Imikhiqizo Bakery: ububanzi. Okunezinhlobonhlobo isinkwa nesitolo imikhiqizo

Ngokuqinisekile, akekho abantu abanjalo ababengeke bathande ngezimpahla nezitini. Ububanzi enkulu futhi ezihlukahlukene. esitolo ngamunye linomnyango lapho ungakwazi kalula ukuthenga izinkwa, Pita breads, amakhekhe kanye neminye imikhiqizo ufulawa.

Namuhla sizokutshela ukuthi kuyinto ebhikawozi. uhla yabo uzophinde wethulwe ukunakwa kwakho.

Imininingwane kawonkewonke mayelana nomkhiqizo

imikhiqizo Bakery emakethe eRussia enkulu. Futhi ngaphambi Ucabanga ukwehlukana kwayo, ngifuna ukukutshela ukuthi ngokuvamile ngemikhiqizo.

imikhiqizo Bakery - umkhiqizo ezihlobene Bakery. Njengomthetho, zihlanganisa ezihlukahlukene namabhanisi, ezincane-izingcezu Bakery imikhiqizo, imikhiqizo umswakama ongaphakeme kanye amakhekhe, ophaya futhi donuts. Konke lokhu imikhiqizo zenziwa ngesisekelo melkomolotoy ukudla, nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ukuthenga kule esitolo noma zinsiza uphawu kusuka ebhikawozi ethile.

Indlela ukulungiselela?

Okunezinhlobonhlobo izimpahla wabhaka esitolo njalo omkhulu futhi zihlukahlukene. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-ukukhiqizwa lo mkhiqizo awukho eqolo. Futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, usehlane, sisikhulu phakathi kwabantu. Phela, cishe kwakungekho noyedwa emndenini Russian ayihlali phansi etafuleni ngaphandle nocezu lwesinkwa noma Bun.

Isinkwa iwumkhiqizo wabhaka kusukela inhlama. Ukuxega a eziyisisekelo eziphila kwenzeka ngokwemvelo ngenxa ukuvutshelwa izithako ezisetshenziswa. Kule nqubo kudalulwe kungenzeka okuqalwe kufakwa imbiliso noma acidosis acid amagciwane.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi i-ukuvutshelwa

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, nesitolo sakhe, uhla ozokwethulwa ngezansi, angadingi utshalomali enkulu ekukhiqizeni. Ngemva bayobhaka inhlama ezinjalo zisekelwe amanzi noma ubisi, ufulawa, ushukela kanye amaqanda (ngokuvamile Iqanda powder).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abakhiqizi akhiqiza imikhiqizo kakolweni nesinkwa, ikakhulukazi ukungezwa ngesisekelo imvubelo ezomile. Njengoba for inhlama ezenziwe ngofulawa rye, ukuvutshelwa yayo kungenxa acidosis acid amagciwane. Kulokhu, inqubo ngokuvamile eyenziwa angesabi, isb ngenxa nezilwanyana ezincane lapho ziwela ngaphandle a semifinished kanye namathuluzi okusebenza noma lapho imishini eluhlaza.

Ukwahlukanisa futhi okunezinhlobonhlobo isinkwa nesitolo imikhiqizo

Ngokuhambisana imibhalo ekhona ejwayelekile oluthunyelwe iqembu imikhiqizo ukudla kuhlanganisa imikhiqizo ezilandelayo:

1. Buns.
2. Wowugcina.
3. umswakama-encishisiwe imikhiqizo (ngokuvamile kuze kube 19%). Ngokuvamile, lezi zihlanganisa omiswe, ama-crackers, bagels, donuts nokunye.

Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, yonke imikhiqizo ebhikawozi zihlukaniswe amabhikawozi langempela, amnandi futhi ezincane-izingcezu.

