Insabule-AK-47: izikhali zonke ezisika nhlangothi zombili kwamaSoviet

Insabule Kalashnikov umlando waso oneminyaka engu-62 yadalwa ngezinsuku izinguqulo eziningana. Ngo-1949, i-AK-47 ngokusemthethweni wamukelwe inkonzo eSoviet Union. iminyaka 4 kamuva, ngo-1953, kwafika insabule lika-47 zokuqala "Kalash". Ngokusemthethweni insabule-AK-47 yakhethwa njengesibonelo 26-X-212, noma "umkhiqizo 6 × 2". Ikhophi lokuqala insabule for AK-47 kwadingeka ifomu blade kopeobraznoy, waboshwa kulolu hlangothi, kanye nokwenza kube lula ukwakhiwa kuwo womabili evele we insabule kwadingeka Dales.

Umlando izikhali ezibandayo eU.SSR

Kuyaziwa ukuthi amasosha lawa abehlome ngezibhamu ngezibhamu Mosina, okuyinto design engabondli abakubo a insabule. Kamuva, ngo-isisekelo yabo idaliwe carbine, okwakubekelwa ifakwe a insabule quadrangular cross-section uhlobo esikhiphekayo design Komarnicki-Kabakov. Wayefanele isihloko "1891-1930, i-insabule." Amanxeba wathola ulwa ngakho, akamphulukisanga isikhathi eside futhi kwakubuhlungu kakhulu.

Kamuva, ngo-1936, i-iRed Army eselineminyaka ABC-36 (sokuzingela Simonov), okwakubekelwa ifakwe ummese, Cleaver. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-2 ku izingalo wamukelwa SVT-38 Tokarev ─ abadumile self-ukushaja. Washeshe yawa phezu kwezinsizwa umphefumulo elihamba, futhi kakade SVT-40 Wona wakhululwa ngo-1940. Steel insabule ummese kule sokuzingela uye blued futhi okuhlala isikhathi eside kakhulu.

Ikhaba zazilingana 240 mm ubude kanye 25 mm ububanzi. Ngenxa indandatho, le insabule ukuthi exhunywe nomlomo we isibhamu.

Uma ucabangela imimese insabule WWII, kubalulekile ukukhumbula insabule kuya Abaklami self-ukushaja Rakova futhi Bulkin, ogama ukuthuthukiswa senzeka ngo-1940. Blade lokhu isibhamu has a amandla akhethekile, Nokho, isibhamu alinayo yokutholwa, amasampula ke ezimbalwa kuphela zokuhlola kwesokunxele.

Futhi kwakunombhalo insabule ersatz, noma, njengoba wayebizwa nangokuthi 'ukuvinjelwa ", okuyinkampani eyethula eLeningrad phakathi nokuvinjelwa. It wasetshenziselwa ngokuhlanganyela Mosin isibhamu blade esinqunyiwe Komarnicki efanayo.

Yesimanje insabule-ummese-AK-47

I sibonelo imodeli wokuqala insabule-ummese-AK-47 bakhonza njengendikimba blade ogibele SVT-40. New insabule Kalashnikov nokuhlanganisa isibhamu kwadingeka ezinye izici ezifanayo kanye le "Tokarevskiy" ukudla kwenkemba, kodwa kunomehluko phakathi e lock esiqwini.

Ngaphandle ummese handle siqukethe ezimbili izihlathi juxtaposed plastic kanye kwadingeka section square esiphambanweni.

Insabule ATM kakhulu ukumane wagqoka isiqu umshini ngenxa yokubakhona izindandatho nge isiqhebezo entwasahlobo. Inani nobude umkhiqizo okungukuthi 315 mm, ikhaba kwaba 205 millmetrovym, futhi ububanzi kwaba 22 mm. ummese emaceleni esisogwini umshini ngendlela yokuthi blade yayo emuva futhi wabhekana phezulu, kanti ukusetshenziswa "umkhiqizo 6 × 2" njengoba amathuluzi ahlabayo bebelokhu esingesihle kakhulu ngenxa nomklamo abampofu isibambo. Ngakho-ke, imodeli lokuqala insabule enkonzweni ayihlalanga isikhathi eside. Njengoba ibutho nhlangothi zombili isikhali, insabule-AK-47 (wentengo manje mayelana $ 80) odingeka phakathi Ongoti kwakudala futhi izikhali lasendulo.

