Imiyalo yokusetshenziswa: "I-Diaskintest". Incazelo yesilungiselelo, i-analogues

"I-Diaskintest" - iyini? Ukubuyekezwa mayelana nalo mkhiqizo kanye nemiyalo yokusetshenziswa kwayo kuzovela ngezansi. Futhi, uzothola ukuthi ngabe lesi sidakamizwa sinemifanekiselo, lokho okushiwo nokuthi yiziphi izinkomba zokuyisebenzisa.

Ukwakhiwa, ifomu, incazelo yethuluzi lokuxilonga

Iyini isidakamizwe eshiwo ngenhla? Iyini incazelo nemilayezo yokusetshenziswa okusho ngayo? "I-Diaskintest" iyaqhubeka ithengiswa ngendlela yesisombululo esingenbalabala nesicacile, esenzelwe ukuphathwa kwe-intradermal. Ingxenye yayo eyinhloko yiprotheni e-ESAT6-CFP10 ephindaphindiwe, eyakhiwe yikhiqiza eguquguqukayo futhi ihlanjululwe kwisisombululo se-isotonic buffered phosphate (oyinyumba) ngokungezwa kokulondolozwa okunjenge-phenol.

Ngaphandle kwesithako esisebenzayo, le mithi iqukethe izinto ezengeziwe: i-single-potassium phosphate, i-dihydrate i-sodium phosphate engasetshenziswa, i-sodium chloride, amanzi d / u, i- polysorbate 80.

Ukuze uthenge ukulungiswa "i-Diaskintest", imfundo lapho isicelo sisebenza khona kuphakheji ngalinye, kungenzeka emabhodleleni okuglasi anikezwe emaphaketheni eselula.

Inqubo yesenzo somuthi

Imithi ephikisana nayo isebenza kanjani? Uyini umyalo wokusetshenziswa okushoyo? "I-Diaskintest" i-allergen yokuhlushwa e-dilution ejwayelekile. Iqukethe ama-antigens amabili avela ezinkingeni ze-tuberculosis ye-mycobacterium (evuthayo) futhi engekho enkingeni ye-BCG.

Iyini umphumela we-"Diaskintest" imithi? Imfundo ikwazisa ukuthi lokhu kusho ukuveza impendulo yamagciwane yamagciwane kuma-antigen athile we- mycobacterium isifo sofuba.

Ngemuva kokulawulwa kwe-intradermal kwesidakamizwa kubantu abanesifo sofuba, kubangela ukusabela okuqondile esikhumbeni, okuyinto ukubonakaliswa okukhethekile kwe-hypersensitivity yohlobo olwephuzile.

Izimpawu zokusetshenziswa kwesisombululo

Iyini injongo ehlosiwe yale thuluzi? Yiziphi izimpawu eziqukethe imiyalo? "I-Diaskintest" isetshenziselwa ukubeka ukuhlolwa kwe-intradermal kubantu abaneminyaka ehlukene:

• Ukuze kutholakale ukuhlukana kwesifo njengesifo sofuba;
• Ukuthola ukutheleleka kwesifo sofuba, kanye nokuhlolwa komsebenzi we-pathological process kanye nokuhlonza abantu abasengozini enkulu yokuthuthukisa lesi sifo;
• Ukuhlola ukuphumelela kwesifo sofuba ngokuhambisana nezinye izindlela;
• Ukuxilongwa okuhlukile kokusakazekayo, kanye nokwehluleka kokuphuza umzimba (okungukuthi, uhlobo lwe-hypersensitivity elibambezelekile).

Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi imishanguzo ye-Diaskintest (imfundo, ukubuyekezwa kubalulekile ulwazi oluceliwe ukuba luhlolwe ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa) lusetshenziselwa ukuhlola kanye nokuhlolelwa ngabanye ngesifo sofuba. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukuhlolwa kwe-intradermal kwenziwa kuphela ngenhloso yocwaningi (phthisiatrician), kanye nokusekelwa kwayo ngokugcwele.