Kukhona ngezigaba kanye okunezinhlobonhlobo izimpahla wabhaka ebangeni uhlobo ufulawa. Njengomthetho, bahlukene ngezigaba ezahlukene kuye ngokuthi iresiphi, isisindo kanye nezinye izici. Ngokwesibonelo, esiku isinkwa ngokuthi umkhiqizo kokuba noma iyiphi ukuma Isisindo 500 g Mayelana imiqulu, ngaleso sikhathi baba kuhlanganisa kuphela labo imikhiqizo abe nesisindo afika ku-500 g Kulesi ezincane-izingcezu ngokuvamile nesisindo 200 noma ngaphansi. Asinakusho ukuthi iresiphi Muffin isamba amafutha kanye noshukela kufanele bube ngaphezu kuka-14%.

Okunezinhlobonhlobo isinkwa nesitolo imikhiqizo

Baked isinkwa unendima ebalulekile kakhulu ekudleni labantu emhlabeni. Ngokungafani nezinye imikhiqizo, lo mkhiqizo edliwe cishe nsuku zonke. Ngokwezibalo, in the Russian Federation, lemali yamabele lengenako imayelana 102 khilogremu ngonyaka.

Ezweni lethu, okunezinhlobonhlobo isinkwa nesitolo imikhiqizo ezihlukahlukene ehlukile. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi 95% of the ukukhiqizwa Imininingwane kuba amagama yokubhaka umkhiqizo 100-150.

Kulesi sihloko, ukunakwa kwakho uvezwa anhlobonhlobo imikhiqizo ebhikawozi (ethebuleni). Kuhlanganisa zinhlobo mayelana 1000 nezinhlobonhlobo ukuthi zihlukaniswe amaqembu ezilandelayo:

• Ngu uhlobo ufulawa. Ngokusho lokhu ngezigaba, kungaba rye isinkwa, ukolo, futhi aqukethe ingxube kakolweni nofulawa rye.
• Ngokwe-indlela bayobhaka imikhiqizo isinkwa kungenziwa ezimise hhayi kwemizi.
• Ifomu. imikhiqizo Bhaka yokubhaka kungaba ngesimo izinhlobo ezahlukene. Ethandwa kakhulu izinkwa lisikiwe, kwamagoda, khekhe, izitini nokunye.
• Esikhathini indlela ahlabayo. Ngokusho lokhu ngezigaba, isinkwa nesinkwa imiqulu kungaba owodwa ucezu nesisindo.
• Ngu aphoyintimenti. Isinkwa umkhiqizo kungase kube into evamile futhi wezokudla.

ukupheka zokupheka

Yini enye kungaba ngezimpahla nezitini? Ububanzi bayabonga kakhulu ukuba izindlela eziningi ukupheka ezahlukene. Ngakho, lo mkhiqizo bahlukanisa ufulawa wokubhaka iresiphi:

• Vele isinkwa elenziwe ngofulawa, kanye amanzi okuphuza, usawoti kanye nemvubelo (singasetshenziswa kanye nezinye ukuziqalela).
• Uphakeme. umkhiqizo okunjalo kwenziwa ngokungeza kuya feedstock 4-7% (lemali impuphu esetshenziswa) ushukela noma Molasses. Ngezinye izikhathi isinkwa kuyathuthuka nokusetshenziswa amafutha (akukho kuka 7%), noma izinongo.
• Ibhotela. Njengomthetho, umkhiqizo zibala isinkwa imiqulu nge wokuqukethwe lelisetulu baking (ie, 8-35% ushukela, 8-16% fat, nokunye.).

ibhotela amakhekhe

Okunezinhlobonhlobo kanye Ukwahlukanisa Viennoiserie futhi nhlobonhlobo. Ngokuvamile, umkhiqizo ezifana wabhaka ngofulawa okusezingeni eliphezulu, kanye amamaki lokuqala nelesibili. Lokhu izimpahla ucezu wenza kwemizi indlela okuyizinto ayatholakala emakhemisi njengoba imiqulu, izinkwa, namabhanisi, vitushek, Hal, Ababazi bakha futhi kalaches. Isisindo sawo esingaphansi 500 g, kanye nokusungulwa yakhiwa okungenani 7% ushukela namafutha kakhulu.

