I-Republic of Maldives. Maldives kumephu yomhlaba. Maldives - ulwandle

I-Republic of Maldives yiyona encane kunazo zonke izwe lase-Asia emhlabeni jikelele. Kuyinto iqoqo leziqhingi, elahlekile phakathi kwe-Indian Ocean elingenamkhawulo. Njalo ngonyaka, izindawo zomhlaba zigcwala ngamanzi futhi, ngokusho kwabacwaningi, maduzane bazosongelwa ngezikhukhula ezinkulu. Ngenxa yokuqubuka kwama-glaciers, izinga lamanzi elwandle likhuphuka njalo, okungaholela ngokushesha eziqhingini zaseMaldives enhlekeleleni. Uma ufuna ukuvakashela leli pharadesi langempela, lapho kubonakala sengathi isikhathi simisiwe - phuthuma! Ubuhle bayo obuhle ngeke bushiye noma ubani ongenandaba - amachibi amhlophe angasolwandle, ama-lagoons aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, izihlahla ezitshalo ezivundile ziyohlala phakade emphefumulweni womuntu ohamba ngezinyawo.

Kuphi emephu yamaMaldives? Indawo yesimo sezwe

Maldives ebalazweni lomhlaba kunzima ukuthola. Leli dolobha elincane lihlala e-Indian Ocean, eningizimu yeNhlonipho yaseHindustan naseningizimu-ntshonalanga yeqhingi laseCeylon. Abomakhelwane abaseduze kakhulu yiNdiya (595 km), iSri Lanka (670 km) ne-Chagos Archipelago (500 km). Ungabona ama-Maldives emephini ngezansi. I-Maldives Republic i-coral archipelago, ubude bayo kusukela entshonalanga kuya empumalanga yi-130 km, futhi kusukela enyakatho kuya eningizimu - 823 km. Iqukethe iziqhingi ezincane ezingu-1196 ezibizwa ngokuthi imvelaphi ye-volcanic. Bakha uchungechunge oluphindwe kabili lwama-atolls angu-26 - izindawo ezinkulu zomhlaba we-coral, ezibukeka njengendandatho yokuphuka. Okukhulu kunawo wonke futhi okuphawulekayo yi- Atoll Male Southern , iDaal-atoll (iDhaalu-atoll), i-Mimuth-atoll, i-Fafu-atoll (Nord Niland), i-Ariya-atoll. Ibanga eliphakathi kwamaqembu eziqhingi zase-coral lihluka kusuka ku-25 ukuya ku-80 km.

Indawo ephelele yomhlaba kanye nemifula yaseMaldives ingamakhilomitha-skwele angu-298. I-Km., Futhi indawo ephelele kanye nendawo yamanzi - amamitha ayisishiyagalolunye angama-900,000. I-Km. Kulezi ziqhingi ezingaphezu kwezingu-1100, kubalwa abantu abangu-202 kuphela, abangaphezu kuka-70 babo abahlala ezindaweni zokuvakasha zokuqala.

Isizinda semlando

Okuncane kakhulu kwaziwa ngomlando wokuqala wama Maldives. Kukholelwa ukuthi isiko samaMaldives sivele ngaphambi kwekhulu leminyaka BC. Izingcezu ze-ceramics ezitholakalayo ngesikhathi sokumba, ziphakamisa ukuthi izindawo zokuhlala zisekelwe eziqhingini kakade ngo-2000 BC. Ngo-500 BC. Eziqhingini eziseningizimu kwakukhona amaBuddha afika evela kuFr. Ceylon. Leli qiniso liqinisekiswa ngombhalo wasendulo wamaBuddha kanye nenhloko yesithombe sikaBuddha esivela ekhulwini le-11. Abagibeli bokuqala baseShayina bafika eziqhingini zaseMaldives ngo-412. Kusukela ngo-1153 - kusukela ekutholeni ama-Islam - yonke imicimbi emikhulu yomlando ibhalwe emlandweni we-Sultanate. Ngokusho kobufakazi obuningi bezilwandle zasendle, isikhathi eside iziqhingi zazilawulwa abesifazane besifazane. EYurophu kuze kube sekhulwini le-15. Ayengazi lutho ngezwe futhi akazange amake ama-Maldives ebalazweni lomhlaba kuze kube yilapho uVasco da Gama ewela i-Indian Ocean. Ngo-1507, lezi ziqhingi zahamba ngo-Lourenzo de Almeida, futhi ngo-1529 - abafowethu uParmentier. Kusukela ngo-1558 kulezi ziqhingi, amaPutukezi alawulwa, kuze kube sekuqalile impi yombhikisho, futhi ayizange ibhujiswe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuze kufike ku-1760, amaMaldives ayephethwe yiFulentshi, futhi kusukela phakathi nekhulu le-17, - amaDashi, bese kuthiwa amaBrithani. Maphakathi no-1965, ngemuva kokudlala okukhulu, ama-Maldives athola ukuzimela e-Great Britain. Ngo-1968, umthethosisekelo omusha wamukelwa, futhi izwe lazuza igama elisemthethweni - "Maldives Republic".

