Isici indaba: izici, umlando ukuthuthukiswa, izibonelo. Indaba - uhlobo kwezincwadi? Izimpawu kwendaba njengoba uhlobo

Isici indaba ingenye ethandwa kakhulu izincwadi. Ukhulunyiswa futhi selashwe abalobi abaningi. Ngemva kokufunda lesi sihloko, uzofunda iziphi izici indaba uhlobo, izibonelo imisebenzi edume kunazo zonke, kanye amaphutha ethandwa ukuthi abalobi.

Indaba - lokhu ingenye amafomu ezincane etemibhalo. Limelela encane umsebenzi ivolumu letilandzisako esincane izinhlamvu. Kulokhu, izenzakalo zesikhathi esifishane bavezwe.

Umlando omfishane uhlobo kwendaba

VG Belinsky (portrait wakhe uvezwa ngenhla) emuva ngo-1840 lihlukile Indzaba indaba kanjani izinhlobo ezincane temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba endatjaneni futhi inoveli njengoba ezinkulu. Kakade ngaleso sikhathi izincwadi Russian ngempela baba predominance sobala nephrozi phezu izinkondlo.

Ngemva nje kancane kwalokho, engxenyeni 2nd kwekhulu le-19, le ndaba kwaba yasakazwa ekuthuthukiseni yeningi zezincwadi zezwe lethu. Ngalesi sikhathi, abantu baba nomuzwa wokuthi sihlukanisa lolu hlobo documentary. Indaba njengoba kwakucatshangwa ke, wadala ngokusebenzisa umcabango yokudala. Ngokusho komunye umbono, uhlobo nobe indzaba conflictness indaba ezahlukene isithakazelo kithi. Ngemva emfushane libhekene iqiniso ukuthi kuwumsebenzi achazayo ngokuyisisekelo.

Ubunye isikhathi

Ukuze ukuchaza ngokugcwele uhlobo indaba, udinga ukukhomba regularities esingokwemvelo. Eyokuqala yalezi - ubunye isikhathi. Kulo mfanekiso, isikhathi njalo kungagcini. Nokho, akusho ukuthi usuku olulodwa nje, njengoba e imisebenzi classicists. Nakuba lo mthetho akuyona ihlonishwe njalo, izindaba ezingavamile lapho indaba ihlanganisa wonke ukuphila protagonist. Ngisho lingandile angumsebenzi kule uhlobo, umphumela ozobakhona eminyaka. Ngokuvamile, umlobi okubonisa isiqephu nokuphila iqhawe lakhe. Phakathi izindaba okuyinto embule lonke isiphetho umlingisi, kungase kuqashelwe, "Ukufa Ivana Ilicha" (kumbhali - uLeo Tolstoy) kanye "Darling" laseChekhov. Kwenzeka futhi ukuthi awabonisi konke ukuphila, futhi inkathi yalo eside. Ngokwesibonelo, e laseChekhov sika "nentethe" libonisa eziningana izenzakalo eziphawulekayo ekuphileni kwezinceku izinhlamvu, imvelo yabo, inselele ukuthuthukiswa ubudlelwane phakathi kwazo. Nokho, inikeza uphawu esiphezulu onomfutho. Lokho okuqukethwe banganhlanhlatsi kunelawo inoveli, isici esivamile kwendaba, futhi mhlawumbe kuphela.

Unity of action kanye nezindawo

Kukhona nezinye izici uhlobo kwendaba ukuthi kufanele kuqashelwe. Ubunye isikhathi ihlobene eduze futhi kudalwe esinye ubunye - izinyathelo. Indaba - a uhlobo izincwadi, okuyinto okumele abe nomkhawulo incazelo isenzakalo olulodwa. Ngezinye izikhathi ezinkulu, okusho-eyaphumela ke ekubeni esisodwa noma ezimbili zezenzakalo. Yingakho ubunye indawo. Ngokuvamile, isenzo senzeka khona endaweni eyodwa. Kungenzeka yini enye, kodwa eziningana, kodwa isibalo sabo sincane ngokuqinile elinganiselwe. Ngokwesibonelo, amasayithi angahle abe 2-3, kodwa 5 kakade ezingavamile (bangakwazi kuphela udluliselwe).