On the sibonelo imodeli wanamuhla insabule-ummese AK

Ukulandela ukulwa ummese Kalashnikov waba insabule ibutho, ethiwa "umkhiqizo 6 × 3". Yena ngokushesha nje ngafakwa ku service ibutho eSoviet Union ngo-1959 I-prototype ye Blade wakhonza njengephayona ummese, bamukela ngokushesha ngaphambi kokuba yokutholwa ulwandle scouts, ogama ukuthuthukiswa kungokwalabo Navy uLieutenant Colonel Todorovu R. M. Kakade 1956, ukukhalipha asolwandle ukuyisebenzisa njengoba iyunithi ukulwa .

It isikhali nhlangothi zombili kwaba ifakwe imbobo zobuchwepheshe kanye nomklamo ekhethekile emgodleni, ukuze bewukwati usike obukhulu steel wire ngisho izintambo kagesi, ngoba isibambo kanye emgodleni kuyinto yisivikelo. Lokhu ummese kungaba izinzipho sawing njengoba kwakunjalo onqenqemeni notch akubona. Manje insabule Imininingwane obuphelele elilingana 280 mm, futhi blade Ubukhulu babe 150 × 30 mm. Ummese sekulula kakhulu ukusebenzisa sibonga ushintsho olukhulu ohlotsheni usayizi inguqulo yangaphambilini.

On onobuhle kamuva ummese

Insabule-AK-47 kwadingeka emgodleni we steel futhi ngendwangu wayibhinca, lapho izikhali hung up on the ibhande okwenyanga. Ukusetshenziswa emgodleni njengoba isici asizayo ukuqaliswa eziningi imisebenzi, khudlwana kungenzeka steel abandayo. Engeziwe ukusebenza insabule ummese kakhulu lula futhi ukusheshisa ukukhishwa amayunithi ibutho combat ohambweni.

Ngemva "ezintathu", isibonelo "umkhiqizo 6 × 4". Empeleni, kwaba AKM insabule, futhi ngemva kwesikhashana yaqala ozofakwa AK-74. Kulokhu, kubalulekile uhlukile inguqulo yangaphambilini ukuthi ilungisiwe uhlobo isibambo kanye emgodleni steel eyenziwe ngepulasitiki umthelela ukumelana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ugcizelele, ukuze elalingelamaFilisti insabule lwenzelwe ngaphansi emgqonyeni umshini. izikhali Melee sesihlanganisiwe ozungezwe blade eziningana emifushane ne ekupheleni ebukhali kakhulu.

Ukutholakala sawing ikhaba ivumela kalula ukuba wabona Amabha steel. On the emgodleni Ubuye ekhethekile pin okusaqanda kanye cutouts okwenyanga. Ngenxa insabule usebenze njengoba isikelo snacking steel wire. Ubude obuphelele "izihloko 6 × 4" Kwatholakala ukuthi 10 mm esifushane kuka imodeli odlule. Ukulungiswa ukukhulula imimese ngo-1959 isicelo futhi IRS.

Umthetho wokugcina "Mohicans"

Army ukuthuthukiswa insabule ka 1989 kwaba elokugcina kulo mndeni. "Isigaba 6 × 5" lalisetshenziswa njengesibhedlela isikhali Melee ukulwa eziseduze kule amamodeli-AK-74 azo zonke ukulungiswa, AK-100 futhi umshini Nikonov uhlelo (udaba '94). Ungakhohlwa ukuthi izinhlobo eziningi uhlelo lwamuva lwe-Kusho ukuthini ukuba umKristu futhi ifakwe "emihlanu". Uma siqhathanisa insabule-AK-47 "Isihloko 6 × 5", kungenzeka ukulandelela kanjani ukuhluzwa wayekade iminyaka eminingi.

Okokuqala, imodeli yakamuva ummese kuhlukile izinguqulo ezandulele ifomu ezinzima ngaphezulu ikhaba, esesikhundleni kwe-matte. Usebhekene ngcono okukhulu ukusingatha umkhiqizo.

