I-oda lokubakhipha ukuba umthwalo wokuphatha. Isikhathi komkhawulo imithwalo yemfanelo yokuqondisa

Umbuzo ngokuphathelene amacala zokuphatha kanye umthwalo kubo, kuyaphuthuma kakhulu, hhayi kuphela ingxenye zisebenze izinhlangano ezingokomthetho kanye nezinceku zikahulumeni, kodwa futhi ukuba abantu abavamile. Ukuwaloba isibonelo yokuthi manje cishe wonke umuntu ungumnikazi imoto, futhi ngoba ingxenye enkulu ukwephulwa zokuphatha amadili ngokukhethekile nokulandela imithetho yomgwaqo emgwaqeni.

Lona omunye izizathu zokuthi kungani kufanele unake umbuzo yini umthwalo wemfanelo futhi yini unswinyo zokuphatha ngenxa yokwephula amalungiselelo Code Administrative. Njengoba wazi, ukungawazi umthetho asikho isizathu esamukelekayo. umthwalo Civil nezokuphatha - yinto ngawo sibhekana cishe nsuku zonke. Ngokukhethekile kufanele kukhokhelwe umqondo ezifana kadokotela we umthwalo zokuphatha, isikhathi ubelokhu esadlala indima ebalulekile futhi ngezinye izikhathi juqu.

Umqondo umthwalo wokuphatha kanye nezici zayo eziyinhloko

Ngaphambi kokuba ukhulume ngomunye zokukhokha nenqubo, izinhlawulo kanye nezinye izijeziso kudingeka ukuba uqonde okushiwo umthwalo wokuphatha. Ihlala eqinisweni lokuthi iziphathimandla noma izikhulu izinhlawulo zokuphatha nomuntu uzibophezele ukoniwa. It has izici isici of icala lomthetho iyonke. Kodwa, ngaphezu, bekhulisa, izici ezithile ezikhethekile:

1. I-oda lokubakhipha ukuba umthwalo zokuphatha, njengoba umthetho, esikhathini esiningi has a isimo sokungakhethi kwesikhwama zokwahlulela, okungukuthi isijeziso aqokwe abantu abahlangene izikhundla emizimbeni isimo ngqongqotshe soMthetho woHulumeni.
2. abaphuli jezisa neziphathimandla eziqokelwe, bangobani subordinated. Loku kuhlukile kwezigwegwe umthwalo wokuphatha. Kusukela ngesikhathi sokugcina ngokuvamile umhlaseli itholakala ngqo ngaphansi isilinganiso olusemthethweni okuyinto umnika ngenkani unswinyo.
3. Ukuletha ukuba umthwalo wokuphatha aliholeli enecala lomuntu wenza isinqumo khona lapho isenzo ekhubazekile.
4. Isici ebalulekile yokuthi kungase kuhileleke hhayi kuphela abantu, kodwa futhi zomthetho.
5. Ukuletha ukuba umthwalo wokuphatha for izenzo kwenzekani, engesiyo ingozi njengoba ubugebengu. Ngokwesibonelo, emacaleni ukuthi impinge imithetho sanitary epidemiological eziphathelene inhlalakahle yesizwe sonkana kanti impilo yayo, kanye emkhakheni ukuphepha sezimoto emgwaqeni, ukwakhiwa, njll Ngakho-ke, isijeziso kakhulu kunangonyaka amacala obugebengu.
6. Usungula umthwalo wokuphatha Administrative Ikhodi futhi uMthetho Federal yezihloko Russian Federation, okuyinto zithathwa ngaphakathi accordance nga it.

icala Administrative: kuyini?

icala Administrative futhi umthwalo wemfanelo wokuphatha - lawa imiqondo emibili ehlobene eduze. Eyokuqala njalo isisekelo sokuthethelelwa yesibili, futhi kuholela okuhlaselayo yakhe. Esikhathini ezincwadini zesayensi njengoba ieala zokuphatha ukuqonda isenzo (yokungenzi ngokungenhloso) izinhlangano ezingokomthetho kanye nabantu, futhi akukho emthethweni futhi ukuthi Ikhodi Administrative we Russian Federation noma edlula izikhonzi zawo imithetho, iqinisa nesibopho sokuphatha.

Njengoba, isenzo kanye yokungenzi eyaziwa - ezimbili izinhlangothi isenzo ekhubazekile. Ngaphansi likhuluma okokuqala ukuhlukumeza asebenzayo futhi abazi kuyinsakavukela izinkambiso ezamukelwayo noma ezizenzakalelayo isiphi isibopho ebekiwe ngumthetho izimfuneko Russian Federation. Ukungasebenzi futhi kusikisela singanakwa ukwehluleka ukuhambisana nemisebenzi ebekelwe umuntu.