Ubani obekwe umuthi?

Yiluphi uhlobo lweziguli ezibekwe umuthi obabuzwayo? Imithetho yokusetshenziswa isitshelani ngalokhu? "I-Diaskintest" yokuhlonza isifo sofuba isetshenziswa kubantu abalandelayo:

• Kuhlobene namaqembu aphezulu okutheleleka kokutheleleka kwesifo sofuba, ngokucabangela izinkinga zezenhlalakahle, ezempilo kanye nezifo ze-epidemiological;
• Uqondise umnyango wesifo sofuba esikhungweni sezokwelapha ngenjongo yokuhlolwa okwengeziwe ngomsebenzi nokutholakala kokutheleleka kwesifo sofuba;
• Iqondiswe kubachwepheshe ngemuva kokuthola imiphumela yokuxilongwa kwe-mass tuberculin.

Imithetho yesampula

Ukutholakala kanjani kwesifo sofuba esitholakala nge- Diaskintest? Imfundo yokusetshenziswa iqinisekisa ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-intradermal kwenziwa kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-radiographic kanye nemitholampilo ye-laboratory yesiguli esibhedlela.

Ukuqapha iziguli ezibhaliswe ne-phthisiatrician, ngezimpawu ezihlukahlukene zokutheleleka kwesifo sofuba, isidakamizwa esibuzwayo senziwa ngezikhathi ezinyangeni ezingu-3.5-6. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuhlolwa kokulawulwa kwazo zonke izigungu zeziguli ze-dispensary kuyadingeka.

Ngenxa yokuthi lesi sidakamizwa asibangeli ukubangelwa kwe-hypersensitivity ehlotshaniswa ne-BCG, isampula esingaphakathi nayo ayikwazi ukufaka indawo yokuhlolwa kwe-tuberculin ukukhetha abantu ukugonywa okuyisisekelo, kanye ne-revaccination.

Ukuvimbela ukusebenzisa

Ngaphansi kwaziphi izimo isiguli singakwazi ukuhlola isifo sofuba nge-Diaskintest? Imfundo (umkhiqizi walokhu kusho - ZAO "Generium") ukhuluma ngokuphikisana okulandelayo:

• Izifo ezithathelwanayo zihlala zingelapheki futhi zilukhuni (ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokucindezela), ngaphandle kwamacala okubulawa kwesifo sofuba;
• Izifo zesikhumba evamile;
• Izifo zesinye nesinye nezinye izifo (ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokucima);
• Ukubonakaliswa kokungezwani komzimba.

Umuntu akanakusiza ukusho ukuthi ezikhungweni zezingane, lapho kunesifo sokuhlukanisa izingane ngenxa yokutheleleka kwengane, ukuhlolwa kwe-intradermal kufanele kwenziwe ngemuva kokuba isuswe.

Imiyalo yokusetshenziswa

"I-Diaskintest" isetshenziselwa kuphela udokotela kadokotela. Isampula senziwa ngabasebenzi bezokwelapha abaqeqeshwe, abamukele ukuhlolwa.

Isidakamizwa senziwa kuphela nge-intradermally. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa izigulane ze-tuberculin, kanye nezinaliti ezimfushane nezincanyana ezinomnqamuko we-oblique.

Ngaphambi kokusebenza okuqondile kokulungiswa kubalulekile ukuhlola usuku lokukhishwa kwalo noma isikhathi sokuqinisekisa.

Umjovo wenziwa kanjani? Amaminithi amabili e-agent ehlonza (0.2 ml) adonselwa yisirinji bese isisombululo sikhishwa sibe yithempelini oyinyumba ibe uphawu lwama-0.1 ml.

Ngesikhathi ukwethulwa kwesidakamizwa, isihloko kufanele sibe sesikhundleni sokuhlala. Ukwelapha indawo yesikhumba endaweni yesithathu engaphakathi (isibalo sangaphakathi) nge-70% ye-ethyl utshwala futhi elula kancane izingxenye eziphezulu zezingubo, u-0.1 ml wezidakamizwa ulawulwa.

