Indlela yokubhala kusuka efulethini akuyona umnikazi? Ngingakwazi yini ukuphuma endlini ngaphandle kwemvume?

Akuzona njalo kunzima kakhulu ukubhala indlu ngaphandle kwefulethi, kodwa lokhu kuyadingeka ukuthi ufake isicelo enkantolo. Ngezinye izikhathi ukuxoshwa ngokuphoqeleka kulungile, isibonelo, lapho umqashi engozini yempahla ngenxa yokudala isimo esiyingozi somlilo.

Izimo zokukhishwa komhlali ohlala endlini

1. Uma indlu itholakele ngumnikazi ngokwakho nangaphambi komshado, khona-ke ngesikhathi sehlukaniso umlingani womthetho akasenalo ilungelo lokuhlala kuleli gumbi. Isigaba 31 se-LC RF sibonisa ukuthi uma ukuxoshwa kwenqatshelwe, inkantolo izokhipha isinqumo ngokushiya okuphoqelekile kwesikhala esiphilayo.
2. Uma indlu ingazange ibhaliswe, ayisetshenziselwa injongo yayo ehlosiwe. Ngaphansi kwe-Article 91 ye-RC RF, lokhu kulimaza impahla noma izenzo ezingekho emthethweni maqondana nomakhelwane. Abaqashi abanjalo bangaxoshwa kalula, kodwa kuqala labo abaqashi abangenelisekile ngomuntu othize kufanele babhale izitatimende ezisekelwe kumqashi, lapho zichaza ngokucacile izidingo kuye. Isixwayiso sithunyelwe egameni lakhe, ngokuvamile okungekho umphumela. Lapho umqashi ethola isaziso, ungafaka isicelo enkantolo.
3. Uma kungekho muntu ehostlini isikhathi eside. Lesi sici sivumelekile kuphela uma umqashi engakhokhi intela, ngenkathi engahlali efulethini futhi enezinye izindlu enkantolo ezingazibona zihlala njalo futhi zifanelekile ukuhlala.
4. Ukubhaliswa kule ndawo kwenzeka ngemva kokubambisana nomnikazi wokugcina. Umnikazi wefulethini unelungelo lokubhala kalula endlini hhayi umnikazi. Noma kunjalo, lokhu kungenzeka akusebenzi kubantwana, ngoba ukukhishwa kwabo kuvunyelwe umthetho. Kuphela ezimweni ezingavamile kungenzeka ukubhala ingane ngaphandle kwendlu.
5. Uma indlu ithola umnikazi njengesipho noma ngokuvumelana nentando, uma kufike ngesikhathi sokuthola abhalisiwe.
6. Ukubhala ingane encane endlini kungenzeka kuphela uma yena, kanye nomgcini wezomthetho, ehlala kwenye indawo ephilayo.

Ukukhipha umlingani ngaphandle kwemvume yakhe efulethini elingasese

Ngokuvamile lesi senzo singenziwa ngokushesha futhi kungekho izindleko ezibalulekile zomsebenzi. Kukhona imithethonqubo elawula ukukhishwa komunye womlingani ovela endlini uma indawo yokuhlala ibhaliswe omunye wabo ngaphambi kokubhaliswa okusemthethweni ehhovisi lokubhalisa.

Bhala oshade naye ongeyena umnikazi wefulethi, ungakwazi uma ufaka isicelo esijwayelekile enkantolo. Kuvunyelwe ukuxosha esakhiweni hhayi kuphela umlingani ngokwakhe, kodwa wonke amalungu omndeni wakhe. Lesi sici sigunyazwe yi-Article 31 ye-RF LC, ephendula umbuzo: ngingabhala kanjani endlini.

Akunakwenzeka ukubhala omunye wabashade abashade ngesikhathi sokungena ngaphansi kwezindlu, ngisho noma lowo muntu enqaba ukuhlanganyela engxenyeni. Uma kungekho ukuhlanganyela emakhakheni, lowo oshade naye akanelungelo lokulahla impahla ethile, kodwa angaphila endlini ukuze kube nesilinganiso esingenamkhawulo. Lona impendulo yombuzo ukuthi umnikazi wendawo yokuhlala angabhala yini oshade naye.

