Hunting smoothbore carbines: Ukubuyekeza, amanani

izitshalo Russian zanqwabelana isipiliyoni kakhulu ukuklama nokuthunga yokukhiqiza umkhiqizo othize ezifana isikhali ukuzingela. Smoothbore futhi imishini rifled, ekhiqizwa in inqwaba sehluke ngokwanele izinga okusezingeni eliphezulu.

izivakashi Okuvamile okukhethekile ezitolo ukuza kujabule ezihlukahlukene izimpahla ahlinzekwa emashalofini, uzizwa nomona abanikazi lezi izinjongo predilection besilisa.

ulwazi olujwayelekile

Akuwona wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi ukuzingela isikhali smoothbore is ozalweni izibhamu langaphambi kokubhubha komhlaba ngamanzi, zazo okhokho bethu abangu ngokudubula nuclei. Ngaphezu kwalokho, it is ke ibe isisekelo - izinhlobo eziyinkimbinkimbi ukudayiswa kwezikhali ezincane.

Lokho bushelelezi-wazalela ukuzingela ngezibhamu ziyingxenye yokugcina umuntu ngamunye engibathandayo othakazelisayo futhi kujabulise kangaka, njengoba lesi sigameko ukukhiqizwa, abe yokuchitha isizungu okuthandayo.

izinhlobo

Lolu hlobo isikhali kabanzi ukuhlela izinto ezahlukene ongazikhetha ukuzingela. Lesi sici isicelo ngqo ahlobene ngayo nezakhi zalo lobuchwepheshe. Ngu aphoyintimenti smoothbore ngezibhamu production ezifuywayo zihlukaniswe labo ezisetshenziswa okuzingela futhi azijabulise ukuzingela, kanye nalabo yakhelwe ngecala lokudubula ezindizayo nezilwane ezihambayo target.

Kusigaba tesakhiwo

Rifle ifakwe nenareznym emgqonyeni, ibhekwa njengomlando wesonto iqeqebana eziningi kakhulu uhlu nezibhamu abazingela izikhali. Basuke eyenzelwe Ukudutshulwa shot noma buckshot, futhi nge inhlamvu ezikhethekile.

Kukhona izinhlobonhlobo ezinhlanu eziyinhloko. Ziyakwazi:

• Single-single-shot Shotgun;
• kabili emgqonyeni nge ilungiselelo ovundlile umgqomo;
• okufanayo, kodwa nge ukufakwa mpo;
• Umagazini-e Single-futha esenzweni, elishajekayo ngesandla;
• semi-automatic.

Isigaba sokuqala senzelwe abazingeli izilwane ezincane nezinyoni. Lezi carbines bushelelezi-wazalela ukuphakamisa ekusebenziseni shot eqondile kuya kungenzeka ibanga okungenani. "Iziqu" okunjalo maphakathi ingxenye ifakwe lomnyango evumela emgqonyeni ufake phansi ukufaka igobolondo. Ekhuluma ewukuhlakanipha okwenziwe indlela ukukhiya lapho isiqhebezo yokunyathelisa. Itholakala yonkana breech.

Ithengwa kanjani i

Ukuthengiswa iyiphi izibhamu, kuhlanganise ukuzingela, kanye isitoreji kanye nokusebenzisa kwayo ulawulwa ezingeni zomthetho. Kuyinto ngaphansi kokulawula Umnyango wamaphoyisa ekhethekile ikhipha amalayisense kanye nezimvume zokwakha bushelelezi-wazalela isikhali.

Ngokwesibonelo ngamunye, ephethwe isakhamuzi Russian Federation, kubalulekile ukuba ubhalise LRO futhi agcinwe ngokuhambisana nemithetho esungulwe yilo Mnyango, endaweni metal okhethekile uphephile ukubhalisa umnikazi wesayithi.

Ukulungiswa lesi sikhali bushelelezi-wazalela ikhishwa iminyaka emihlanu, ngemva kwalokho kuba - e ukuhleleka, futhi ngemva luhlolo umnikazi isimo ngokokwelashwa nemibandela isitoreji carbine - enwetshiwe.

Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuhambisa lezi zincwadi ezilandelayo: ikhophi ipasipoti kanye nemvume ukuzingela ilayisensi esiyimpahla bephethe, isitifiketi wezokwelapha ngendlela enqunyiwe, umbiko ehloliwe imvelo yesiyingi lapho kugcinwa a carbine, irisidi imali, isicelo nezithombe ezimbili.

