U-Erich uMariya ziphawula - labalobi efundwa kakhulu kunazo zonke ye-"isizukulwane elahlekile" isikhala post-Soviet ku. It lufakwa belingana Hemingway futhi Aldington.

On wonke umsebenzi wakhe wenziwe nokuncane zalesi sibhicongo yokuphila umbhali yena - ngaphezu kwakho konke, iqhaza kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala.

Remarque futhi impi

sokuphila komuntu esivamile we-Erich abasha iphazanyiswe kokugqashuka kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala. Abezindaba isungule ngemizamo Phumula engqondweni zomphakathi mayelana nempi yezwe kuphela kwagqamuka njengoba umkhankaso fair yokulwa nobubi.

Remarque ibingase ibuthwe kuya phambi ngo-1916. Ngo-1917, umlobi esizayo walimala kanzima. Labanye impi ayihlala esibhedlela.

Ukuhlulwa eJalimane futhi izimo ezinzima umthelela eyalandela ku isiphetho Remarque. Ukuze sisinde, uye wazama eziningi ubuchwepheshe ezahlukene. Umlobi ezingamaKristu kwakudingeka zisebenzele ngisho umthengisi tombstones.

noveli yokuqala Remarque yaphuma ngo-1920. Lena kuphela umthombo kuyiphi zivela yonke imisebenzi alandelayo Remarque. Uhlu njengoba ziziningi kakhulu. U-Erich Maria waziwa eJalimane umculi melancholic, esibonisa impi uneqiniso futhi imibala emnyama.

Le noveli lokuqala ngu Remarque

Kunini kufanele uqale ukubala usebenza Remarque? Uhlu inoveli ivula 1920 ngaphansi kwegama "Shelter Amaphupho." Isimanga siwukuthi le ncwadi akuyona izwi mayelana nempi. Kunalokho, ligcwele kungabhekisela imisebenzi zabuna isiJalimane, zibona on amagugu uthando futhi empeleni yayo kweqiniso.

Isizinda sokuthuthukiswa ngesakhiwo siyindlu ka umdwebi yesifundazwe, lapho abantu abasha bathole indawo yokufihla ikhanda. Ziyakwazi kuwubuwula futhi kuyisidala okumsulwa ngamagama alula. Umlobi ukhuluma kuqala uthando nakho, sokukhaphela izingxabano.

Abagxeki awawazisanga aseqala umbhali osemusha. Wabizwa isihawu futhi kuyadabukisa. Ngenxa yalokhu ukuphendula Remarque eminyakeni yakhe ovuthiwe namahloni yemisebenzi yakhe yokuqala.

umsebenzi Lost

Ngenxa yokwehluleka Romanom ziphawula lokuqala wayengazange ekhishwe abhalwe 1924 incwadi "Gam". Kulesi umsebenzi, umlobi osemusha owakhulela umbono ubulili, okwenza umlingiswa oyinhloko webhayisikobho ethile umoya onamandla yowesifazane.

Le noveli "Gam" ukunganakwa lapho wabala imisebenzi best of Remarque. Uhlu izinsalela lo msebenzi ezithakazelisayo, okuyinto nanamuhla imibuzo engxoxweni efanele futhi inkanuko.

"Isiteshi ivuliwe emkhathizwe"

Bambalwa abantu ngisho nayilabo abantu njalo nokufunda amanoveli Remarque sika, uzojoyina uhlu imisebenzi yale ncwadi. "Isiteshi ivuliwe emkhathizwe" - ingenye "antiremarkovskih" imisebenzi iningi umbhali German.

The main umlingiswa - nomele evamile intsha segolide. Kay Yun, enhle futhi kumnandi amantombazane. He is a ejwayelekile indoda-perekotipole: le nsizwa ungaboshwa ngokweyame kunoma yimiphi imibandela impahla noma abantu noma ukwenza izinto. Enhliziyweni yakhe, u yena namanje waphupha impilo elokuthula, nokuthula kwengqondo. Kodwa lesi sifiso is bebengaphuzile yi avelele nsuku isiphepho.

Isenzo yencwadi lumayelana engapheli imoto izinhlanga ngaphansi kwesimo ukuphila ngokunganaki umphakathi engenhla.

"Zonke epholile eku Front Western" - a requiem isizukulwane elahlekile

Hhayi amabhuku mayelana aristocrats eyaziwa Remarque. Uhlu lwezincwadi, mayelana nosizi isizukulwane elahlekile in the lwezincwadi yomlobi iqala eshicilelwe ngo-1929 kule noveli "Zonke epholile eku Front waseNtshonalanga."

Umbhali uveza esethulweni nokuthi liyincwadi futhi incwadi emangalela noma ukuvuma - kuyinto isiphetho "isizukulwane elahlekile", iveza inoveli.

Izinhlamvu main - lakhishwa zokuphila kwansuku zonke, insizwa. Impi engawayekanga kubo: ukuba esikhundleni ukukhohlisa yokushisekela izwe ngokushesha weza bajabha. Ngisho labangakhoni akazange uthinte amagobolondo, umshini kwezempi nezilima ngokomoya. Abaningi abaye bahluleka ukuba zibone indawo yazo ekuphileni sokuya empini.

