I-strawberry ephilayo ekhula ekhaya

Abalimi bezimoto zangempela abanaso isikhala semibono ethakazelisayo nemibono yemibono. Futhi kuthiwani uma umnikazi wesakhiwo sezwe elincane engumfana we-strawberries engadini? Emva kokutshala amajikijolo anomnandi futhi anempilo athatha isikhala esiningi, futhi ukuze kuvune isivuno esihle, kubalulekile ukunikeza okungenani izindawo eziyizinkulungwane eziyikhulu nengxenye. Futhi-ke ufuna ukulingana endaweni elinganiselwe, izitshalo eziningi zensimu, izimbali zezitshalo. Lapha futhi ufika ekutshalweni okuqondile kwama-strawberries - okunye okungcono kakhulu kokufika kokujwayelekile okujwayelekile.

Izici zemibhede eqondile

Ukuthandwa kwale ndlela yokutshala ama-strawberries kukhula unyaka nonyaka, futhi konke ngoba ekuqaleni, kubonakala sengathi ubuchwepheshe obuyinkimbinkimbi empeleni buba yizinzuzo eziningi abalimi abakwazisa ngazo.

1. Ngokuphawulekayo igcina isikhala endaweni yendawo yesigodi, futhi indawo yokutshala iyanda kakhulu.
2. I-berry ayingcolile futhi ihlala ihlanzekile, ayiboli kusuka emanzini ngesikhathi semvula.
3. Inani lezinambuzane kulo liyancipha, njengoba lingafinyeleleki kubo.
4. Kulula kakhulu ukunakekelwa isitshalo esinjalo: imbewu yezitshalo zokhula aziwa emgodini, futhi isidingo sokukhula ukhula emibhedeni sihlale sinyamalalala.
5. Izitshalo zifakwe ngendlela efanele ngangokunokwenzeka, zisakaze ngokulinganayo ngokusebenzisa ipayipi.
6. Ukulima okulinganayo kwama-strawberries kuvumela, ukuqoqa amajikijolo, hhayi ukuguqa, okwenza inqubo ibe mnandi kakhulu.
7. Imibhede enjalo ibheka umxhwele kakhulu, ihlobisa noma yiliphi isayithi futhi ijabulise omakhelwane ngobuhle nokuqala.

Kodwa, naphezu kwezinzuzo eziningi, i-strawberries ekhulayo ngendlela ebonakalayo inezimo ezithile:

1. Inhlabathi kulezi zibhebhe idla ngokushesha kakhulu eshisayo, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuwasebenzisa njalo: okungenani kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyisihlanu.
2. Imibhede idinga ukufaka umquba omanzi okungenani kanye ngenkathi, ngoba isisekelo asigcwala izakhi, umquba nomquba.
3. Ebusika, umhlabathi ukhululeka ngokuphelele, ngakho imibhede kufanele isetshenziswe, ukuze, lapho kuqala amaqhwa, kufanele athuthelwe endaweni efudumele noma embozwe kahle, ngaphandle kwalokho izitshalo ngeke zihlupheke kakhulu.

Izinhlobo ze-strawberries

Izinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo ze-strawberries zokutshala okumele zikhethwe kufanele zikhethwe i-remontant, i-ampel. Zibukeka zikhangayo kakhulu emibhedeni enjalo, zinezithelo ezihle kakhulu futhi zinomsoco.

Ukuhluka okuthandwa kakhulu yiNdlovukazi Elizabeth, isivuno singavuna izikhathi eziningana ngesizini, kusukela ekuqaleni kwehlobo kuze ku-Okthoba. Amajikijolo anhle, ayenamabala amakhulu, ajwayelekile, ajwayelekile, inyama iyamanzi kakhulu. Ngokuphelele, ungakwazi ukuvuna kuze kufike ku-2 kg amajikijolo ngesikhathi sokukhula . Lezi zinhlobo zivumelanisa kakhulu endaweni lapho ikhula khona.