Manje AKM insabule ummese owawusedolobheni isandla lula kakhulu ngenxa yokubakhona mabhamuza transverse isibambo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phezu scabbard futhi hilt ngakususi ngokuphelele kungenzeka ukuba aphule ingxenye plastic, ngoba zenziwa kusukela ingilazi fibre ultra-eqinile kwagcizelela polyamide. Ubude kuyinto 260 mm, ikhaba - 160 mm kanti ububanzi 29 mm. Insabule-AK-47, kanye wonke amamodeli okwalandela, inesimiso isici okuyinto ukuthi ububanzi we indandatho ummese ayikashintshi futhi zonke izinguqulo 17,7 mm.

Umkhiqizo practice 6x2

Insabule-AK-47 (ngenhla) umise ngokwaso njengoba isikhali onokwethenjelwa futhi elula kakhulu ngokuziphatha ukulwa bengahlomile. Knife sihlanganisa izakhi engcono kweSoviet ukulwa imimese. Uhlezi kahle nje uhlangothi, kanye sturdiness we obuphelele blade is anginikhethanga ngengozi ─ ummese ezilinganiswe ngokuphelele uma usebenza naye.

Ngokuthakazelisayo, steel udwani le imodeli ethambile okuningi kuka ukushintshwa kamuva. Kule ndaba, insabule-AK-47-Soviet Union akusho egqekeza ngokuziphatha ummese yempi, umelana sidilize kanzima futhi uwela endaweni eqinile. It ekuqaleni bazitshela ukuthi imodeli lika-47 we insabule ukuze usetshenziselwe ukusika wire noma cutting metal, Ngakho design akhethekile nezixazululo it is hhayi waphawula. Kodwa ngokuba emshinini, futhi esandleni isosha, kuyinto ngokulinganayo kahle ushaya isitha.

"Finca» ─ omunye okwangempela we ashaya ibutho

amasosha Russian bebelokhu idume ikhono bakhe ukuba bahlale belwa eduze futhi umyalo esiphelele imimese njalo. Lapho amachashazi iphelile, njalo fighter Soviet uselokhu ithemba lokugcina ─ HP-40, i-Release isithunywa ummese 1940 Yebo, lena "Finca" edume kakhulu lapho ethuke isitha. Umklamo "ummese isithunywa" ngokwezinga elikhulu sasishaywe lathathwa imimese Finnish Puukko. "Finca" ngokushesha yatha- eSoviet Union, futhi ngokushesha ummese kwavunyelwana.

It is ezenziwe ngensimbi okuqinile, has a usayizi icwecwe futhi ngakhula kahle kakhulu ukusebenzisa. ERussia zangaphambi wamavukelambuso, le ummese ngobuningi. I vachinskie ethandwa kakhulu "Finca", okuyinto enziwa Nizhny Novgorod esifundeni kule mboni "Trud". ukuthandwa Blade kwakufinyelela engakaze ibonwe eziphakeme. Waba kabanzi emibuthanweni lobugebengu Soviet Russia, futhi ekuqaleni kuka-1930 ummese kwaba cishe wonke umuntu. Ngasekuqaleni kuka-1935, kuvinjelwe womshini, ifa bephethe izikhali, kuhlanganise abandayo.

Mayelana edumile "ummese NKVD"

izakhamuzi Simple Soviet ayenqatshelwe baphathe imimese. Nokho, lokhu akuzange zithinta abasebenzi party kanye nabasebenzi NKVD, ngubani ngo-1935 wathola Finnish imimese yokukhiqiza vachinskih izingcweti njengoba izikhali ezingekho ebulalayo ngenhloso yokuzivikela. Isisekelo ukukhiqizwa izingalo ezibandayo models izinkampani imimese Swedish Holmberg ka sathathwa.

