isitayela kombhali

Isihloko sethu akusho nje ukudalula isifinyezo sezinto "Amanothi we Madman." Okusemqoka ukuthi umkhiqizo senziwa. Mhlawumbe usuke ulifunde. I protagonist, umabhalane omkhulu uMnyango Aksenty Ivanovich Poprishchin iwela esimweni ezishintshwe ukwazi (uhlushwa imicabango yokuzakhela ka bemibuso), evumela ukuthi Gogol umlomo ziqondiswe ziqondiswe ezicashile bureaucratic ukuqonda umhlaba, nge emangalisayo amandla kwezobuciko ukumklolodela ngokuba yize imiphefumulo, "e inkonzo omkhulu ngokubabazekayo". Indaba efakiwe, ngaphezu umlingisi losemcoka, ezintathu ngendlela ngempela esasenza izikhulu ngobala - Petrushevycha, Schneider, Kaplunov. Petrushevich Gogol nozwela ngoba uziphatha ngendlela efanele phakathi isimo senhlalo: akayena walker ukuba amabhola ukuze "ihhovisi plankton XIX leminyaka" futhi "bostonchiki". Kukhona Zakatischeva kabi grafter. Isithombe uSophie sika kuyindida, yena "dings emphefumulweni ezingenalutho" nento bavumelane Sofe Famusovoy ka Griboyedov "Maye kusukela Wit". Izithombe abalingiswa ngesikhathi sokuloba - ophilayo ngokuphelele, okubangela abafundi ezanele imizwa.

isiphetho

Yini imicabango beqhumuka ihlaziya bethu "Diary of a Madman" isifinyezo? Gogol - ngokuyinhloko ithalenta, ungoyedwa ongazazi yisiphi isikhathi ifreyimu noma uhlobo. Yena Entela futhi wasebenza njenge Mozart, ekuthandeni ukukhanya imicabango yabo, wadala yonke izinhlobo ke wathola ukuthuthukiswa ezinhlobeni ezihlukene bezincwadi nemisebenzi yobuciko. Engingakusho nje kokukhumbula "indawo scary" yakhe, ayeyibhale isitayela classical we Thriller ... Kodwa hhayi ngakho manje inkulumo.

Bobani zabuna yesimanje isebenzisa idivayisi ukwazi okushintshiwe protagonist, evulekile Gogol omkhulu? Kunjalo, uViktor Pelevin.

Engingakusho nje kokukhumbula inoveli yayo «Generation P" lapho Vavilen Tatarsky ezihamba phezu uhlaka usebenza ngendlela efanayo komunye isambulo etholwe i kuhulumeni kuya kwenye. Ngiyaxolisa, ngakho kungani manje the zihlaba abahlaziyi bemibhalo e ngobuqotho ukuthi uyise ka-postmodernism isiRashiya Pelevin? Noma ngabe Juggling ngaphansi umlobi?

It Gogol indaba "Diary of a Madman" wasebenzisa inqubo engavamile - ngokuhlanganisa emhlabeni wangempela ne ngengqondo for esiphezulu umphumela wobuciko, kodwa ngeshwa (noma mhlawumbe ngenhlanhla) ngaphambi kwesikhathi sakhe. Futhi, kulandela lokhu logic, siqonda ukuthi UNikolai esingangeminyaka eyikhulu nengxenye edlule, uye wahlakulela uhlelo isitayela kwezobuciko, Wabizwa ngokuthini postmodernism.