I-Alba iyinhlobonhlobo ehlukahlukene. Ukutshala ama-strawberries ngendlela ephikisayo kunikeza ubukhona bawo emibhedeni. Amajikijolo asheshe kakhulu futhi angesabi ukhilimu. Izithelo zifana nesigxobo esiphezulu, esibomvu esibomvu, sigcinwe kahle. Isihlahla esisodwa siqoqa okungaphezu kwekhilogram yamajikijolo.

Ukudla okwenziwe ekhaya kuyinhlobonhlobo yezinhlobonhlobo zakudala. Amajikijolo amnyama amnyama anomunyu omncane, omkhulu, u-3 cm ububanzi. Bukeka kahle ekutshaleni ngokuqondile ngenxa yezinyawo ezide.

Olunye uhlobo lwe-ampel, olwakhiwe eHolland, luyi-Ostara. Isihlahla esinekhamera esinamaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka sizokujabulisa amajikijolo amahle kakhulu. Ukwehluleka kwalokhu ukukhishwa kokunakekela.

Ochwepheshe basekhaya, ngaphandle kuka-Elizabeth, bayelulekwa ukuba batshale i-Finland endaweni yabo. I-sweetest of strawberry izinhlobo zokutshala ngokuqondile ngu-Honey. I-Eros ibekezelele ngokuphelele ukukhanda, i-Geneva ne-Aluba abazithobeki, ngeke bakwenze ukhathazeke ngezifo ze-sitrobheli, futhi isidlo saseMoscow siyojabula ngokuvuna okukhulu ekwindla.

Izinhlobo zemibhede eqondile

Ukuhlakulela ama-strawberry kuvumela ukusetshenziswa kwanoma yiziphi iziqukathi: imigoqo, izimbiza zamabhodlela, amabhokisi, amathayi, amaswidi, izikhwama zeplastiki, amapayipi.

Ukuhlangana kwamathayi wezimoto kuyasebenza futhi kuhlala njalo. Amathayi ahlanganiswe ngaphezulu komunye nomunye, futhi izimbobo zithathwa izitshalo. Kodwa lezi zibhebhe ziyingozi, ngakho-ke akuyona into engathandeki ukutshala amajikijolo kuwo.

Ungenza imibhede kusuka ezimbizeni zemifino, ungawabeka ngendlela oyithandayo, u-hang on ezisekelweni, amagatsha omuthi, uhlobise i-arbor.

Inketho engcono kunayo yonke amabhodlela epulasitiki. Lezi zinto zithandwa ngabalimi, futhi uma uzilungisela egridi noma izibonda, uzothola umbhede okhangayo. Kodwa emabhokisini nasemabhodleleni umthamo womhlaba mncane kakhulu, ngakho-ke ukudla okunomsoco nokuphuza kuyadingeka, futhi kunzima ukulawula inani lemanyolo, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuthi izinga labo lingadlula liphakeme.

I-strawberry ehlaselwa emabhaleni iyathakazelisa ukubuka isayithi, ikakhulukazi uma ifakwe ngemibala ekhanyayo. Kodwa kunzima ukuhambisa umgqomo onzima, kudinga indawo yokukhosela enokwethenjelwa ebusika, kanye nemibhede esuka kuma-pallets namabhokisi enkuni.

I-Strawberry ekhula ngamapayipi

Izindlela zangaphambilini zinezinselele eziphawulekayo, ngakho ukutholakala okuphawulekayo kwabalimi ukulima ama-strawberries emipayipi ngokuqondile. Lena indlela elula kakhulu futhi evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu yokulima ama-strawberries ampel.

Ukuphakama kwemibhede enjalo ngokuvamile akudluli amamitha amabili. Okokuqala, uma lo mklamo uphakeme, ukuchelela nokukhipha amajikijolo ngeke kube yinkinga. Okwesibili, amapayipi we-PVC angu-4 angamiswa kancane, khona-ke ngeke kube khona udoti olubonakalayo.