"Holmbergovskie Finn" wawuwuvimbele isimo ukusetshenziswa ngumphakathi jikelele. Kuzo zombili izinhlangothi ummese kukhona izigodi, neziqongo phambi isibambo kuyinto nangokubeka abaqaphi. Yiphathe umkhiqizo kwaba karbolitovoy. Kukholakala ukuthi le ummese kwaba elula kakhulu lapho besebenza amakota abaseduze, futhi ngenkathi ugcina ke ahlukile ngokwanele. "Ummese we NKVD," bakhonza njengendikimba prototype izingalo nemakhata amasosha aseSoviet ngo-ekuqaleni kwawo-1940

"Cherry" ngoba scouts

Ngenkathi AT-40 yamukelwa USSR, imimese siswele ekuqaleni kwempi. Ikakhulukazi zidinge ephezulu ummese paratroopers amaSoviet nasemakamu scouts. Ngakho-ke, ngo-1943 kwaba khona "Cherry» ─ ummese HP-43. prototype wayo bakhonza njengendikimba "ummese isithunywa" 1940 ukukhululwa. Kamuva ngabo isibambo futhi blade baba waqhubeka isikhathi esijana.

isibambo Ngokhuni ngokushesha esikhundleni plastic ngensimbi ekhanda ingxenye. Ubude umkhiqizo kwaba 270 mm, futhi ukudla kwaba 158 mm. "Cherry" waba atshalwe emgodleni lesikhumba ukuthi kungenziwa hung ibhande. Ngemva kwempi, emazweni amaningi baye bamukela "ummese isithunywa" njengesibonelo womshini imimese ukuze amandla abo amayunithi.

Umlando ngeke ashona lokulibala

Adume ibutho imimese NA-40 kanye ne-HP-43 "Cherry" isikhathi eside ngokwanele ukuba singangeni ngenkani Army Soviet. Knife Army udaba 1940 wahlala isikhali kwaze kwaba maphakathi nawo-60-yalolucwaningo kwekhulu elidlule, futhi 43th "Cherry" futhi kuze kube namuhla isetshenziswa eziningi Russian amandla izakhiwo.

HP-43 kwaba ethandwa kakhulu, kwathiwa kunakwe yizimboni imimese yesimanje. Ngokwesibonelo, Versmsky isitshalo "Saro" ukhiqiza umkhiqizo HP-2000, i-prototype okwakunzima edumile "Cherry".

"Lesi sigaba black ummese"

Ngo-1943, ngesikhathi Zlatoust abasebenzi ithuluzi isitshalo ekhiqizwa batch izindwani, owawungumnyaka kucishe kube ithopholoji esiqondile 40 imodeli ibutho ummese. Nokho, lezi imimese bengafani NA-40 ukuthi ibe nombala omnyama. 3356 amakhophi izindwani enanikelwa fighters sokuzithandela amabutho ithangi esifundeni esise-Ural.

Lapho amasosha efika phambili ngesikhathi esisodwa inkonzo intelligence German babizwa ngokuthi "division of black ummese" ngenxa yebala engavamile emgodleni futhi asingathe. Fighters "shvartsmesser-division" ngokuphuthumayo alwa izimpi. Ukuze Military Merit sokuzithandela amabutho ithangi wathola isihloko "Guards".

Izidingo Jikelele imimese ukulwa impi

Ukuze kube lula inkomba zonke Melee ukulwa imimese kufanele abe amabili emaceleni blade imimese. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi kwaba iqabunga-ukuma, okwandisa nekusebenta amagalelo isetshenziswa isitha. ukulwa ummese ububanzi kufanele ibe ngaphansi kuka-30 mm, lapho kuyigama blade ububanzi kwandisa izinga ahlabayo komkhiqizo.

Ukuze ugweme ephuma esandleni ku ikhaba kuyadingeka ukusingatha hilt kwaba ifakwe limiter. Emgodleni kufanele ngokuphephile ubambe ukudla ngaphandle iziqobosho ezinhlobo ezahlukene, ukuze uma kudingeka ummese kalula ziqongelelwe ukunyakaza ngokushesha uhlangothi. Isisindo ummese ukuqhuba ukulwa eduze akufanele idlule 300 amagremu. Kusukela amasampula ibutho zenzelwe ukwenza combat ohambweni, okuyinto kuvamile ukubhujiswa isitha, isibhamu ukulwa kumele ingashintshwa ukuze uphonsa. Ngakho-ke, indima ebalulekile udlalwa lapha ngamandla izikhali steel.