Indlela ukucacisa kwabantu itshe?

Zonke amaminerali (namatshe bhekisa it amaminerali) anezici emibili ebalulekile - isisindo kanye kwabantu. Futhi ukuminyana itshe kubalulekile ngomqondo luyingxenye esisebenzayo - ukubala zigcine imali amaminerali.

Yiziphi kulezi zici?

Ukuze noma iluphi udaba ngaphansi kwabantu libhekisela mass ehlukaniswa ivolumu iyunithi. Njengoba amatshe (isb amaminerali) babe non-iyunifomu ukwakheka kanye zihlanganisa ezahlukene e-athomu mass izakhi, ubunjalo bomzimba density zabo zingahluka kakhulu. Futhi amatshe ukuminyana akuxhomekile nje kuphela esimweni kobukhulu izakhi, izingxenye zawo, kodwa futhi ku uvalwe kanjani "igcwele" isakhiwo sabo sangaphakathi izinhlayiya aphansi.

Isifundo imibuzo amaminerali kwabantu ukwenza mineralogy. itshe ukuminyana ibalwa sokuhlukanisa isisindo isampula per unit umthamo lamanzi esiphethu ku isisindo ivolumu esifanayo 4 ⁰S. Ngokwesibonelo, abangu-200 igramu isampula isisindo. Amanzi e esilinganayo 40 amagremu. Kulokhu, kwabantu kwalelo tshe uyakuphohlozwa, ukuba alingane 5.

Ayephila kwabantu amadwala amakhilogremu ngalinye imitha cubic, noma amagremu ngamunye isentimitha cubic.

Indlela yokuthola kwabantu itshe?

Pho-ke, it is kunqunywa kwabantu itshe? Inqubo ulula - bakale sampuli kuqala emoyeni bese emanzini. Ngokusho Archimedes 'isimiso, umehluko etholwe oluhambisana nenqwaba yamanzi displaces isampuli. Ubuningi ibalwa sokuhlukanisa isisindo isampula emoyeni kule umehluko.

Kuye kwabantu namaminerali kungaba imnene, ngokulinganisela, ezinzima futhi esinzima. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuminyana egwadle itshe - 2600 kg / m³. Okuthathelwa kukho ukukhanya kwabantu esingeqile 2.5 g / cm³, naphakathi - ke zokhahlamba kusuka 2.5 kuya 4 g / cm³, esindayo - kusuka 4 kuya kwezingu-8 g / cm³. amaminerali kwabantu okwedlula 8 g / cc kukhona amatshe nzima kakhulu.

I kwabantu of ayigugu

Ngaphezu kwalokho kwabantu kanye nezinye izici - ubulukhuni amaminerali ayigugu noma amagugu kangaka eqakathekileko njengoba isisindo, ulinganiswa amagremu noma Carat (y amapharele - e grana).

Ukuze uqonde isilinganiso amayunithi idatha, uqaphele: 1 Carat oluhambisana angu-200, e unqenqema angu-50, okungukuthi, 1 Carat elilingana obune. Ukumeda ukunemba amagugu - ezindaweni ezimbili okubala ngeshumi.

Woza lab

Indlela ukukala kwabantu donsa. amatshe e-laboratory? Kuhle ukuhanjwa le ndlela hydrostatic. Isimiso sakhe kwahlongozwa ngu usosayensi ngesiGreki Archimedes emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka adlule. Ingqikithi isimiso eyaziwa physics esikoleni Yiqiniso, lokhu: umzimba egxilile uketshezi exoshwa ngamandla, okuyinto ilingana isisindo uketshezi dengwane ngokuvumelana emzimbeni.

Uma sikubeka kalula, uma uzihlanganisa itshe bese uphonsa emanzini, isisindo salo yehla ngokuqhathaniswa nokwangempela ku okuningi ukala umthamo wamanzi dengwane yiwo. Kuyaqondakala ukuthi leli nani ukuba alingane ivolumu ayo itshe.

Ngakho by amatshe ngokulandelana enesisindo emoyeni, bese emanzini singathola yonke idatha ezidingekayo sokubalwa.

Zonke - ngokwemvelo!

Ake Manje phenya izinto itshe yemvelo. Ababona, njengoba wazi, kukhona izinhlobo eziningana. Kusukela iphuzu eliwusizo umbono, yisiphi zohlobo theka komunye amaqembu amabili - ongaphakeme-amandla noma eqinile.

Mathiriyeli iqembu uqale nobulukhuni eliphakeme, futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke, isakhiwo medium noma indawo. Okubizwa ngokuthi isimo nevyvetrennom banayo ukumuncwa amanzi kancane. Ngamanye (ephansi amandla) idwala, njengoba leli gama lisikisela, amandla kuyinto ephansi kakhulu. Baphinde babe degree kakhulu kunalokhu yamanzi ukumuncwa.

Ngezinye izikhathi lapho siqaphela izinhlobo itshe ukuze kunqunywe ubulukhuni bayo. In the field, kungcono ukukwenza ngosizo t. N. isihlobo Mohs isikali kanye namanye amathuluzi atholakalayo. Njengoba ehamba phambili efana ngokurhaba ingaba njengesihluthulelo uhlamvu lwemali, ucezu lwengilazi, ifayela, inaliti steel noma ummese, ezejwayelekile ingilazi umsiki noma idayimane. I kwabantu isilinganiso itshe kuqakathekile ekutholeni zohlobo yakhe. Ukuba kunqunywa kwaleli nani lingase ezikhonjwe idwala ngokuhlwaya emithombolwazini amatafula ethize.