Okokuqala kufanele ukhethe ipayipi enobubanzi obuyi-200 mm, ithuluzi elincane elilandelayo liyadingeka ukuze kusetshenziswe izitshalo, ububanzi balo buyingcosana, kuphela u-2 cm okwanele, kanti ubude, ngokuphambene nalokho, budlula owona oyinhloko ngo-15 cm.

Ezingxenyeni ezingenhla, cishe ezingeni lika 2/3 wepayipi, izimbobo ezincane ziboshwe, ububanzi bazo akumele budlule u-5 mm. Ukuze ipayipi ingavaliwe, futhi amanzi, egeleza, angagudli inhlabathi, ayifake ngokuqinile ngendwangu engavuthiwe noma i-burlap, futhi efakwe phezulu ngenambo.

Izimbobo ezisepayipi le-PVC zikhonjiswe emaphethini e-checkerbob ibanga elingamakhilomitha wamitha ukusuka komunye nomunye, ubukhulu bawo 10x10 banele ukwenza isitshalo sikhululekile futhi sikhululwe. Ngaphansi kwepayipi, cishe 25 cm emhlabathini, asikho isidingo sokwenza izimbobo.

Kufanele ucabange nokuthi i-pipe izobekwa ebusika, ngakho-ke akufanelekile ukushayela izimbobo zokutshala ngendlela eyindilinga. Kungcono ukushiya ohlangothini olulodwa olungathintiwe bese uluphendulela enyakatho uma usetha. Ingaphansi kwepayipi kufanele ivaliwe ngesembozo, ngoba umbhede weselula uhlinzeka ukuhamba noma ukulala ngenkathi ebandayo.

Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukufaka ithuluzi lokunisela emgqeni omkhulu bese ugcwalisa amagradi, udonga noma igradi lobumba lobuningi obungamamitha angu-20 kuya phansi. Lona uhlobo lwamanzi, nomthwalo obambe ipayipi ngokuqondile.

Ngaphezulu kwe-drainage esele ivele igcwele inhlabathi evundile. Kufanele kube yingxenye yesine ye- turf emhlabathini, ingxenye efanayo ye-peat, khona-ke kuyoba lula futhi i-airy. Le nhlanganisela ineza u-30% we-compost ebolile kanye no-20% womquba. Thola substrate okunomsoco for strawberry.

Isiqukathi, umgqomo noma ipayipi phezulu ugcwele i-substrate futhi igcwele ngamanzi avela ku-hose. Ngemuva kokunisela, inhlabathi izolungisa futhi ibe yinkimbinkimbi, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukwengeza inhlanganisela engaphezulu yomhlabathi. Emgodini ngamunye, utshalwe ngokucophelela ehlathini.

Ukulungiswa komhlaba

Uma ukutshala okuqondile kwama-strawberries kunikezwa ngezimbiza, ukuxuba okunomsoco kuyadingeka kancane. Ungathenga esitolo noma iyiphi inhlabathi yemifino noma izimbali. Kodwa uma uhlela ukutshala ama-strawberries ngokuqondile ezigodini, uzodinga umhlaba omkhulu. Kungathathwa engadini, ngemuva kokuhlaselwa komzimba: kufanele uphathwe ngamanzi noma ashisayo, bese uchitheka ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate. Ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-30 ilungele ukusetshenziswa.

Kodwa kusekhona indlela yokulungisa inhlabathi enhle kakhulu evundile amajikijolo akho owathandayo. Emkhakheni noma emaphethelweni ehlathi kufanele udle umhlaba we-sod ngezingqimba, ulethe engadini bese ufaka isikwele esihle kubo, uchithe ungqimba ngalunye ngamanzi. Bese uwubophe ngefilimu ye-polyethylene, futhi wenze ukumba okungacacile eduze nomjikelezo we-oxygen. Ngaphansi kwefilimu, inqubo yokushisa izoqala, wonke amabhaktheriya we-pathogenic, imbewu, izimpungushe zizofa kusukela ekushiseni, kanti utshani buzobe bubeka phansi ngokweqile ezinyangeni ezimbili. Khona-ke kuyadingeka ukuhlunga i-humus, futhi i-substrate yesondlo isilungile.

