Inqwaba izisekelo: Ibala inani yinqwaba, izinhlobo, izinhlobo kanye nomklamo

Sebenzisa ukwakhiwa inqwaba isisekelo ivumela ukwakha kahle ngisho nasesimweni esingesihle, izimpawu nenhlabathi ababuthakathaka, ezingeni lelisetulu komhlaba, kanye sezulu elibuhlungu.

isidingo ukusebenzisa

Kwezinye izimo, base isetshenziswa lapho isimo sezwe nzima kungaba ngokuphawulekayo izinkinga umsebenzi wokwakha. Uma inqwaba sikhethwe isisekelo, ukubala inani yinqwaba une ukwenza ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi. Ngokusebenzisa le technology uzokwazi ukufinyelela kanye nenhlabathi kanzima ezokwenza sinciphise umtselela lezi zici, futhi uyowandisa nokwethenjelwa UKUQINA kwesakhiwo. Ebophela emvinini base inqwaba zingenziwa ngokusebenzisa grillage okuzokwenziwa kuchaziwe ngezansi.

Izinhlobonhlobo inqwaba izisekelo ababevinjezelwe uhlobo

Isekela kuyakhiwa zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezahlukene, eqondiswa imingcele ethile. Ngokwesibonelo, kuye ngokuthi indlela yinqwaba enophephela kungenziwa isehlane njengendlela material. Isebenzisa ngokhuni noma insimbi, ngaphezu ngokhonkolo njalo nakakhulu ingasetshenziswa. Lezi yinqwaba kufanele ayisa phansi ngosizo imishini ekhethekile, okungukuthi, izando noma vibrovdavlivateley. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi asikho isidingo ukususa inhlabathi phezu. Uma unquma ukuhlomisa inqwaba isisekelo, ukubala inani yinqwaba kuzokuvumela ukwakha ukwakhiwa eliphezulu ukuthi izothatha isikhathi eside.

yinqwaba igobolondo

Asikwazi ukuhlukanisa kwagcizelela yinqwaba ukhonkolo, bezinhlamvu, okuyinto anikezwa yokukhipha inhlabathi isivuno sisiningi kakhulu khona bese wagcwalisa ngokuphelele nge mix ukhonkolo. yinqwaba ramming uhlobo sokuxazulula nge ukunciphisa zenhlabathi, okuholela umgodi emva ukhonkolo kwaleso esibekiwe, esinguJesu kumele ohlangene, ukugcwalisa izingqimba. Kufutfumeta isisekelo inqwaba, njengoba umthetho, is hhayi lwenziwa.

Izinhlobonhlobo inqwaba isisekelo uhlobo eziveza imithwalo futhi ezihlukahlukene kwagcizelela izingongolo ukhonkolo

Uma ucabangela isisekelo inqwaba, kuyafaneleka ukuthi kukhona ukwahlukana yayo by izinhlobo kusekela ukuthi zisekelwe umthwalo esindayo. Kukhona inqwaba-ukuma adlulisa amandla phansi ngokuphelele, umthwalo kuyinto ukwakhiwa. Kungenziwa ayinabantu, nesikhathi yinqwaba uhlanganyela, okuyinto abe umthwalo ohlangothini phansi ebhekene nayo manje.

Ngaphezu ngezigaba standard, kukhona izinhlobonhlobo eziningana Precast izisekelo ukhonkolo, okuyinto kungahluka ukuma cross-Sectional, ukuze kungaba elingunxande, flange imishayo, sikwele, nge indiza round, isikwele ongaphambili omise. Kungenzeka ukuhlukanisa isisekelo inqwaba futhi indlela yokwakha ukusekelwa, kanye ukubulawa kwabo ukumisa. Lokhu kuvumela isakhiwo support nekhono, futhi yakhiwa izakhi ehlukile. Yinqwaba ungaba ekupheleni ezahlukene, ukuma kungenzeka tapered, nge yedwa enwetshiwe, etholakala ekhelini elithi: ohlangothini engezansi, kanye livuliwe noma livaliwe ngokuphelele. Uma ufuna ukuba kalula futhi ngokushesha ukushayela enhlabathini, kubalulekile ukukhetha ezicijile, ematheni enwetshiwe, ngeke uvumele izakhi ukuba sinqotshwe amabutho ukuthi isinyathelo emakhazeni phezu break, njengoba lokhu kungenzeka ukukhipha kwezinsika.

Iziphi ezinye izinhlobo inqwaba isisekelo

Uma ucabangela izinhlobo inqwaba isisekelo, kufanele sinake eziningi izingongolo uzobe wokwakha. Kubalulekile ukuba acabangele yesisindo into nokwakhiwa ukumisa, ukuhlukanisa zama-inqwaba isekela lezi nemingcele. phakathi kokunye kufanele ugcizelele inqwaba eyodwa, ezisetshenziswa ezimweni lapho kunesidingo ukuze uthumele umthwalo kusuka endaweni encane ukwakhiwa, kuyiqiniso, lapho ikhaya iphrojekthi, kukhona amakholomu. Kaningi lokhu samuntu isetshenziswa lapho inqwaba uqobo uba ikholomu. Uma unquma ukusebenzisa isisekelo inqwaba-tape, ekubalweni inani yinqwaba ukuze kwenziwe nguwe. Le nkinga singamethemba ubuciko. Lokhu base isetshenziswa, uma sihlelwe ukwakha isakhiwo enwetshiwe noma ogibele azungezwe ukusekelwa isakhiwo. Uma sisebenzisa okuthiwa inqwaba ezihlabayo, umthwalo iyothathwa izinsika eziningana, okuyinto basuke bagxila ngaphansi elementi eyodwa isakhiwo. Singakhuluma mayelana ikholomu elilodwa. Ungasebenzisa inqwaba ensimini, le project ihlanganisa ilungiselelo esihleliwe izisekelo of lokungcolisa isakhiwo. Njengomthetho, ikhambi elinjalo isetshenziswa ezimweni lapho isakhiwo sinzima futhi okukhulu kakhulu. Izinhlobonhlobo inqwaba imibhobho yensimbi yokwakha izisekelo, kungakhathalekile ngezigaba zabo, ezivame kakhulu zisetshenziswa kanye namanzi. Kuyinto iqembu noma Monolithic isakhiwo, esiklanyelwe sihlanganise ukusekelwa isilungisiwe.