Umnikazi wefulethi unelungelo lokwenza noma yiziphi izenzo ngefulethi, isibonelo, uthengise indlu noma ingxenye yayo, noma uyiqashise. Noma kunjalo, ngolwazi okufanele lufunwe ngabathengi noma abaqashi, ulwazi lwabaqashi ababhalisiwe kufanele lubalwe.

Ukuze ufeze noma yikuphi izenzo ngezindlu, nakuba umuntu ongaphandle ebhalisiwe kuwo, kunzima kakhulu, ngakho-ke, izindlu zilahlekelwa yilapho kuvela kulokhu noma ngokuvamile zikhishwe emakethe yezindlu. Akunakwenzeka ukufeza ukukhishwa kwesihlobo, kuphela izimvume ezingasetshenziswa. Akunakwenzeka njalo ukubhala noma yikuphi umuntu ovela endlini efihliwe.

Izimo zokukhishwa komlingani

Uma kwakukhona umbuzo ukuthi ungabhala kanjani umkakho ngaphandle kwefulethi, kufanele uqaphele ukuthi lelo thuba livela lapho kungekho muntu oshade naye efulethini noma wenqaba ukukhokha intela. Futhi lesi sici asinandaba ukuthi umqashi unikeze okungenani ingxenye yemali edingekayo kuye. Ngesikhathi esifanayo yena (yena) anenye indawo ephilayo ehlangabezana nazo zonke izindlela zokuphila okunethezeka, ungabhala ngaphandle kwendawo yokuhlala. Kuphela okudingayo ukukhumbula ukuthi lowo oqashile unelungelo lokunikeza ulwazi oluzokwenza ukuthi (i) yakhe ingakhokhi imali yokukhokha, futhi ngezinye izikhathi inkantolo ezinjalo zibeka inkokhelo kwizitolimende. Leli qiniso kufanele licatshangelwe uma uzama ukuthola ukuthi umnikazi wendawo yokuhlala angabhala umuntu ngaphandle.

I-Algorithm yezenzo zokukhishwa komqashi kusuka efulethini elingasetshenzisiwe

Ukuze uthole ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuba uphume endlini, udinga ukuya enkantolo. Okokuqala, kukhishwe isimangalo, esichaza isidingo sokuba umqashi aqede ilungelo lokusebenzisa indlu. Ngokwehlukana, kubalulekile ukukhuluma iqiniso lokuxoshwa nokususwa kusuka ebhalweni. Uma udinga ukuxosha ilungu langaphambili lomndeni, udinga ukwenza isitatimende esihlukile. Leli phepha linikezwa enkantolo, lapho isikhala esiphila khona sibalwa ngesifunda. Ukuze wenze isitatimende esifanele sokumangalelwa, udinga ukuhlaziya zonke izifiso zakho futhi uchaze ukuthi kungani umqashi ofanelwe ukuxoshwa.

Enkantolo yesifunda kuyadingeka ukuthi ungathwali isicelo kuphela, kodwa futhi ukukhiqiza imibhalo yezindlu. Zihlanganisa isivumelwano-nesisekelo nokuqinisekisa ukuthi umnikazi umuntu othile. Zonke iziphambeko ezenziwa ngumqashi kufanele zibhalwe futhi zifakwe kulesi sicelo. Leli yiqiniso lemali ekhokha ekukhokheni komasipala, izicelo ezikhona zokusingathwa kwempahla ngendlela engafanele, futhi uma oshade naye ekhishwa, kudingekile ukuba anikeze isitifiketi sokuhlukanisa.

Lapho lowo oshade naye efika ngesikhathi esimisiwe enkundleni yenkantolo, umfakisicelo uzuza ngokuzenzakalelayo kule nqubo. Uma lowo oshade naye engasayi enkantolo, inqubo ingahlala iminyaka, ngoba icala lizohlehliswa ngezikhathi ezithile.