"Zonke epholile kwi Western Front" wangena ezingqubuzana imisebenzi jingoistic, egcwele ezitolo ezidayisa we Weimar Republic. Phakathi nokubusa amaNazi, le ncwadi wawuvinjelwe.

"I Buyisela"

Ngemva impumelelo emangalisa kule noveli "Zonke epholile eku Front Western" akayekanga ukudala imisebenzi Remarque. Bhala incwadi ngendlela emangalisayo athinta inhliziyo isiphetho isizukulwane elahlekile , sizoqhubeka noveli "The Return".

Impi sekuseduze ekugcineni. Isotsha ikhava imizwelo: Bathi, ukwanda kokukhiqizwa kwenzeka e-Berlin. Kodwa nabalingiswa abasemqoka babonakala Awunandaba ezombusazwe. Bathi nje ufuna ukuya ekhaya. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-esichithwa ngaphambili, intsha ikuthole kunzima ukushiya imisele ...

Izwe elinezinkathazo singahlangabezani "Amaqhawe" friendly. Njengoba manje bakha ukuphila kwabo emanxiweni umbuso libhujiswe?

Abagxeki wabingelela ncwadi ngetindlela letehlukene: balijabulela bokubanga wakhe neyobuntu, abanye begxeka awenzi ukuvezwa ngokwanele egcwele isimo sezombangazwe e-Germany. Abashisekeli bezwe ngolaka abathandanga lolu umsebenzi, balibheka njengobufakazi ipheshana okubi phezu isosha nobuqhawe.

"Amaqabane amathathu"

Kwethulwa abafundi bethu omlobi ngokuvamile iqala noveli "Amaqabane amathathu". Abantu ngamabomu zibabaza: ezinye Akumangalisi ezicashile wabhala Erich uMariya ziphawula imisebenzi! Uhlu lwezincwadi sigcina le ncwadi emangalisayo kabi futhi ethinta inhliziyo.

Zenzakalo eJalimane predfashistskoy. Esikhathini deformity phambi kwethu Umphakathi inhlekelele enkulu. Kodwa ngisho abasebumnyameni obunjalo iyindawo imizwa yangempela - ubungani ongenabugovu ka amasotja kanye nothando olungenabugovu.

Izinhlamvu main yencwadi wasinda empini. Ukuze sisinde ngezikhathi zokuthula, bavula isitolo ukulungisa imoto. Ukubona uhlamvu kanye nezimiso bezikhwepha zabo.
EJalimane, le ncwadi akazange aphume. Remarque waqala umsebenzi lo msebenzi ngo-1933 sebeqedile ukubhala ngo-1936. Eyokuqala "Amaqabane ezintathu" yashicilelwa eDenmark.

"Wothanda umakhelwane wakho"

Ngalolu futhi uqede imisebenzi "republic" ka-Erich Remarque. Uhlu uzoqhubeka ukubhuka ukuthi utshela indaba lomunye, isikhathi ngesihluku ngaphezulu futhi ngesihluku.

Ngubani akazi ukuthi wumgomo emaphakathi impucuko yethu: "Wothanda umakhelwane wakho"? AmaNazi ukubeka sokukhathalela ungaqiniseki, esikhundleni salo umncintiswano nezinonya yonke imikhakha yempilo.

Le noveli "Wothanda umakhelwane wakho" sizosungula ukuba izwe kwabokufika German ngubani sicashe kusukela kombuso wamaNazi. benza kanjani ezimpilweni zabo ngaphandle kwezwe eyayikhathazekile? Bengabanakile, balambile futhi qa ezitaladini, ngokuvamile abangenamakhaya. Babehlale uhlupho imicabango nabathandekayo got "kabusha imfundo" ekamu lokuhlushwa.

"Ingabe sihlale umuntu zokuziphatha kakhulu ezimweni ezinjalo?" - lo mbuzo ubeka Remarque. Phendula yonke umfundi Uzithola.

"Arc de Triomphe"

Musa ukubala ngale ndaba ebhaliwe isebenza Erich Maria Remarque izincwadi. Uhlu "izincwadi lababaleki," baqhubeka noveli "Arc de Triomphe".
I protagonist - lo ovela kwelinye izwe, owayebizwa sicashe Paris (lapho kuvezwa isihloko Luhambo)

Ravik ngasinda ejele ekamu lokuhlushwa - sokuhlushwa, ukushaywa nokululazeka. Uma azikhethele injongo yokuphila - ukulondoloza abantu ezifweni. Ayikho into kancane ewusizo lapho ecabanga manje ukubulala amaGestapo.

"I inhlansi yokuphila"

Manje Remarque nentshisekelo ezenzeka ekupheleni kwempi. "I inhlansi yokuphila" unezela imisebenzi Remarque anti-undlovukayiphikiswa, uhlu iba okuqukethwe ngokwengeziwe futhi ivolumu.