Ngokwesibonelo, isimo elandelayo: inhlangano noma usomabhizinisi ngamunye kuvula i-akhawunti yasebhange. Kepha akusimina kodwa akhombise bufakazi yokubhalisa nge ehhovisi lentela. Lokhu kungukuphula umthetho i esemthethweni ebhange, uma izihloko Administrative Ikhodi WaseRussia (15.7).

Izimpawu izenzo ezingekho emthethweni zokuphatha

Ubude ihlukaniswe yaba izimfanelo ezintathu:

• wrongfulness salo Mthetho, by okuqondwe kuwukwephula esiyisibopho yimuphi umthetho;
• unecala, lesi sici kuhilela khona ngenhloso noma engaqondile lapho wenza isenzo esingekho emthethweni; Esimweni sokuqala, umuntu uyazi futhi uyakuqonda yezenzo zakhe ngokuphambene nomthetho futhi ukwazi ukucabanga ukuqala nemiphumela eyingozi bafisa noma ngamabomu ubavumele noma ohlobene okwenzekayo abanandaba (isibonelo, umuntu ozoshayela egijima irobhothi libomvu); esimweni ukunganaki, umuntu uyazi ukuthi kungenzeka nemiphumela eyingozi emphakathini, kodwa amathemba ukuzikhohlisa kanye nokugabadela tekuvikela yabo; Inhloso kungenzeka ngokuqondile noma ngokungaqondile, kulesibonelo eyisisekelo kunazo icala lokuqala - kuba umdlalo kwezimali ezivela isabelomali;
• isenzo elinesijeziso itholakala lokuthi ukuthi isenzo ekhubazekile enikeziwe futhi efakwe yimithetho izikhonzi Russia noma Administrative Ikhodi umthwalo wokuphatha.

icala yokuqondisa

Le nkulumo ibhekisela inhlanganisela yezici kabani khona sibonakalisa isenzo njengenhlangano ukwephulwa zokuphatha. Futhi umthwalo wokuphatha for lanikeza Ikhodi Administrative. Ukuphindaphindwa izici abamelwe ezinezinto yayo. Lezi zihlanganisa:

1. Into - kuba njalo ubudlelwane zomphakathi, kubuswa ngokukhethekile umthetho, hhayi kuphela zokuphatha, kodwa futhi kwemvelo, izimali, intela, zabasebenzi, umhlaba kanye nezinye izimboni, icala zokuphatha ukuphulwa.
2. Uhlangothi umgomo sivezwe kula simiso izimpawu olunikezwa imithetho umthetho ukuthi sithole ukubonakaliswa kwangaphandle emacaleni (yokwenza noma yokungenzi okuthile bese kufika nemiphumela eyingozi). Ngokwesibonelo, ukuhlukumeza of imithetho yemigwaqo ngumshayeli singawathola ezenzweni ezihlukahlukene: ngesivinini esiphezulu, kuyomfica, evimbela indima elibomvu, njll Kulokhu, imiphumela ingase ibe yingozi emphakathini, isibonelo, ukwakheka esiphuthumayo endleleni, ezenziwa engozini yemoto, le usongo abanye abashayeli.
3. Isihloko - a zomthetho noma umuntu wemvelo ukuthi ingqondo futhi ifinyelele engu-nesithupha. Kuyinto kusuka kulonyaka uvunyelwe ukuheha umuntu umthwalo wokuphatha. Isihloko singase (noma yimuphi umuntu) noma ekhethekile, isibonelo, umshayeli, kusho izikhulu nabalingani ezikhethekile - amasosha. Emikhakheni eyahlukahlukene element icala kungabonelelwa unswinyo ezahlukene ngesihloko esithi asifane Ikhodi Administrative we Russian Federation. isimo Military uyisibonelo oqondile, ezimweni eziningi umthwalo wokuphatha awayona kwi ezivamile isisekelo.
4. Isici subjective ephawula bezibona umuntu ukuthi isenzo ekhubazekile nemiphumela yaso. Isici esiyisibopho ukubunjwa element - kuba phambi iphutha, okungase ngesimo ngenhloso noma ukunganaki. Ngezakhiwo ezahlukene amacala zokuphatha zinezikhathi izici ozikhethela ohlangothini subjective, lezi zihlanganisa ngesisusa nenjongo. Ngaphansi eThemini kusho ukuthi odlulela umuntu wenza icala. Umgomo - lena umbono wakhe we oyifunayo umphumela yena inesifiso.

ukubunjwa izakhi emthethweni izenzo okufanayo kungakhathaliseki ukuthi hlobo luni umthwalo (zokuphatha noma lobugebengu) inikezwa.