Isinqumo senkantolo esingalindelekile

Uma ijaji lenza isinqumo sokukhipha umuntu, unelungelo lokuhlaziya isimo sakhe sezezimali. Uma ummeleli wenkantolo ethola ukuthi imali ayanele ngokomuntu obhalwe phansi, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo asikho isikhala sokuhlala esifanele, khona-ke angabangela izihlobo zangaphambili ukuba zihambe kulo mfelokazi isikhathi esithile. Lokhu kufanele kucatshangelwe uma kuphakama umbuzo: bangakwazi yini ukukhishwa endlini?

Ngezinye izikhathi inkantolo inquma ukuthi umfakisicelo kumele ahlinzekele ngokuzimela izindlu ezifanele isikhathi esinikeziwe, lapho inkantolo yanikeza khona ukuhlehliswa kwesinqumo. Zonke izinqumo zenkantolo kumele ziphoqelelwe ngokuhambisana ngokuqinile nezidingo zomthetho, ngakho-ke, kwezinye izimo, inqubo yenkantolo yokukhipha umqashi kusuka endlini ingahle ingabi nandaba nommangali.

Ukulinganiselwa ekulungiseleleni isicelo sokukhishwa

Kunezici ezithile ezilawula ukukhishwa kwendawo yokuhlala lapho inqubo yobunikazi yenziwe khona. Uma ngabe ubunikazi bekwenziwa ngabambhangqwana ndawonye, futhi kule nqubo izihlobo zomuntu oshade nabo zahlanganyela, akunakwenzeka ukubhala endlini hhayi umnikazi. Uma benqabe ukuhlanganyela efulethini, okungukuthi, banquma ukweqa isabelo ngenxa yokuphila, khona-ke inkantolo ayikwazi ukunquma ukukhishwa kwabo. Ungashintsha indlu, kodwa udinga imvume yezihlobo zangaphambili. Ngaphandle kwakhe, awukwazi ukwenza noma yini ngezindlu.

Kukhona ithuba lokubhala kusuka endlini hhayi umnikazi, obanikezwe isikhathi esithile sokuhlala ejele. Unelungelo lokufuna ukubuyiselwa kwelungelo lakhe lokuhlala endaweni ephilayo lapho ebuya endaweni yokulahla inkululeko. Ngalesi sikhathi, abanikazi bangathengisa indlu, kodwa-ke ukuthengiselana kuzobhekwa njengokungafaneleki, futhi kuyodingeka ubuyisele imali kubathengi.

Khipha efulethini likamasipala

Ifulethini likamasipala linomphathi wendawo, ongumninindlu wabantu abanamalungelo kule ndawo yokuhlala. Umqashi nanoma yimuphi umuntu obhalisiwe kule ndawo. Ukuxosha labo baqashi abadala ukuphazamiseka okuthile noma balahlekelwe amalungelo ezindlini, kubalulekile ukuqondiswa yi-Article 91 ye-RC RF.

Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani umuntu engakhululwa ehostlini kamasipala.

1. Lapho umqashi ehlela ukungabi namthetho futhi enze izenzo ezingekho emthethweni ngokumelene nabanye abaqashi bendawo ethile. Futhi, ukukhishwa kunokwenzeka uma kwenzeka ukwephulwa kwamalungelo hhayi omakhelwane kuphela endaweni ephilayo, kodwa nangomnyango. Lezi zici kufanele zibhalwe, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke kube khona isiqiniseko sokuthi kukhona isizathu sokukhipha endlini ngaphandle kwemvume yomqashi.
2. Ukwenqaba ukukhokha izikweletu zesevisi. Ukungahambisani nokukhokhiswa kwemali ekhokhwayo noma ngisho nanoma iyiphi imali yokukhokha izikweletu ezikhokhweni zesevisi kungaba yisizathu sokukhishwa komuntu kusuka ezindlini. Ngokuvamile inkantolo, lapho yenza isinqumo esihle, ifuna ukukhipha isikhathi esincane ukuxosha umoni nomndeni wakhe endlini. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi umthetho uvimbela abanye abanikazi ekukhokhweni kwemalikhwama yezinsiza ezingabelwe zona, ngakho akekho okwazi ukukhokhela ezinye izikweletu zabantu.