Thina ukubala kwabantu amatshe zemvelo

Ungakwazi ukubala kanjani kwabantu kusho isampuli-itshe? I nemishini edingekayo ukuze lokhu - iqoqo izikali ezinesisindo kanye isampula ivolumu amakhono nesilinganiso, nokuba ukuma okungajwayelekile.

Indlela elula yokwenza lokhu ngokubheja isamba esithile uMbhalo iziqu cishe isigamu ilitha. Ku-cylinder enjalo kuthululwe 200-300 ml amanzi bese ubeka test ucezu itshe impahla.

Umthamo inani lamanzi afakwe isampuli obonwa umthamo wamanzi dengwane yibo. Khona-ke, abantu abaningi babo sokuhlukanisa yi ibalwa ivolumu isilinganiso ukulungele ukuminyana impahla.

Yini kubalulekile ukucabangela?

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi le ndlela kuphela efanelekayo aminyene idwala zamatshe ongaphakeme amanzi ukumuncwa (ngaphansi kwama-2%). Uma lesi sici lingaphezulu (kufika ku-5%), isampula ezomile ngaphambilini kuhlaziywe ekuqaleni afakwe naphakathi aqueous ukuba Gcwalisa isikhala. Khona-ke, kwabantu isilinganiso inqunywa indlela ngenhla. Gcwalisa isikhala kubhekwa ephelele uma isisindo amanzi ukumuncwa iyeke zikhule.

amatshe ukungena nakwamanye amazwe (avame limestone noma tuff) abe namandla ongaphakeme. Ziyakwazi kulula ukubhekana - a hacksaw ezivamile wabona isampula ukuma oyifunayo (isib cube) futhi nesilinganiso sobuso ukubala umthamo yayo.

Do it ngokwakho

Uma engekho enkundleni iziqu isilinda anele ukunquma inani lamanzi dengwane kanje. Ngo isiphi isitsha metallic bunjwa cylindrical kancane ngezansi phezulu izimbobo Punch udonga nail ezivamile, is ke zifakwe uvule imbobo, okuyinto kungabuye ekhiqizwa ngokuzimela, ukuvula iyiphi ifilimu. Vikela uMbhalo e nodonga lwawo ubumba noma iyiphi impahla efanayo.

Ngakho, omasha imitha piston. Uma lo mshini isetshenziswa ngokuqhubekayo, kunengqondo solder steel ipayipi noma zethusi.

Amatshe, babe ngumsebenzi wezandla zomuntu

Konke ebhaliwe ngenhla ubhekisela amatshe zemvelo. Futhi manje sekuyisikhathi ukhulume yokufakelwa. Zingaba odongeni, umgwaqo kanye izindiza. Lokhu kufanele kubandakanye ukhonkolo tile ophahla namathayili kuvuleke, kanye zonke izinhlobo endaweni abayizimpumputhe, izitebhisi netakhiwo ngefasitele.

Esikhathini ukukhiqizwa cishe zonke lezi yamadwala nasemigodini eRussia nakwamanye amazwe, usebenzisa esiqinile namazinga obuchwepheshe. Bona lokulawula zonke izici eziyinhloko - izinga izinto zokusetshenziswa, isayizi shape cross-Sectional, impahla ngokomzimba futhi mechanical (kuhlanganise ukuminyana ukhonkolo amabhlogo).

Lezi zimfuneko zincike esimweni yokusebenza lolumiselwe kanye izinto ezazikhona.

kungaba Yini itshe wokufakelwa?

Ukhonkolo, okuyindawo amatshe zenziwa, kungaba nzima noma ukukhanya. Kwenziwe ngayo amatshe akhe yokufakelwa, ekhiqizwa noma eziyize ngokugcwele izinto ngemizimba yabo. Regulatory isici isilinganiso ngobuningi kwabantu amatshe eziyize kumele singeqi 1650 kg / m³, ngoba corpulent - 2200 kg / m³.

Umsebenzi Wamatshe amayunithi by isilinganiso ukuminyana ezingeni (futhi, ngaphezu, conductivity ezishisayo) zibhekwa ngempumelelo (ukuminyana kuze kufinyelele 1400 kg / m³), kunemibandela ngempumelelo (1 400-1 650 kg / m³) futhi ezinzima (ngaphezu kuka-1 650 kg / m³). Abaningi babo manje wenza kusukela ukhonkolo engasindi, ukuminyana ongaphakeme (kufika ku 1800 kg / m³).

ukhonkolo Heavy (ezihlanganisa isihlabathi) nge nemihuzuko high and low amanzi ukumuncwa isetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni ibhodi noma amatshe endleleni namatshe kuvuleke, njengoba izimo umsebenzi wabo okwedlula odongeni.

Ezahlukene itshe yokufakelwa kanye lokubolekwa, okungase kube isihlabathi asebenza ngebhethri (kuthathwa njengesibikezelo aggregate esihle) noma idwala eliqinile (aggregate indawo). Ngokwesibonelo, amatshe asindayo zamatshe wemvelo zingase zihluke kuye ingxenyenamba - fineness. Ukwakheka ithonya aggregate futhi eside phezu kwabantu itshe yokufakelwa.