Izikali

Ngokungafani kochungechunge, lapho ubukhulu igobolondo unamathele amagugu imethrikhi - ayishumi, bushelelezi-wazalela carbines kunqunywa ejwayelekile ehluke ngokuphelele. Lezi Samandla ngoba isisekelo ngezigaba, uya kusukela esikhathini lapho inhlamvu nxazonke. Sekutholakele ukuthi omunye iphawundi phambili, okuyinto mayelana 450 amagremu, waphonsa izicucu eziyishumi nambili nge ububanzi 18.5 amamilimitha angu. Yilokho kanye itholiwe osezingeni lapho namuhla onobuhle oluthathwa we ezivame kakhulu ukuzingela isikhali. Ngakho, inani kunqunywa inani yabalingisi amachashazi pounds lomthofu, inqobo nje uma bonke babo - kuyafana futhi abe ukuma eyindilinga. Kusukela ifomula ngenhla ubonakala ukuthi ububanzi we isibhamu emgqonyeni nambili-uphawu 18.5 amamilimitha angu.

Ezweni lethu, le ndinganiso ungaphakathi uhla kusuka 4 kuya 36. Kulesi simo, nakanjani ephansi - kuba ubukhulu ngobukhulu (36.5 mm), kanye phezulu - kulencane kakhulu. Nokho, amagugu kakhulu, empeleni akwenzeki. Russian smoothbore ngezibhamu okuzingela ube Samandla esilandelayo: "12", "16" kanye kencanikhulu - "20".

Umlando "Saiga" ingebe

Lezi ngezibhamu bushelelezi-wazalela zidalwe ngesisekelo eyisisekelo Kalashnikov. Imodeli kokuqala ekhiqizwa unjiniyela yokuqala AK - Izhmash. Eyokuqala smoothbore mbutho "Saiga" savela kuyi-yoma ngasekupheleni kwekhulu elidlule. Umfutho lokhu kwaba isikhalo kobuholi Kazakhstan Jikelele uNobhala uBrezhnev ngesicelo ukudala isikhali ngawo sizokwazi ukwenza ngokudubula saiga - izilwane okuye kwaba negalelo elikhulu ekukhetheni igama carbine. Iqiniso lokuthi imihlambi ezifudukayo ka antelopes artiodactyl wanyathelwa futhi wadla waqeda izitshalo impande, futhi abazingeli abakwazanga ukubhekana nazo. Nokho, Nakuba zokuhlola amakhophi angamakhulu amathathu enziwa yoma, lapho athola isibhamu kubona smoothbore "Saiga" namanje a rarity.

ukukhiqizwa

Kodwa kusukela maphakathi nawo-nineties kwekhulu elidlule kusukela Ukukhathazeka elihambayo Kalashnikov zaqala ukwehlela smoothbore mbutho "Saiga" self-ukulayisha. Kodwa manje igama isibe undabuzekwayo, kuwuphawu leli qembu ukhiqiza okunezinhlobonhlobo elikhulu izikhali, kuhlanganise ukuzingela ongakhetha ohlanzekile, futhi icwecwe bushelelezi-wazalela ngezibhamu esetshenziselwa Ukuvikelwa, kanye nemidlalo kanye izicelo kanye imodeli ukuqeqeshwa.

Buttstock futhi handguard carbine - kuye ngokuthi imodeli - zingenziwa ngokuvumelana uhlobo zakudala ukuzingela ngezibhamu. Ngokuvamile basuke eyenziwe ngepulasitiki noma ukhuni.

Umklamo "Saiga"

Ekuqaleni lesi sikhali zavezwa esekelwe ATM imishini ngendlela ehlelekile, kodwa eminyakeni edlule iye yashintshwa abanye ukuthuthukisa izici zayo. Kusukela ukulwa smoothbore ukuzingela carbine "Saiga", intengo zazo iqala nge ayizinkulungwane eziyishumi nesikhombisa (sikhuluma imodeli 410 K), ebonakala ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yokuthi kusukela akunakwenzeka nomlilo Ukuvutha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, washintsha ifindo ukuzizuzela esitolo, kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba ufaka cartridges kusuka ibutho. "Saiga" "iphelela" ngokusebenzisa igesi impuphu, ayabuya nge ukuvulwa ohlangothini ise udonga stem siteshi. Ngo-shotgun ezahlukeneyo ukwethula injini kabusha ngokuphelele kokuba elifushane piston unhlangothi.