Izizathu zesibili zokuya enkantolo

1. Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhala sabo sokuphila akuyona injongo yaso ehlosiwe, kepha sebenzisa ukuhweba noma ezinye izinhloso eziphikisana nomthetho.
2. Isimo sefulethi asinakuqhathaniswa ngenxa yokuwohloka kwezindlu kusukela ezenzweni zomuntu okhishwayo. Lesi sici sicatshangelwa ikakhulu yinkantolo phambi kwezicelo ezivela kubaqashi noma izitifiketi zabo. Isici esibaluleke kunazo zonke yisongelo lokubhujiswa okuphelele noma okuncane kwendawo yokuhlala kusukela ezenzweni ezingekho emthethweni zalowo oqashiwe.

Uma uhlala ndawonye ngemva kokuhlukanisa futhi ufuna ukubhalisa umuntu owake wangena naye, kudingeka uqiniseke ukuthi (yena) unendawo yakhe yokuhlala. Uma kungekho, ke, ngaphandle kokunikeza ikhaya elisha kumuntu owakwakho wokuqala, ngeke ukwazi ukuphuma endlini ngaphandle kwemvume.

I-algorithm yezenzo zokukhishwa kwindlu yokuhlala kamasipala

1. Isiphathimandla sikamasipala kufanele saziswe ukuthi omunye walabo abaqashile bazivumela ukuba bachithe isimo esiphezulu sefulethi ngaphambi kokuba isicelo sithunyelwe enkantolo. Le nhlangano yenza isixwayiso futhi iyithumela egameni lomqashi. Lesi sici sichazwe ku-Article 91 se-RC RF.
2. Ukwenza isitatimende sokumangalelwa ngokuthunyelwa kuthunyelwe enkantolo yesifunda ngumfakisicelo ngokwakhe noma ummeleli wakhe. Yonke imibhalo ephathelene nendawo yokuhlala kanye nabaqashi bomqashi kufanele inikezwe kanye nesicelo.
3. Ngaphambi komhlangano, inkantolo iqhuba uphenyo olukhethekile, lapho kutholakala khona ukugunyazwa kwamacala, futhi usuku lomhlangano luqokwa.

Izinkinga ekukhuleni

Kunezici ezithile ezidingeka zicatshangelwe ngaphambi kokuya enkantolo. Ngokuvamile kunemibuzo eyengeziwe mayelana nokukhishwa komuntu ongakahlali endlini isikhathi eside. Isigaba 71 se-RF CC siqondisa ukuthi iqiniso elihlukile lokungabikho komuntu ohlala isikhathi eside endaweni yokuhlala ngeke kusize ukubhala umuntu ngaphandle kwendlu. Isigaba 72 sichaza isixazululo esisemthethweni kule nkinga: ilungelo lokushintshaniswa okuphoqelelwe kwezindlu zomasipala kufanele lisetshenziswe. Kubuye kunzima kakhulu ukuloba ingane ngaphandle kwendlu yokuhlala kamasipala.

Uma engekho iqiniso eliqinisekisiwe lokungakhokhwa kwezindleko zesevisi, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lesi sici asiyona isizathu sokukhishwa komuntu. Lapho ama-akhawunti akho ehlukanisiwe, iqiniso lokungakhokhwa licacile. Futhi uma omunye wezihlobo njalo ekhokhela indlu, futhi omunye umuntu wenqaba, khona-ke lokhu akumniki ilungelo lokulibhala, ngoba bonke abantu ababhalisiwe banelungelo lokuhlala efulethini lapho bekhokha izikweletu zabo ngokugcwele.

Izici zezinqumo zenkantolo

Ngezinye izikhathi iqiniso lokungakhokhwa kwemali ekhokhelwa usizo lombonakaliso, kepha inkantolo ikhipha umuntu emithwalweni yalokhu. Le nkambo yezenzakalo kungenzeka uma omunye wabaqashi engakhokheli indlu, okubhekiswe ekuntulekeni kwemali engenayo, futhi lokhu kungachazwa ngezinkinga zezempilo noma isidingo sokunakekela isihlobo esiseduze. Owesifazane ukhululwa okwesikhashana esivumelwaneni sokukhokha izikweletu zomsebenzi uma ekhulisa ingane encane.

