Imishini ye-DC: isimiso sokusebenza

Imishini kagesi iyimishini yokuguqula amandla kagesi abe amandla kagesi (futhi ngokuphambene nalokho). Umsebenzi womshini we- DC usekelwe emthethweni wokufakelwa kwamandla kagesi.

Ngokujwayelekile, lezi zingxenye zisetshenziselwa imboni yezinqubo zokulandelana, njengama- cranes nama-winch. Ukulimala okuphawulekayo kwenjini ukubunjwa kwe-carbon deposits kumqokeleli kusuka emabhulashini. Ukuze ugweme ukuqhuma ngokweqile, kubalulekile ukuhlola ngezikhathi ezithile futhi wenze umsebenzi wokuvimbela. Ukwakhiwa kwemishini ye-DC kuhlukile kuma-asynchronous and synchronous motor.

Phakathi kwama-poles enza i-flux magnetic njalo, kukhona ihange, elenziwe ngendlela yensimbi yensimbi. Emiphakathini yayo iguqulwa umqhubi wezethusi, futhi ekupheleni komqhubi kufakwe iziqu, ezihlukaniswe nezinye izingxenye zomshini - lo umqoqo lapho ama-brushes ehambisa khona. Zixhunywe esiteshini sangaphandle.

Njengoba amandla e-electromotive avela ku-windings, i-armature ye-DC yomshini iqala ukushintshanisa lapho insimu iphenduka.

Ngenxa yokuthi ukufakwa kwamagnetic kusakazwa ngokungalingani kwi-cylinder ye-steel, isivinini se-EMF esakhiwe sincike ekubambeni kwamanje phakathi kwezikhala phakathi kokuphenduka. Ngakho-ke, ukufakelwa kwamagnetic kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu emipulini, futhi zero phakathi nendawo ye-armature (nge-axis longitudinal).

Lapho izigqoko zomshini we-DC zijikeleza wonke ama-half-turn, abaqhubi bashintsha umqondo wabo, ngoba bawela ngaphansi kwamathingi ahlukene, ngakho-ke ukuqondiswa kwamandla kagesi kuguqulwa, futhi uma i-EMF ishintsha ngesikhathi nesikhombisa, kufanele ibelwe inani eliguquguqukayo. Ukuze uthole ingxenye eqhubekayo esiteshini sangaphandle, umqoqo uxhumeke kumshini we-DC. Lena uhlobo lokushintsha. Ama-brushes ahleliwe, axhunyiwe kulayini lwangaphandle, alayishe eceleni kwezindandatho ezinamathele ngokuqinile ku-anchor.

Ukushintshanisa, ihange lithinta kuphela lelo shayela, elingaphansi kwesikhumba esithile. Ngesikhathi lapho ukuqondiswa kwamandla kagesi okushintshayo kuguquka, kukhona ukushintshwa kwamasongo, okungukuthi, ayikho ushintsho ekuqondeni kwe-EMF yesifunda sangaphandle. Ngakho-ke, umqoqi uhlobo olusungula kabusha olungavumeleli ukuthi i-current generated ishintshe.

Ukukhipha ukutshala kwegesi le-electromotive, kuphendulela ku-anchor ehlangene nama-pair of plate collectors. Ukujika kuguqulwa kusuka komunye nomunye kuya ekhoneni elingenalutho, lokhu kuvumela ukukhokhela ukuphazamiseka kuma-harmonics futhi okwamanje kufaka isifunda ngaphandle kokufuthwa.

Uma imishini i-DC isebenza kwimodi ye-injini, ngokuphambene nalokho, i-voltage isetshenziselwa amabhulashi. Ngakho-ke, ukudlula kulo mqoqo, i-current ivela ekuphenduleleni, okudala insimu yayo yamagnetic. Ukusebenzisana nensimu yamapulangwe, i-armature iqala ukujikeleza, noma kunjalo, ngesikhathi isiqondisi sokujikeleza ngesikhathi sokuhamba kwabaqhubi bepula elibhekene naso kufanele sishintshe, umqoqi usayishintsha i-polarity. Ngakho-ke, ukuqondiswa kwamanje futhi, ngokufanele, insimu yayo yamagnetic iyashintsha. Kulesi simo, umqoqi uyinjini, i- DC-kuya-AC.