Ngaphansi kwethonya ingcindezi igesi ehamba esangweni ifremu ubude oyifunayo, kuyilapho bona ukuchitha powder mass ukuphuma emkhathini ngokusebenzisa emigodini tube. Ukukhiya brainstem wazalela ngokuvula yokushutha, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho lugs yalo emibili bahlanganyele elihambisana anemifantu ebhokisini. Slide, njengoba ehamba phambili ezishintshayo isixhumanisi, ubeka isiqondiso ukuhamba ezihambayo izingxenye carbine "Saiga". Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuthatha iningi ukushaqeka.

izindleko

Izibhamu "Saiga-12k" ukusebenza 030 kokuba owamukelayo futhi sigcine isivalo ensikeni phezu ibhokisi, kanye buttstock alo futhi forend eyenziwe ngepulasitiki, zingathengwa for ruble amathathu, anamakhulu mahlanu. Esikhathini oyisibonelo, waphuma ukukhiqizwa, noma ongakhetha ezakhiwa isikhathi eside, setha kube nezindleko eziphansi. Ngokwesibonelo, "Saiga-12k Amaqhinga" osezingeni 12/76 ethengisiwe amabili nesishiyagalolunye namakhulu.

"Boar"

Lezi carbines bushelelezi-wazalela akhiqizwa ngesikhathi isitshalo "Hammer", etholakala Vyatskiye Polyany. Enkabeni yalo, bamele ukuqhubeka "Saiga". Ekuqaleni ukuzingela "Boar" isithelo ukuguqulwa zokukhiqiza - ngezibhamu semi-automatic, ithuthukiswe ngesisekelo 7.62-milimitha machine gun RPK. Ludizayinelwe ukuzingela kwezohwebo noma amateur, futhi phakathi futhi omkhulu.

Kusukela kwamiswa i-carbine "izingulube" kwaba esiphezulu ukusetshenziswa izingxenye neyesifunda kusukela RPK, okuyinto yenziwa embonini efanayo, imiklamo eminingi yalezi zikhali ayifani neye kayisemkhulu abadumile. Ngokwesibonelo, it has umgqomo efanayo esindayo, ibhokisi eqinile ngokuphelele, kokuba kuka ukulungiswa okokufaka indlela, nokunye. D.

Izinguquko ezihlobene ngokuyinhloko ukugcina ezinye izakhi, njengalapho isitokwe futhi forend, kanye inhlamvu, kusukela ekwakhiweni zazo ayifakiwe isibali esizikalayo ukuvimbela Ukuvutha kokudubula lomlilo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuma ezahlukene kanye Ubukhulu ku sear kanye nesando. Ngesidunu has a pillowtop "Dragunovsky" uhlobo ifakwe iraba Butt pad. Forend wenza ejwayelekile civil - ngaphandle elingenhla ulwelwesi zokuzivikela. It has a ephakeme kakhulu njengoba kuqhathaniswa bokulwa isampula obuphelele. Ukuphakama Crest e ngesidunu "Boar" ivumela Umzingeli ngokulinganayo ukhululekile ukusebenzisa mechanical hhayi kuphela, kodwa emehlweni optical.

design

"Wild Boar" carbines ekhiqizwa ngaphansi 7,62 × 39 cartridges, 7,62 × 5,56 × 51 no-45 NATO - .223 Remington, futhi 7,62 × 7,62 × 54 63 kwangu e embodiments ahlukahlukene kanye ukuhlela kabusha ngokubulawa . Automation yalesi isikhali kuhlelwe kanye imizila efanayo ukuthi we Kalashnikov nokuhlanganisa isibhamu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, it has a degree kuqhathaniswa eliphezulu nokwethenjelwa kakhulu ngokushelela ngesikhathi ukusetshenziswa ezihlukahlukene izimo zokusebenza.

carbine ezenzekelayo lingatshajwa wenziwa ngokusebenzisa amandla yamagesi ezivela ukuthungela of neziqhumane. Basuke asuswe ubhoboze ikhamera ngesikhathi ngokudubula. Self-ukushaja Kwenziwa futhi ngenxa yamandla amakhulu ezivezwa entwasahlobo ukubuya. Ngakho ukuze andise wahlala isikhathi eside ekamelweni futhi wazala we isibhamu wenza ukuzingela-chrome. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwehlisa ukuze flash ubuncane ilangabi ngesikhathi kokudubula ngesikhathi nomlomo wesabelo emgqonyeni ilangabi yayo arrester ifakiwe, okuyinto-non-esikhiphekayo.

Ukuze ukuvala amathuba inertial primer iphinwe cartridges, iphini labadubuli kuyinto yesivalo entwasahlobo-ukulayishwa. Futhi ukwenza ngcono ukuphepha uchungechunge "Wild Boar" ifakwe fuse ifulege-hlobo. Zonke izibhamu abe kuhlanganiswe isitokwe isibhamu isango.

ukulungiswa

Izinketho abazingeli carbine "izingulube" ngokwanele. onobuhle Ngokuyinhloko it is threaded ezifana SOC-94 - wakhululwa ngo-1995. Lolu hlobo njengoba ihlanganyela enkonzweni nge patrol amayunithi FSUE MIA. SOC imodeli 95 "Boar-308" futhi "Super" ayatholakala ezinguqulweni eziningana. Ezinye embodiments, ezifana CSB-M 95, 95 MS, kanye carabiner .35 Remington igobolondo inqanyulwe. Ukukhiqizwa waqala phezulu SOC-94R "Pioneer" kusukela ngo-2000.