Ngakho-ke, uma uzama ukubhala umuntu ngeqiniso lokungakhokhwa kwezindleko zomsebenzi wendawo yokuhlala, udinga ukuhlola ukutholakala kwezici ezingase zivumele umqashi.

Ukukhishwa komuntu kusuka endlini ehlala yindawo yakhe ngaphansi kwesivumelwano sesipho

Isigaba 292 se- Code Civil ye-Russian Federation ilawula ilungelo lomnikazi, okunikezwe kuyo indlu, ukubhala kuwo wonke umuntu ngaphandle kwemvume yakhe. Le nqubo yenziwa enkantolo, ngaphansi kwesimo esithile se-algorithm yezenzo.

Izimo ezingenzeka kungenzeka:

1. Isigatshana sesi-2 se-Article 292 se-Code Civil ye-Russian Federation yisisekelo sokukhishwa kwalabo abaqashile, ngoba iqiniso lokudluliswa kwempahla ngesisekelo sesivumelwano sesipho ngokuzenzakalelayo lishiya bonke abahlali ababhalisiwe ilungelo lokuhlala endlini.
2. Uma oshade naye enikeza indlu ngesikhathi esishadile, kungenzeka ukuthi uyibhala ngaphandle kwezindlu kuphela ngemva kokuba isehlukaniso senzeke. Lokhu kukhulunywe ngakho kwisigaba 31 se-RC RF.
3. Ukungahambisani nomthetho ongenamkhawulo wokukhipha abaqashi kusuka efulethini elinikeziwe kungukuba khona kwabantu abangakafiki abantu abadala. Inkantolo ingavumela ukuxoshwa kwezingane ezivela endlini, kodwa isimo salokhu kufanele kube ukutholakala kwezindlu zabo ngezimo zokuphila ezikhululekile futhi inani elifanele lamamitha ayizibalo.

I-Algorithm yezenzo zokuxoshwa efulethini elidluliselwe ngaphansi kwesivumelwano sesipho

Isitatimende sokumangalelwa senziwa, lapho abantu okufanele bahlwithwe ilungelo lokuhlala efulethini babhalwe ngokuningiliziwe, kanye nesicelo sokususwa kwabo kumarekhodi okubhalisa ezindlini ezithile. Isicelo kumele sithunyelwe enkantolo yesifunda. Kubalulekile ukuyihlanganisa ngokufanele, ukuze inkantolo isenze isinqumo esihle. Uma amaqiniso akhulunywa ngokungalungile noma isethi engaphelele yamadokhumenti anikeziwe, kungenzeka ukuthi isitatimende sizobuyiselwa futhi, noma noma yiziphi amaphuzu abalulekile azolahlekelwa.

Kanye nesivumelwano sesipho, isicelo sithunyelwa enkantolo yesifunda ukuze siqinisekise ilungelo layo lokuzuza ifulethi. Futhi, kudinga idokhumenti eqinisekisa ukubhaliswa kobunikazi ezingeni likahulumeni. Uma kunesidingo, isitifiketi sokuhlukanisa sinikezwa.

Izici zeseshini zenkantolo

Uma iseshini yenkantolo isenzeka, ijaji linquma ukuphelisa ilungelo lokuhlala endlini yomuntu othile. Ngokujwayelekile isinqumo senziwe masinyane kumuntu ofake isicelo, ngaphandle uma kwenziwa umzamo wokubhalela ingane encane endlini.

Ngezinye izikhathi ubunzima bokukhupha umuntu buvela ezimweni lapho umuntu engenakukwazi khona: isibonelo, umbhede-noma umuntu okhubazekile ongenakuzinakekela yena futhi akanakho izindlu ezengeziwe. Inkantolo inganquma ukushiya umuntu onjalo ehlala endlini. Noma kunjalo, izimo ezinjalo azivamile.