Ubunye uhlamvu

Esinye isici indaba - ubunye uhlamvu. Njengomthetho, esikhaleni imisebenzi yaleli uhlobo bunohlamvu eyodwa eyinhloko. Ngezikhathi ezithile kungase kube ezimbili, futhi kakhulu akuvamile - ambalwa. Njengoba for abalingiswa yesibili, bangaba ngempela okuningi, kodwa kumane sokusebenza. Indaba - uhlobo izincwadi, lapho umsebenzi izinhlamvu asekelayo kukhawulwe ukudalwa ngemuva. Zingaphazamisa noma ukusiza umlingisi losemcoka, kepha hhayi ngaphezulu. Endzabeni "Chelkash" Gorky, isibonelo, izinhlamvu ezimbili kuphela. Ngo laseChekhov sika "Sleepy 'abese enzela abantu lowo akukwazi iyiphi indaba noma inoveli.

ubunye isikhungo

Izimpawu kwendaba njengoba uhlobo, ngenhla, ngandlela-thile ziyancipha enkabeni ubunye. Ngempela, indaba akunakwenzeka ukuba sicabange ngaphandle ezinye ngokuchaza, isikhungo uphawu, "esithathe" bonke abanye. Akunandaba ukuthi lesi sikhungo ezinye static ngendlela echazayo, umcimbi eyaphumela, kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni imisebenzi noma isenzo abalulekile uhlamvu. Isithombe esikhulu kumele sibe kunoma iyiphi indaba. Kuyinto ngenxa eliyosenza lonke kwengoma. Umisa isihloko umsebenzi, kunengqondo ukusho.

Isimiso lobalulekile wendzaba

Isiphetho kusukela reflection on the 'ubunye' akunzima ukukwenza. Wona kusikisela umqondo ukuthi isimiso eyinhloko Ukwakheka kwendaba kuyafaneleka nokulonda nezisusa. Tomaszewski ngokuthi isisusa isici esincane kunazo zonke isakhiwo umbhalo. Kungaba isenzo, uhlamvu noma umcimbi. Lesi sakhiwo isivele kungenzeki ukubola ku izingxenye. Ngakho, isono esikhulu kunazo zonke nombhali okuwundendende, a glut umbhalo, kuveze inqwaba imininingwane ezingaba kwehliswe ngokuhlakulela uhlobo umsebenzi. Indatjana akagxili imininingwane.

Kuyadingeka ukuba uchaze kuphela izinto eziphawuleka kakhulu ukugwema amaphutha ezivamile. Kuyinto isici kakhulu, Isimanga siwukuthi, abantu ukuya empini ngenxa kanembeza kakhulu ngemisebenzi yabo. Banesifiso ukukhuluma kuze kufike ku embhalweni ngamunye. Ngakho ngokuvamile abaqondisi abancane beze lapho baba iziphakamiso amafilimu kanye ukusebenza. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngokuphathelene amafilimu njengoba umlobi fantasy kulokhu akugcini umbhalo play.

Abalobi abaningi baye bahlakulela umcabango, like ngokugcwalisa a zemibhalo indaba Motifs achazayo. Ngokwesibonelo, zibonisa kanjani umlingiswa oyinhloko webhayisikobho umkhiqizo nokufuna iphakethe nezimpisi amazimuzimu. Nokho, uma iqala kokusa, bayoba ayeke echaza ithunzi eside mnyama ngamafu izinkanyezi ogcwele ukuchitheka. Umbhali kubonakala ukujabulela imvelo bese kuphela sinqume ukuqhubeka jaha. Uhlobo indaba eqanjiwe unika ububanzi esiphezulu umcabango, ngakho ukugwema lesi iphutha akulula.