Ifulegi yezwe

I-version yanamuhla yesimiso sezwe esiyinhloko sezwe yamukelwa ngoJulayi 1965. Ifulege laseMaldives liyizindwangu ebomvu ne-rectangle eluhlaza kanye ne-crescent emhlophe. Inomqondo okhethekile ongokomfanekiso. Ukubomvu kusho isibindi samaqhawe, ngaphandle kokungabaza ukuvikela nokuvikela izwe labo, ukuzidela kanye nokuchitha igazi. Uhlaka oluhlaza lufanekisela uhlobo lwezintambo zama-Maldives - amakhokithi, okuwumthombo wokuphila kubantu bomdabu. I-crescent emhlophe ihlanganisa ukukholwa kwama Maldives futhi ikhombisa ukuzibophezela kwabo kumaSulumane.

Umnotho weRiphabhliki yaseMaldives

Manje iRiphabhulikhi yaseMaldives iyinhlangano yentuthuko yentando yeningi, kanye nomengameli ekhanda layo. Umnotho wezwe usekelwe "emasongweni" amathathu: ukuvakasha, ukuhamba kanye nokudoba. Ngenxa yesimo sezulu esibucayi, umhlaba ocebile ngaphansi kwamanzi kanye nemifula emihle ye- coral , izixuku zezivakashi ziza lapha. Kudoba olwandle oluvulekile oludobayo olwandle oluqhutshwayo, olwandle kanye naseceleni kwezilwandle, kubamba izinhlanzi, amakhorali ezimayini, amagobolondo namaparele emvelo.

Ama-banknotes esemthethweni. Ukushintshwa kwemali

Iyunithi yamali yaseMaldives yiRufiya. Iqukethe i-lari eyikhulu. I-dollar eyodwa yase-US cishe ingalingana no-Ruths. Ukusakazwa ensimini yezwe kunezinhlawulo zamabandla ahlukene, kufaka phakathi ama-ruffian amabili, ama-5, ama-10, ama-50, ama-50, ama-10, ama-20, ama-50, ama-100 nama-500, nezinhlamvu zemali - 1, 2, 5, 10, 25 no-50. Ungakwazi ukushintshanisa imali kunoma yiliphi ibhange, isikhumulo sezindiza noma amaphuzu wokushintshanisa esilinganisweni sokushintshaniswa okusemthethweni Eziqhingini ezikude zenhloko-dolobha, ukushintshanisana kuyoba nzima, ngenani lokushintshanisa elingenalutho. Ngokujwayelekile, kuyadingeka izikweletu ezincane zokubala, ngakho-ke zigcine ezanele. Izindawo eziningi zokungcebeleka ezibizayo zamukela amadola ase-US nama-euro, kanye namakhadi esikweletu.

Izibalo zabantu

Abantu base-archipelago bangabantu abangaba ngu-400 000. Cishe kubo bonke bayinzalo yabafiki basuka eMpumalanga Ephakathi, eNingizimu, eSouth-East Asia. Ulimi lwesizwe lubizwa ngokuthi "iDivehi", luhlobo lwenhlanganisela yesi-Arabhu, isiNgisi nesiSinhalale. Ukubhalwa kwegama lendawo lisekelwe ohlelweni lwesi-Arabic-Persian. Abantu bomdabu beziqhingi yi-Islam (Sunnism). Yalethwa ama-Arabhu futhi yasakaza kusukela ekhulwini le-12. Futhi ngo-1968 u-Islam wabizwa ngokuthi inkolo kahulumeni.