Ngemuva kokuhlolwa, uhlobo lwama-papule, ama-7-10 mm ngobukhulu, lwakhiwe esikhumbeni somuntu.

Imiphumela

Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-intradermal kufanele ihlolwe udokotela noma unesi ngemuva kwezinsuku ezintathu kusukela ngosuku. Le nqubo yenziwa ngokulinganisa usayizi oguqukayo we-infiltrate kanye ne-hyperemia ye-papule esebenzisa umbusi obala.

Kukhona ukuhlolwa okulandelayo kwempendulo:

• I-Negative - ihambisana nokungabi khona kwama-hypermia nokungena okuphelele, kanye nokutholakala "kokuphendula okungenayo", ubukhulu bayo abudluli u-2 mm.
• Akungabazeki - okubonakala ngokuba khona kwamaphrofomu, kodwa ngaphandle kokungenelela.
• Okuhle - kuhambisana nokuba khona kwe-infiltrate kwanoma yisiphi isayizi.

Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi ukusabela okuhle kumuthi obhekene nombuzo kuhlukaniswa ngokwemigomo elandelayo:

• Okulinganiselwe (ubukhulu be-infiltrate buyi-5-9 mm);
• Ichazwe kancane (kufika ku-5 mm);
• Kuvezwe (10-14 mm);
• Ukusabela giperergicheskaya (15 mm nangaphezulu).

Abantu abanomphumela omuhle nokungaqondakali kulo muthi bahlolelwa isifo sofuba.

Imiphumela emibi

Ingabe ukuhlolwa kwe-intradermal nge-Diaskintest kungabangela ukusabela okubi? Imfundo (ukungezwani komzimba kulo muthi, njengomthetho, awuveli) uthi kwezinye izimo, iziguli zingase zithole i-malaise yesikhashana esifushane, imfiva nekhanda.

Ukusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa, ukudlula ngokweqile

Ulwazi mayelana nokudlula ngokweqile kwalesi sidakamizwa "i-Diaskintest" emiyalweni enamathiselwe ayinikeziwe.

Ukuxilongwa kwesifo sofuba ngokusebenzisa isidakamizwa esibucayi kufanele kuhlelwe ngaphambi kokuqaliswa kwemigomo yokuvimbela. Uma lezi zinsuku sezivele zenziwe, ukuhlolwa kwe-intradermal kwenziwa ngaphambi kwenyanga eyodwa emva kokujola.

Ama-analogues nezibuyekezo

Kunokuba ukulungiswa okucatshangwayo kuthathe indawo ekufinyeleleni kwayo noma ukungabekezelelani? Ngokusho kochwepheshe, azikho izifanekiselo zaleli thuluzi.

Kuthiwani abathengi ngalesi sidakamizwa? Iningi leziguli, ikakhulukazi abazali bezingane ezincane, zenqaba ukwenza ukuhlolwa okunjalo. Ngamazwi abo, imijovo enjalo ingashukumisa kalula ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sofuba. Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe bathi ithuluzi elinjalo, njenge "Diaskintest", litholakala ezinhlobonhlobo ze-Escherichia coli, futhi ngeke likwazi ukuthuthukisa isifo.

Kanti futhi odokotela abaningi bathi ukuhlolwa kwe-intradermal eyenziwa ngomuthi osubuzwayo kunamathuba amaningi okubekezelela iziguli kahle. Ngenkathi ngezinye izikhathi abantu bangakwazi ukuzwa umkhuhlane omncane nesikhashana, ukushaywa kancane nokukhwabanisa. Njengomthetho, izimo ezinjalo zokugula zidlula ngokuzimela futhi azidingi ukwelashwa okuhlukile.

Ukusebenzisa imishanguzo ethi "Diaskintest" ezikoleni, odokotela bangavimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sofuba. Kulokhu, ukwenqaba kwesampula kubandakanya usongo olukhulu empilweni yengane nabantu abazungezile.