Indima nesisusa endabeni

Kumelwe kugcizelelwe ukuthi sinesithakazelo kwesikwenzayo uhlobo zonke izisusa kumelwe sidalule isihloko, ukusebenza phezu incazelo. Ngokwesibonelo, njengoba kuchazwe ekuqaleni imisebenzi kumele ngempela ukudubula isibhamu kowamanqamu. Izisusa ukuthi bamqhuba, akudingekile ukuba zihlanganisa endabeni. Noma ingabe kudingeka afune izithombe, uchaze isimo, kodwa hhayi ngokweqile elinemininingwane yakhe.

Izici ukwakheka

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi akukhona ngempela anamathele izindlela ezivamile umbhalo wobuciko. ukwephulwa yabo ingaba yisimanga. Indaba kungadalwa izincazelo pheze ezithile. Kodwa ukwenza ngaphandle isinyathelo namanje engenakwenzeka. The hero omane aphoqelelwe ukuba okungenani uphakamise isandla sakho, sithuthe (ngamanye amagama, ukuze wenze isenzo abalulekile). Kungenjalo-ke ngeke indaba indaba emfushane ezincanyana inkondlo temibhalo yephrozi. Esinye isici esibalulekile uhlobo oyithandayo kithi isiphetho okunenjongo. Ngokwesibonelo, inoveli bungahlala phakade, kodwa indaba yakhiwa ehlukile.

Isikhathi esining impela ophela nakuba yakhe futhi ezingalindelekile. Kungenxa nalesi Lev Vygotsky exhumene ukuvela catharsis kule umfundi. Abacwaningi banamuhla (ngokukhethekile, uPatrice Pavi) cabanga catharsis ngokomzwelo njengoba yezwakala ebonakala njengoba ufunda. Noma kunjalo, ukubaluleka siphetfo uhlala ingashintshiwe. Siphetfo kungenzeka kakhulu ekushintsheni incazelo kwendaba, push uhlaziye ezikuyo. Lokhu okufanele akhunjulwe ngayo.

indawo indaba ezincwadini zezwe

Indaba - uhlobo oludumile, okuyinto oluthatha indawo ebalulekile izincwadi emhlabeni. Gorky futhi UTolstoy bephendukela kuye wekadeni esikhathini elivuthiwe lokusungula. Indaba laseChekhov kusemqoka futhi uhlobo asikhetha. Izindaba eziningi ziye zaba zabuna futhi belingana imisebenzi emikhulu oludumile (izindaba nasezincwadini ziye) langena yengcebo izincwadi. Enjalo, isibonelo, izindaba UTolstoy sika "Abantu Abaye Babulawa ezintathu" nesithi "Ukufa Ivana Ilicha," "Amanothi we Hunter" Turgenev sika, imisebenzi laseChekhov sika "Darling" futhi "Umuntu in a Case", izindaba Gorky sika "Old Isergil", "Chelkash" nabanye.

Izinzuzo phezu kwezinye izinhlobo indaba

Sinesithakazelo uhlobo ikuvumela ukuba agcizelele ayizindunduma ikakhulukazi noma ukuthi isimo esiveza lokhu, uhlangothi noma omunye ezimpilweni zethu. Lokhu kusinikeza ithuba ukuze uzimele ukuze ukunakwa yomfundi kwaba ebhekiwe ngokuphelele phezu kwabo. Ngokwesibonelo, laseChekhov, echaza Vanka Zhukov ngohlamvu "endaweni umkhulu", yithemba yezingane ogcwele, elaborates ku okuqukethwe le ncwadi. Ngeke ufike endaweni futhi ngenxa yalesi sikhula ikakhulukazi ngokuya invective. Endzabeni "Ukuzalwa indoda" Gorky isiqephu ne ukuzalwa kwengane, ebanjwa endleleni, kusiza umbhali ukudalula leli qiniso eliyisisekelo - Ukugunyazwa ukubaluleka kokuphila.