Isakhiwo ubuntu ngokuvumelana Freud. eziyisisekelo

Freudianism, njengoba akha isiqondiso ngokwengqondo is ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, nakuba psychoanalysis ngaphambili. Noma ubani onesithakazelo kulesi sifundo, kufanele wazi ukuthi kukhona isakhiwo ubuntu ngokuvumelana Freud. Empeleni, kuleli futhi uyonikwa okuxoxwe ngazo kulesi sihloko.

incwadi Freud sasho sika "Mina It" ihlinzeka analysis eningiliziwe lento echazwe ngamunye isakhiwo. Njengamanje bobathathu:

• Eid (noma "It") - ingcenye yokuthoma psyche yethu. "Yena" uholwa 'nezifiso zethu aphansi kakhulu futhi izidingo ngqangi' - Freud sasho uchaza. osanda kuzalwa ingane Psychology nje ekuqaleni Eid. Okungukuthi, kuze kube uyazi ukuthi kukhona nezindinganiso zokuziphatha, izimiso zokuziphatha, imigomo yendlela yokuziphatha, yena uqondiswa imizwelo engokwemvelo luyingxenye isilwane. Sakhiwo ubuntu ngokuvumelana Freud kusikisela yilokho esigxila kukho lapho amandla ngokocansi ku-id yesici. Zombili izingane azalelwa kuphela ukulidla kakhulu. Kuze sinezimfanelo lapho ingane encela obisini lukamama, kanye nezinye izici ezincane zokuphila. Kufanele kuqashelwe lapha ukuthi sisebancane nesifiso asexually (ie, umuntu angenakho bona noma imvelaphi yabo ngokobulili, ubunikazi bobulili noma abanye).
• Ego (noma "Mina"). Kuyinto isimo Lesisemkhatsini id kanye super-ukuzazisa. isakhiwo ubuntu ngokuvumelana Freud akukuniki ukubaluleka esiqondile engu lapho nto kufanele ziyahlangana. Njengoba isibonelo, izingane ziqala ukukhuluma uhambe ngendlela ehlukile futhi ukuzazisa kuzibonakalisa ngamunye. ukukhuluma Cishe, le nqubo kungabonakala nasemkhakheni lapho ingane ingena engu bayazi. Abazali umtshela ukuba bangaya endlini lencane, udinga ukuhlala potty. Noma ukuthi awukwazi Isilinganiswa Sokwakho Sezintambo abantu. Ngokuvamile ingane ingavumi ukuthi kungani yena liyadingeka ukuhambisana nanoma imuphi imithetho - kule nkathi linamandla mpi-Id futhi Ego.

• Superego ( "superego"). Kanyekanye yonke ingane ngenhla iqaphela ukuthi ungubani ngokobulili. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, akazange anqikaze, futhi nomunye - ebona sokuziqhenya. It uqala ukwakha yobulili bakhe, kodwa cishe njalo wawubonakalisa (ngesimo indlwabu) kuyinto ukucindezelwa amadlingozi futhi Ukungakwamukeli kubazali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingane iqala uzwelane omunye wabazali. Equlekile isifiso ukulala nesihlobo, kanye nokungakwazi yakhe ukwenza ingane ukuba bamukele zonke izimfanelo abazali, iphethini zabo ukuziphatha. Abafana ngesikhathi esifanayo ukubabela kube sengathi noyise, amantombazane - njengoba umama. Ngakho kukhona kumiswa super-ukuzazisa.

Kwaba zisencane kudlala elikhulu oyisibonelo ukuziphatha abazali, imikhuba yabo nendlela yokuxhumana ingane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubaluleka, ngaphezu kwalokho, kubaluleke kakhulu, kuyinto ithonya umphakathi. Izimfanelo zokuziphatha Owadala ingane phakathi nalesi sikhathi, iyoba isisekelo sobuntu bakhe kukho konke ukuphila. Kakhulu akuvamile, zingaba amathuluzi ishintshe, ngisho bengazi. Super-Ego - liphinde unembeza. Ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ilungelo izindlela imfundo ekuqaleni kuka ebuntwaneni.

Zonke lezi zinto zikhona ubudlelwane obuseduze nomunye. Njalo is isakhiwo ubuntu ngokuvumelana Freud.