Umqondo kanye ezihlukahlukene izinhlawulo zokuphatha

Ngaphansi isijeziso zokuphatha siqondwa ngezinga elithile umthwalo, okuyinto lihlelwe nguMbuso, ngoba ieala engamiswanga Code Administrative futhi isicelo ukuze uvikele ukwephula okuthuthukile.

Okwamanje, i-Administrative Ikhodi WaseRussia avumela izinhlawulo ezifana:

• zokuvimbela, ngamanye amazwi, a ukhuze esisemthethweni, esihlelwe ngomumo kuwenta ube ncono;
• isigwebo zokuphatha (esilinganisweni ezivamile, okwakwenza kube lula ukuthola iningi izihloko Administrative Ikhodi WaseRussia, futhi njengoba umkhuba imibukiso, ephumelela kunazo);
• kokuquleka (noma kokuquleka ihlawulelwa) nokobana a into icala;
• bokuhlukaniswa amalungelo, okuyinto iye ngokukhethekile anikezwe kumuntu ngamunye;
• ukuboshwa nezokuphatha;
• ukuxoshwa isakhamuzi angaphandle noma umuntu ngaphandle yisakhamuzi kusukela Russian Federation;
• ukuhoxiswa;
• ukumiswa zokuphatha womsebenzi.

Ukuqokwa iningi lalezi izinhlawulo - kuyinto ethile okukhethekile wabahluleli.

Kadokotela of ngokuletha umthwalo wokuphatha

Lo magazini inikeza imithetho yasekhaya, sikhulumela isinqumo phezu ukwephula zokuphatha, lapho unikezwa isikhathi esingeqile ezinyangeni ezimbili, yabalwa kusukela mzuzu emsebenzini waso. Lena inqubo jikelele ngokuletha ukuba umthwalo wokuphatha. Kodwa, njengoba sazi, kunokuningi okungakhulunywanga ngakho zonke umthetho, zibalwa ku Ikhodi Amacala Administrative, ingxenye yokuqala Article 4.5. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuhlukumeza omthetho-copyright kanye namalungelo ahlobene, amanzi olwandle sangaphakathi okukhethekile zone kwezomnotho kanye nezinye, isikhathi eletha umthwalo wokuphatha ngabo owodwa.

Esikhathini Ikhodi Administrative uvunyelwe icala elilodwa kuphela lapho angase le nkathi okwesikhashana. Lena isimo lapho umuntu, ukukhiqizwa uqhutshwa maqondana nalapho, oletha isicelo (kungaba ngencwadi) ukuqula leli cala ngqo endaweni yakhe yokuhlala futhi iziphathimandla abanekhono wemeshi yakhe. Igama elithi kufanele izomiswa esikhathini lapho isinqumo lesi sikhalazo futhi ngaphambi kwesikhathi ekutholeni izakhi kunjalo yijaji, esemthethweni ugunyaziwe cabanga izinto. Ngakho, ngesikhathi yokudlulisela kwemibhalo akufakwanga umthwalo wokuphatha ukulinganiselwa

Yokukhululwa emthwalweni zokuphatha

Lesi simo kungenzeka ezimweni ezintathu:

1. Akalutho uma eqhathaniswa naye isenzo - yezimbangela eziyinhloko kokuhoxiswa kokuhlelwa umthwalo wokuphatha. Bangeniswa izimpawu akhawunti side subjective futhi inhloso, ngibonelele futhi esebenzisa isihluku. Lokhu umbuzo uqondene igunya elisemthethweni noma umahluleli othile owayengamesabi egunyazwe ukuqula leli cala. Bangakwazi okwashiwo kule simo setemlomo, okungadingi kuhilelani nemiphumela yezomthetho.
2. Eyesibili inketho - iwukuba isikhundla solunye uhlobo isijeziso, isibonelo, umthwalo kwezigwegwe.
3. Okunye ngezizathu. Ikakhulukazi, noma loko koniwa izimisele ngumuntu abaneminyaka ephakathi kwengu-nesithupha kuze kube yobudala, ikomiti ekhethekile angenza isinqumo ukukhululwa umthwalo wokuphatha futhi baphendukele izinyathelo kwethonya olunikezwa umthetho federal evikela amalungelo izingane.