Inhloko-dolobha yaseRiphabhuliki yaseMaldives

Njengamanje kuyinhloko-dolobha yeRiphabhulikhi yaseMaldives Male - idolobha elincane elisendaweni eziqhingile zaseVilingile naseMale. Indawo yayo ingamamitha ayizi-58 kuphela. I-Km. Abantu baseMale bangabantu abayizinkulungwane eziyi-105. Ukufinyelela isikhungo sokuphatha, sezombusazwe kanye namasiko seMaldives singaba ngomoya noma olwandle, ngamabhano, izindiza, amatekisi noma izikebhe ezihamba phambili ezihamba ngezinyawo phakathi kweziqhingi. Ukuze ubuke zonke izinto ze-Male ungahamba ngezinyawo ngezinyawo. Lapho uvakashela umuzi, kuyadingeka ukugqoka izinto ezimboza umzimba kahle entanyeni kuya emadolweni. Cishe zonke izitolo zokukhumbuza zitholakala enyakatho ekupheleni kweChaangdani Magu. Lapha ungathenga amakhadi aseMaldives enziwe ngama-palm fibre, izikebhe zokuhlobisa, izinhlanzi ezisemathinini kanye nezinkwa zokudla zasolwandle okumnandi. Ngokuvamile, uMalume akacebile ezintweni ezithandwayo, nakuba izivakashi ezifuna ukwazi ukuthanda ukuvakasha zizothanda i-park shady Jumuri-Maidan, iNational Museum e-Sultans Park, isikhungo samaSulumane esinomsizi omkhulu we-Lwesihlanu ne-chapel Medu Ziyarat.

Isimo sezulu eMaldives

I-archipelago ilawulwa yisimo sezulu sezulu esishisayo. Ukushisa kwomoya kuphakeme ngokwanele unyaka wonke, kunamaplitude amancane futhi kuyahlukahluka phakathi kuka-26 ° C no-32 ° C. Ebusuku, asiyeki ngaphansi kuka-25 ° C. Ebusika - kusuka ngoNovemba kuya kuNcwaba - enyakatho-mpumalanga, izimpethu ezinomfudumalo zivame kakhulu. Ehlobo - kusuka ngoJuni kuya ku-Agasti - eningizimu-ntshonalanga, kunezinkanyezi ezingaphezulu kwamanzi. Ngokuvamile ngalesi sikhathi eziqhingini kukhona imvula encane. Ukushisa kwamanzi kuyahlukahluka phakathi kuka-24 ° C no-27 ° C. Esikhathini "esomile" kusukela ngoNovemba kuya ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli, amaMaldives akhangisa izivakashi eziningi ezivela emhlabeni wonke. Isimo sezulu esithambile, esishisayo, izinga lokushisa elwandle olumnandi, ukungabi namvula nemimoya enamandla kwenza lezi ziqhingi zikhangele abagibeli. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi inkathi "emanzi" yesiqhingi saseMaldives ivakashelwe inani elanele labavakashi. Naphezu kokuswakama komswakama, inani elikhulu lemvula kanye nemimoya evuthayo, ukuqhuma kwama-holidaymakers akupheli. Iqiniso liwukuthi kusukela maphakathi no-Ephreli kuya ekuqaleni kukaNovemba izindleko zamathikithi e-air, indawo yokuhlala kanye nokudla kunciphise kakhulu, okuheha labo abafuna ukusindisa abahambi.

I-flora nezilwane

Eyaziwayo emhlabeni wonke ngenxa yokuhluka kwazo okumangalisayo kwezilwane zasolwandle nemifula yesiqhingi saseMaldives. Ulwandle lugcwele amakorali omangalisayo. Amajambane ezinhlanzi ezihlukahlukene ezingavamile, ama-turtles, i-jellyfish, ama-mollusks, izinkanyezi zasolwandle nama-hedgehogs, ama-moray eels, ama-stingrays aheha abathandi be-diving nabasebenzisa i-snorkeling. Emanzini aseMaldives, aphile futhi adle inyamazane - oshaka abanezinhlanzi ezimnyama namachashazi anezimpaphe ezimhlophe, ashaye lapha kanye nabahlali abaningi basolwandle - i-hammerhead ne-shark sharks. Kodwa abakwazi ukwesaba, ngoba abanobuhlukumezi futhi abangenabungozi kwabanye. Ukuvimbela izingozi, kanye nokulondoloza imifino nemifino ehlukile eMaldives, kunemikhawulo eqinile ekudobeni. Kubandakanya ukuthi kuvinjelwe ukushayela endaweni engaphezu kwamamitha angama-30, kuvunyelwe ukuchitha imizuzu engaphezu kwengu-60 ngaphansi kwamanzi, imoto ngayinye idinga ukuba nekhompyutha engaphansi kwamanzi, njll. Izilwane zasemhlabeni nezitshalo azifani kakhulu. Ukusatshalaliswa kwesithelo sesinkwa, ukhukhunathi, izinhlanzi zamabhanana, izinhlanzi eziqhingini eziningi zaseMaldives. I-Atolls - iDaalu (Dhaalu) neFafu - iphuma ngenxa yezimila zazo eziluhlaza. Lapha, izimbali ezingavamile zikhula: u-Ernandia Pitcherberry, iHermitage Catapa, njll, kukhona ama-mangrove angenakulinganiswa anamahlumela amakhulu. Azikho izilwane ezinkulu eMaldives, kodwa ungabhekana ne-bat noma i-fox ehamba ngezindiza yaseNdiya. Futhi eziqhingini zakhiwa ama-tern, ama-parrot, ama-seagull, ama-cormorants.