Izinhlobonhlobo nge inqwaba isisekelo grillage

Inqwaba isisekelo, ukwakhiwa ingaqukatha isisekelo isihlenga, ngezinye izikhathi ongaphakeme. Inama ngaphansi kwamanzi emhlabathini, ebe egcina kungenzeka yokusabalalisa umthwalo wadluliselwa base indawo isakhiwo. Eyesibili uhlobo isisekelo - anda, esemgwaqweni ngaphezu komhlabathi, ngaphandle ukuthi kungenzeka ukudlulisela voltage phansi. izisekelo High esetshenziswa ekwakhiweni izakhiwo wokubacindezela futhi amabhuloho kulezo zimo lapho isakhiwo sihlelelwe khona izindawo ezingaphansi komhlaba. Njengoba izici eziyinhloko grillage izenzo kudingeka ukuhlanganisa isakhiwo ukhonkolo kanye yinqwaba. Ikhishwa msebenzi yokugcizelela isakhiwo. Okwamanje lapho Amabha steel abekwa ku kahle ngaphansi ukusekelwa, ubude bazo kufanele sibe ngaphezu ubude ezisekelweni. Lokhu kuzovumela ekwakhiweni isihlenga isisekelo ukwakha isakhiwo Monolithic.

Ukwakheka inqwaba isisekelo

Uma kubuyekezwe izinhlobo inqwaba izisekelo, kuwufanele bajwayelane kwakhiwa isisekelo. Uhlelo siqukethe imithombo, kanye ungangenisi amanzi, ogxile material ukufulela. Yalesi ezibonakalayo zigoqiwe tube, okuyinto kufanele iqukathe izingqimba eziningana. Basuke kokuqina steel wire, okuzoba ingxenye formwork. Kwembulunga isisekelo inqwaba ukwenza noma okunzima kakhulu. Ngo inqubo ukwakhiwa ipayipi ifakwe kahle. Uma umthombo waterproofed, kutuswa ukuba enze ngekwendzawo ukuqinisa yezinyoni. It izokuba ezimile ukuqinisa, okuyinto eqondiswa nomunye ezivundlile. Ngemva kwalokho, eseqedile kahle, afake ukufulela oyibamba njengoba formwork futhi ungangenisi amanzi, egcwele ukhonkolo.

A ukucabanga elula yokuthola inani elidingekayo of yinqwaba

Uma unqume ukwakha isisekelo inqwaba, ukubala inani yinqwaba zingaba nguchwepheshe. Le nombolo kuzoncika isisindo nokwakhiwa osayizi, ibanga isilinganiso phakathi amabombo kufanele kube ngale ndlela. Uma sikhuluma indlu yamapulangwe, isinyathelo phakathi yinqwaba kufanele alingane ngamamitha amathathu. Kufanele acabangele skeleton-isihlangu, Uhlaka endlini izingodo kanye labo abenziwe izingodo. Uma wakha indlu ngokhonkolo evundile, ilahle amabhulokhi amagwebu ukhonkolo, ibanga akufanele bube ngaphezu kuka-2 amamitha. Ukuze ezicijile ukukhanya ukuhambisa phakathi amabombo ziyahlukahluka uhla kusuka ngamamitha 3 kuya 3.5. Uma umthwalo umoya kusishiya sibambe ongezansi, ibanga kuyehla kube 2.5 m. Ngaphambi ukwakha isisekelo inqwaba, ukubala inani yinqwaba kufanele kwenziwe saziso. Ngenxa yalesi isikimu esithathwayo engaphansi noma ukwakhiwa esitezi sokuqala. Ekuqaleni kosuku, inkosi kumele lihlele yinqwaba into esiyibonisa ngezikhathi ezithile izakhiwo. Kungani ngidinga beka inqwaba kulezo zindawo do lapho wajoyina kwezindonga engaphakathi futhi yangaphandle, kanye izindonga izithelo. Intulo inqwaba-imibhobho yensimbi yokwakha izisekelo ekubalweni lemali ungakwazi afeze kwayona, lizisho okwenza uhlelo. Kutholwe phakathi yinqwaba kudingeka ukumaka isikhundla ezisekelweni izindonga kwangaphakathi futhi yangaphandle ukuze uhambise phakathi kwabo aba kakhulu kunasekuqaleni, ngokuba kuchazwa ngenhla, kuye ngokuthi isisindo uhlobo ekhaya. Ezinye izindaba zika-isikhala udinga ugcwalise ezisekelweni ukuze ibanga phakathi yinqwaba eduze wayengasakwazi ibalwa, okungukuthi 2 no-3 amamitha.

isiphetho

Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukufakwa inqwaba isisekelo ukuthi iqalise khona izigxobo ezimbili endaweni lapho eziko noma isitofu itholakala. Inani lokugcina kuzoncika Ubukhulu inqwaba heater.