Indlela yokulungisa amahlumela

Uma usebenzisa i- strawberry ekhulayo emipayipi , ungathenga izithombo ezenziwe ngomumo futhi uzibeke engadini. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ufuna ukukhulisa isitshalo bese ukwandisa inani lezimpande. Khona-ke kulula ukwandisa ama-strawberry. Ngentwasahlobo kuyadingeka ukuba unqume amasondo emaswondla amabili aqine kakhulu avela ehlathini nase-prikopat e-nursery. Ngakho ngokushesha bajwayele, umhlabathi ngaphansi kwawo kufanele uhlanganiswe utshani noma amaqabunga. Emasontweni amabili, lapho izitshalo ziqothuka, kufanele zifakwe umanyolo.

Ngo-Okthoba, amahlumela ahlongozwa futhi aphonswe ebhokisini, afafazwe umhlaba futhi afakwe endaweni yokudlela epholile. Lapho bangakwazi ukuhlala ezinyangeni ezingu-10. NgoFebhuwari, baphonswa futhi batshalwe enhlabathini, emva kwezinsuku ezingama-35 izimpande zikhula zivela kubo, kutholakala izihlahla ezenziwe ngomumo, ezingatshalwa emibhedeni emisha.

Ungaphinda ukwandise ama-strawberry nembewu, ukhetha lokhu amajikijolo amakhulu kunawo wonke futhi usika ungqimba omncane we-pulp kanye nenxenye engaphakathi kwesithelo. Kufanele kumiswe futhi itshalwe.

Indlela yokunakekela imibhede eqondile

Ngaphambi kokwenza imibhede eqondile, kubalulekile ukunquma ukuthi bazobekwa kuphi. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi le berry inothando futhi i-drafts ayimthandi.

Ukukhula ngokuqondile kwama-strawberries esigabeni sokuqala kuhlanganisa ukuchelela njalo. Uma isimo sesimo sezulu sesishisa, kufanele siqiniseke ukuthi umhlaba awumile, bese kuthi amanzi amabili ngosuku angaphazamisi. Izithombo ziyogxila ezinsukwini ezingu-15, bese ukuphuza kunganciphisa.

Uma i-flower buds ivele ngokushesha kulesi sitshalo, kungcono ukuyisusa kuze kube yilapho ibhere liqoqa amandla. Amaqanda amancane asetshenziselwa ukususwa, ngokuvamile akwanele isitshalo 5, bese amajikijolo ayoba mkhulu.

Uma i-sitrobheli ikhiqiza ihlobo lesibili, kufanele lidle kahle ukuze lande isivuno. Izitshalo ezimbiwa ngamaminerali, ama-fertilizer EM kanye nama-organic asetshenziswa.

Ngekwindla, lapho u-fruiting usuphelile, ungavuselela izitshalo ngokusika amaqabunga.

Ukuze uthole ama-fruiting avamile, ama-strawberries kufanele atshalwe njalo, njalo eminyakeni engu-3-4, lokhu kusebenza nasemibhedeni ephakeme. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungamane uguqule okuqukethwe emipayipi.

Ebusika, imibhede eqondile kufanele ifakwe ekamelweni. Kodwa uma ithuba elinjalo lingatholakali, lihlanganiswe ngekhwalathi, ligcwele amaqabunga, isithombo, izinto zokuphahla, i-hay noma i-lapnik. Izinsika zibekwa ngokuzungezile futhi zihlanganiswe kahle.

Ukutshala ama-strawberries kuphela ekubukeni kokuqala kubonakala kunzima futhi kunzima kakhulu, ngakho-ke, uma unesipiliyoni esithile, ungase ufune ukubhekana nakho ngokungathí sina futhi uthengise imali eyengeziwe yokusebenza kwakho, ngokuyisisekelo ukugcwalisa irejista yemali yomndeni.