Ungafika kanjani ku-archipelago?

Iningi lezivakashi lifika eMaldives ngezindiza. Esiqhingini sezindiza kukhona isikhumulo sezindiza emhlabeni jikelele esibizwa ngokuthi u-Ibrahim Nasir. Itholakala esiqhingini saseHulul, 2 km. Kusuka enhloko-dolobha. Isikhumulo sezindiza samukela izindiza ezivela emadolobheni ahlukene, kuhlanganise noMoscow, iVienna, iKatar, iKala Lumpur, njll. Ewebhusayithi esemthethweni yesibhuloho ungabona lonke ulwazi oludingekayo, kufaka phakathi isikhathi sokufika lendiza, uthathe ukudluliswa okufanele futhi uhlele uhambo. Esikhathini sezindiza kukhona i-ATM, ibhange, igumbi lomthwalo. Ungaba nesidla noma uphuze ikhofi kunoma yiziphi izindawo zokudlela ozithandayo. Ngakwesobunxele ekuphumeni esakhiweni sezindiza yi-pier. Kuwo wonke amaminithi angu-10-15 amafriji asuka enhloko-dolobha yezwe. Ukuhamba kuhamba kusuka ku-1 kuya ku-2 USD, kuye ngezikhathi zosuku.

Izindawo zokubhuka ezinhle kakhulu. I-Maldives iyipharadesi yabavakashi

Ezokuvakasha zokuphumula ze-atoll ezungezile zithunyelwa ezinqoleni zasolwandle ezincane noma ezikebheni. North and South Male, Ari, Baa, Mimu, Laviani, Haa-Alifu, Faafu, Daalu kukhona ama-atolls - izindawo zokuhlala ezinhle kunazo zonke kuleli zwe, futhi ngamunye wabo unomusa wakhe. E-Maldives, kunamahhotela angaphezu kwangu-120, angakhonza izinkanyezi ezingaba ngu-50 ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ngokuvamile, wonke amahhotela anezinkanyezi ezingu-4 noma eziyisihlanu, kungavamile kakhulu ukuthola ihhotela ngezinga elibi kakhulu lensizakalo. Futhi eMaldives ungahlala eBangalow enhle futhi ujabulele ubumfihlo.

Ukuzijabulisa nokuzijabulisa

Amabhishi ase-archipelago ahlanzekile, enesihlabathi esimhlophe esimhlophe. Amanzi afudumele ngokufudumala futhi enokuthula. I-Maldives inikeza iholidi elihloniphekile, ukungabi nomsindo nokuphikisana nokuxhumana ngendlela ehlukile. Kubalandeli bokuzijabulisa okusebenzayo kukhona ingqalasizinda ethuthukisiwe yokuzijabulisa kwezemidlalo. Kuzo zokungcebeleka ungaya kwi-yacht, isikebhe, i-ski, i-surf futhi, ngokuqinisekile, ukudilika. Emabhishi ase-atolls akuvunyelwe ukuphuza utshwala, ukuqoqa kanye nokulimala kwamakhorali, ukuzingela kwamanzi.

Kumele kuqaphele ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kweziphuzo ezidakayo akuvunyelwe kuphela emabhishi, kodwa nakwezinye izindawo zomphakathi, ngaphandle kwendawo yokubhuka. Futhi ayivunyelwe ukugeza kungenasici nakwezinye izindawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunqatshelwe ukuba udoti eziqhingini. Noma yikuphi ukwephulwa kwe-oda kuzobekwa icala elibi kakhulu.

Amasiko eMaldives

Bonke abahambi kufanele bazijwayele kusengaphambili ngenani lezimpahla ezivunyelwe ukungenisa nokuthekelisa ezweni. Yonke imithwalo kufanele ihlolwe yizikhulu zamasiko. Insimu yaseMaldives Republic ivunyelwe ukungenisa ugwayi (ama-200 ama-PC), i-Perfume (125 ml), izimpahla zomuntu siqu. Akuvunyelwe ukuletha utshwala, ingulube, isoseji, izidakamizwa kanye nezithombe zobulili ezingcolile. Ukwephulwa komthetho kujeziswa ngefa lika-USD 500. Noma yikuphi ukuvakasha kufanele akhumbule ukuthi ukuthekeliswa kwemikhiqizo kusukela kugobolondo yamagundane, amagobolondo ama-pearl oyster, amakhorali amnyama nabomvu akuvunyelwe. Awukwazi ukuthekelisa ezweni nezinto ezitholakala olwandle. Qaphela futhi ujabulele iholide lakho!