Manje spotlight - omunye okuhlushwa esibi kunazo ekupheleni kwempi. Umlobi yena akakaze ekamu lokuhlushwa. Zonke izincazelo wenza njengako bokuzibonela.

Uhlamvu emaphakathi ayekade kumhleli iphephandaba nesandla esivulekile, nochuku ubushiqela ngesihluku amaNazi. Bazama ukuba baphule ekuhanjisweni ezimweni esinonya futhi wabeka sisonqenqemeni khona. Isiboshwa akazange adikibale manje azizwa wokugoqa okuseduze German wempi.

Remarque wathi edale lesi umsebenzi inkumbulo ngodadewabo, okwathi ngo-1943 waba anqunywe ikhanda kanzima ngamaNazi.

"Isikhathi Live Sokuthanda Nesikhathi Die"

inoveli Remarque sika "Isikhathi Sokuphila Sokuthanda Nesikhathi Die" ngokungakhethi sihlaziye Psychology we isosha laseJalimane. Army ngo-1943 wanqoba. I lamaJalimane emuva entshonalanga. Uhlamvu main wazi kahle ukuthi manje kukhona "nesikhathi sokufa 'ngaye. Ingabe ikhona indawo ukuphila kuleli zwe elimangalisayo?

Soldier uthola sezinsuku ezingu-3 iholide nabazali ngokuvakashela ethembeni ukubona okungenani ebuntwaneni ukuphila elichumayo. Kodwa lena engokoqobo ngesihluku kuvula amehlo akhe sobala. Nsuku zonke amaJalimane, kanye ukuze sandise isikhala sakhe eziphilayo, ngenxa yesifo, afele imibono luyakhohlisa amaNazi. "Isikhathi Live" alikafiki.

Le ncwadi yandisa ulwazi umkhiqizo IMIBONO zefilosofi Remarque. Uhlu anti-undlovukayiphikiswa, izincwadi ezimelene lezempi akugcini lapho.

"Black Obelisk"

Le noveli "The Black Obelisk" kusilethela emuva 20s - isikhathi esiphithiphithini kanye nenhlekelele ukuze eJalimane. Uma ngibheka emuva, Remarque uyaqonda ukuthi ngalesi sikhathi owasungula nobuNazi, babhebhethekise ukuhlupheka ezweni lakhe.

Umdlali oyinhloko, uzama ukuthola indawo yakhe empilweni, uku inkampani womshini tombstones. Ngesikhathi esifanayo uzama ukuthola injongo yokuphila kwakhe emhlabeni sinesihluku lutho.

"Ukuphila Borrowed"

Ukuzama diversify izindikimba yakhe ngaphambi kwemisebenzi yamandulo Remarque amakheli isihloko izifo ezibulalayo. Njengasendabeni yabase ngamabhuku anti-impi, umlingiswa oyinhloko ibekwe isimo umngcele.
Yena wazi kahle ukuthi ukufa engqongqoza emnyango. Hhayi ukuzwa indlela yakhe, Heroine ufuna ukuchitha izinsuku zokugcina zalesi egqamile futhi elihlale. Lokhu kusiza yamahhashi wakhe umshayeli Klerfe.

"Umelusi e Lisbon"

Remarque uyaphinda ubhekisela kuncike okubuhlungu ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe-German enovelini "Umelusi e Lisbon."

I protagonist iyazula yeziNguquko eYurophu iminyaka emihlanu. Ekugcineni, inhlanhla bamoyizela, futhi wathola umkakhe bathandwa. Kodwa kubonakala eside. A indiza esuka Lisbon ukuyithola wehluleka. Njengoba Isiphelo ebonana ongamazi uyavuma amnike amathikithi amabili emkhunjini mahhala. Kukhona isimo esisodwa - kufanele alale kanye nomuntu angamazi, kodwa futhi ulalele indaba wakhe lomatima.

"Shadows ePharadesi"

"Shadows ePharadesi" - umsebenzi wokuhlekwa abasuka eJalimane, ngubani wakwazi ukuya epharadesi lakhe - Melika. Remarque liyakhuluma ngokuphela bengazilawulela khona isigcino sabo. Kwabanye, i-United States waba ezweni entsha. Bahlangana ngenjabulo futhi banikezwe ithuba ukwakha impilo kabusha. Okunye ababaleki kanzima udumazeke ezulwini, ekubeni kuphela ithunzi buthule ngephupho ngokwabo Edene.

"Nokuthela kweZwe Lesithembiso"

Ngakho ngokuthi umbhalo kamuva elibuyekeziwe kule noveli "Shadows ePharadesi." Phakathi nokuphila yalo msebenzi alishicilelwanga. Lalibizwa ngokuthi "nokuthela kweZwe Lesithembiso". Ngaphansi lesi sihlokwana, incwadi yanyatheliswa kuphela ngo-1998.

Le noveli "Shadows ePharadesi" futhi "iZwe Lesithembiso" is hhayi inhlukano. Kuyafana sendzaba. abahleli Inguqulo yakamuva eside iphathwa ngakho baxoshwa eziningi ezingadingekile (ku umbono wabo) izinsalela.