Nokho, lo esivame kakhulu shotgun smoothbore "Boar-12" oluqanjwe chucks 12 × 76 mm. It has izinguqulo eziningana futhi yakhelwe kokubili ukuzingela ukuzivikela kanye nezemidlalo imincintiswano. Kusukela nezinye okuhlukile yayo yakamuva imodeli - smoothbore mbutho "Boar-12 Sickle" - kuyahluka kokufaka ukukhwezwa ilangabi arrester. It is efakwe nomlomo umgqomo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, it has a indlela yokuvala kushiya, esinciphisa kungenzeka ngokudubula nge Butt eligoqiwe.

"Boar-12"

It is aklanywa futhi akhiwe "Molot" isitshalo. Lokhu ingebe smoothbore - "Boar-12" - senzelwe ukuzivikela, futhi ukusetshenziswa e izikhungo ehlukahlukene yezempi, kufaka ekhatsi imitimba yabo yezokuphepha. Ngokuvamile lesi sikhali kungabonwa phezu IPSC-imincintiswano. Smoothbore mbutho "Boar-12", ikhipha esekelwe isimiso Kalashnikov machine gun, ngesikhathi esifanayo possesses bonke nokulungiswa ezidingekile ukuxhashazwa yayo ethembekile nezinhlamvu nambili-geji. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kule isibhamu ingasetshenziswa ne emikhonweni kanye izinhlamvu ayisikhombisa amamilimitha angu ayisikhombisa nesithupha. Smoothbore mbutho "Boar 12" inebanga sextant eyikhulu amamitha. Amandla kuyinto ibhokisi magazini esikhiphekayo ephethe namandla imizuliswano eziyisishiyagalombili. Ukuze wandise ukugqwala ukumelana isiteshi kanye ekamelweni, nenduku phezu ifreyimu slide kanye igesi akhishwe egumbini-chrome.

izinzuzo

Ngokuvamile, athola isibhamu kubona smoothbore "Boar sika Hammer" kuyafana edumile "Saiga-12k", kodwa kule imodeli ivelele zayo ezinye izici.

umehluko wezakhiwo ne-shotgun efanayo - kuba phambi onobuhle akhiqizwa Vyatskiye Polyany, ezimbili ngendlela fuse ukugcina umamukeli. Nokho, inzuzo ebaluleke kunazo zonke, okuyinto libhekene smoothbore Shotgun "Boar Hammer" - kuyinto esangweni ukubambezeleka yakhe. Ngenxa lesi sici sesihlahla isikhali kulula ukusingatha. I Bhalobhasha ukuthi njalo ubone uma uphela kanye nezinhlamvu, ukulayisha kabusha kwenziwa ngokushesha futhi sizikhandle.

Cap isibhamu ibhokisi elithi "Boar-12 Molot" Asondele emuva ku-"phezulu naphansi", njengoba AKS-74U. Akuve aminyene futhi igibele ngaphandle play on ebhokisini. On the nomlomo umenzi emgqonyeni efakwe ekhiphekayo flash suppressor. Kulokhu esivalweni ibhokisi, kanye ibhodi lemisindo futhi egumbini elinegesi nokulapho wenza Picatinny uhlobo Umhlahlandlela, ukuvumela ukufakwa lula futhi sisheshe namadivayisi ezengeziwe ezifana ukukhanya Tactical, umbono laser noma bipod. Phakathi amaphutha Baveza eminye abasebenzisi eziningi isisindo nge umagazini ezithwele okuyinto mayelana ezinhlanu amakhilogramu.

Lwakamumva namanani

Kuqhathaniswa "Saiga" - sabafowabo - shotgun smoothbore "Boar-12 Molot" kuyabiza. Ngokwesibonelo, ukusebenza 01 ezahlukene enwetshiwe ukuze abe amamilimitha angu-mahlanu, anamanci mabini emgqonyeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inikezwe kungenzeka ngokudubula ngesidunu eligoqiwe futhi okungezona esikhiphekayo flash suppressor. Lezi carbines bushelelezi-ayizalayo, wathi kabani amanani ukuqala ngo eziyizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amathathu nesithupha, bathengisa kuphela uma imvume yomthengi. Inguqulo 02, lapho side kuze kufinyelele 680 mm emgqonyeni futhi base unit ku nomlomo umgqomo, eyenzelwe Izikhumulo yangaphakathi, bemunye nge carbines kusuka uchungechunge oluthi "snipe" izindleko lapho uthenga ruble ngamashumi amane analinye amawaka.