I-oda lokubakhipha ukuba umthwalo zokuphatha: zokukhokha zenqubo

Udaba imigomo yenqubo ekulo kuyinto aqakatheke kakhulu nokuthi ibaluleke ngani. Ekuqaphela lokhu futhi okufanele akhunjulwe ngayo naleso sakhamuzi, kanye inkathi komkhawulo imithwalo yemfanelo yokuqondisa, ikakhulu ezihlokweni impilo Administrative Ikhodi WaseRussia babhekana cishe yizo zonke.

Into yokuqala okudingeka ukwazi - ukuqede zingakapheli izinsuku ezintathu umbiko izinsuku, esihlelwe ngomumo ku ieala zokuphatha, kufanele idluliselwe umuntu noma umzimba ugunyaziwe cabanga ke, njengoba kushiwo ku Ikhodi Amacala Administrative (st.28.8). Uma kutholakala amaphutha, ukuqedwa kwabo unikezwa isikhathi esingeqile amahora 72.

Ngemva kokucabangela wenze isinqumo. On luhlolo of the icala eyanikezwa iziphathimandla abanekhono izinyanga 2, ijaji - bebathathu. Isinqumo kufanele amenyezelwa ngokushesha.

ayimpoqo yakhe emthumile ukuba umuntu waqoqela umbiko, kungakapheli izinsuku ezintathu kusukela ngosuku Ukukhishwa.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi isinqumo ukuphoqelela i isigwebo zokuphatha is cha ababulawa uma akwenziwanga iminyaka emibili.

Aphikise isinqumo ieala zokuphatha

Isikhathi esining impela, ikakhulu ezindabeni eziphathelene imithetho yomgwaqo futhi ukuhlukumeza yayo, umyalelo wenkantolo kuyobenza. Uma ikhishwe yijaji, isikhalazo kufanele abhalwe enkantolo ephakeme. Ikhombisa idatha ephelele (igama, ikheli sokubhalisa futhi yokuhlala yangempela, inombolo yocingo). Ngokulandelayo, chaza isimo, zachaza ngokuningiliziwe izizathu ukungavumelani isinqumo futhi ebhekisele Art. 30.1-30.8 Administrative Ikhodi umcele ukukhansela. Isikhalazo kufanele kuhambisane ubufakazi ukusekela zonke izimo ezichazwe. Umnqamulajuqu - izinsuku eziyishumi. Uma uphuthelwe, kungenzeka, futhi ngesizathu esihle (ukugula, isimo esinzima) ukubhala sokuba ifake isandla ekubuyiselweni kwalo. Isicelo kufanele kubhekwe ezinsukwini ezingu-10.

izinhlangano ezingokomthetho futhi abantu izikhulu zikahulumeni: ngokuletha umthwalo wokuphatha

I-oda lokubakhipha ukuba umthwalo wokuphatha ilawulwa Ikhodi Administrative, imithetho esibekela eziningi kakhulu amacala kanye umthwalo ukuzibophezela kwabo, okuyinto umthwalo izinhlangano ezingokomthetho. Esikhathini isibalo sezibalo, bangamaphesenti 58% isihlobo ukuba inani eliphelele izihloko iNgxenye Special kweKhodi Administrative. Ukuletha ukuba umthwalo wokuphatha kungaholela ukunqunywa izinhlawulo elingase afinyelele ngempela isamba umxhwele, ukuphucwa kwezikhali, lapho ukwephulwa iphutha, ukumiswa kuze kube yizinsuku ezingu-90 yomsebenzi. Ikhodi Administrative uthi inhlangano kuyotholakala unecala zokuphatha uma kuqinisekiswa ukuthi useye wakwazi ukuba athobele umthetho olungapheli lwemithetho neziqondiso, kodwa akuzona zonke izinyathelo kungenzeka ekusetshenzisweni kwazo futhi ukuhambisana Benziwe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umthwalo wokuphatha izikhulu ephawulwe eceleni kule nomthetho, ekhangayo owenziwa uma icala eziphathelene nokwenziwa okungafanele noma ukwehluleka ukwenza oyisibopho. Ngaphansi izikhulu kuchazwa ngokuthi abantu ogunyazwe uhulumeni ukuthi afeze umsebenzi iziphathimandla (ngokugcwele noma okwesikhashana). Futhi, ngomthetho, bayizakhamuzi bekwi umsebenzi ebhizinisi, kodwa hhayi bhalisiwe njengenkolo esemthethweni. emacaleni Administrative futhi umthwalo wemfanelo wokuphatha izikhulu enikeziwe ezingaphezu kuka 2/3 of the articles Administrative Ikhodi (ekhethekile okuyingxenye).