Ibanga Viennoiserie elikhulu futhi ezihlukahlukene ngaphandle imikhiqizo elula yokubhaka. Lokhu kungenxa ngokuyinhloko yokuthi ngaphezu izithako ezingenhla, ngokuvamile zihlanganisa amaqanda, ujamu, ujamu, ushukela oluyimpuphu, ubisi olujiyile noma Varenko, ezinoshukela, okhilimu nokunye.

izinhlobo Muffin

Esikhathini umkhakha baking ukuhlukanisa lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo Muffin:

• Ordinary. Njengoba ojwayelekile, sifaka ufulawa kuqala grade, noshukela, inani elikhulu amaqanda futhi ezilwane ukupheka.
• Amateur. Leli khekhe, senziwe ngofulawa, ushukela, ibhotela, amaqanda ne vanilla.
• Vyborg elula. Izimpahla wabhaka ingaqukatha ufulawa, Molasses, ushukela, ibhotela, ujamu, powder, vanilla Molasses.
• Vyborg abacaphuni. Lezi amadokodo zihlanganisa yethu ushukela, Molasses, ufulawa, ibhotela, impuphu, amaqanda ne vanilla.

ubuchwepheshe ukukhiqizwa

Imakethe Russian imikhiqizo ebhikawozi ubulokhu ingenye capacious kakhulu ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngenxa ukuthuthukiswa imboni yezolimo, izwe lethu uyakwazi ngokugcwele ukunikeza ngokwabo nge ehla, kanye ukunikezela emazweni angaphandle. Kodwa ngaphambi sithola isinkwa emashalofini, kuyoba inqubo eside kakhulu ukukhiqizwa.
Phela, ukwenza batch, kufanele ukulungiselela inhlama, uhlobo umkhiqizo wakhe ukuma emihle futhi isisindo ethile, bese beshushisa ukufudumeza ukwelashwa, futhi afeze culling iphakethe.

Uma umenzi unqume ngenela udaba crackers, ngaphezu lezi zenzo, futhi abanye zinikezwa, okungukuthi i akhiphe ukusika zibe tincetu kunjalo, ukucolisisa, iphele, yokuwugazinga kanye nokupholisa.

isinkwa kazwelonke

Iningi imikhiqizo ethulwa bayisinkwa kazwelonke. ukukhiqizwa yabo uyakucabangela imikhuba ngokomlando athuthukile labantu esifundeni lapho umkhiqizo ekhiqizwa. Njengomthetho, ngesikhathi kulungiselelwa imikhiqizo esinjalo wayegxila isimo sabo, ukubukeka, ukunambitheka kanye nephunga elimnandi.

Ukuhlolwa izinga

Isinkwa namabhanisi ngokuvamile esikalini izici physicochemical futhi organoleptic. Lezi zihlanganisa i-asidi, umswakama okuqukethwe, porosity, futhi isimo imvuthuluka, ukubukeka, ukunambitheka kanye nephunga elimnandi.

Isinkwa kanye neminye imikhiqizo wokusanhlamvu kufanele kube mahhala imifantu futhi nginezinyembezi koqweqwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuma kwabo kufanele kube efanele, Umbala - ophuzi okusagolide noma konsundu (kuncike ezihlukahlukene), imvuthuluka - ukuzivuselela, kahle kubhakwa, okungezona tacky, nekroshaschimsya ngaphandle voids kanye nombala ukungena nakwamanye amazwe.

Iphunga kanye ukunambitheka isinkwa imiqulu kanye kumele kube isici uhlobo ngalunye. Akuvunyelwe ebabayo ngamandla, iphunga isikhunta futhi asidi ngokweqile. Phakathi ukusetshenziswa isinkwa akufanele ziwe ku amazinyo akho.