I-Managua cichlasma: ukugcinwa, ukukhiqizwa

Ummeleli omkhulu kunazo zonke uhlobo lweCichlida yi-ciguide Jaguar, noma i-cichlazoma yaseManagua. Okuqukethwe kwe-giant elinjalo kuzodinga amakhono athile kanye nokutholakala kwesikhala se-aquarium, kodwa ubuhle bale nhlanzi enkulu kakhulu kuwufanele ukukhuthazelela izimbobo zayo.

Incazelo nokuhlukana kobulili

Kwabanamanzi abanokuhlangenwe nakho, i-cichlazoma yaseManagua iyinhle yokukhetha, ukubuyekezwa kwayo okungafanelanga abaqalayo ngenxa yokwanda kobudlova futhi kudinga umzamo othile kanye nezindleko ezinkulu zezimali. Njengomthetho, athola ama-jaguar ngenxa yokubukeka kwawo okumangalisayo: le cichlid ifinyelela ku-35-40 cm ubude futhi inomzimba ovalwe oval with colorful spotted color. Isilinganiso sokuphila saleli giant sineminyaka eyi-15-20 ngokunakekelwa okufanele.

Kuyo yonke impilo, umbala wabantu baseManaguan uyashintsha: omdala inhlanzi iyaba, ekhanyayo futhi egcwala umbala wamabala ayo iba (ngo-fry, yizona izibopho lapho "ezincane" zakha khona kancane kancane). Kodwa-ke, eduze kwasebekhulile, i-cichlid iphinde iphaphatheke kuze kube yilapho amamaki emzimbeni wayo ayanyamalala nhlobo. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi abesilisa bahlale behluke ngamasayizi amakhulu kanye nezinhlawulo ezikhomba.

Izici ze-cichlasma yabantu abadala

Njenganoma yikuphi inhlanzi enomdlandla kakhulu, i-jaguar idinga i-aquarium yomthamo omkhulu - cishe amalitha angu-80-100 ngabanye. Uma umfuyi ehlela ukuthenga futhi akhulise izinhlobo ezimbili, ukufuduka kwesitsha kulesondlo kuqala ngamalitha angu-300 ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yokuzivikela. Ukuhlobisa indlu ye-cihlaz kungcono ngezakhi ezinkulu ezifana namatshe, amagobolondo kanye nezinhlanzi. Ezitshalweni ezimpandeni eziphilayo, asikho isidingo, ngoba lezi zinhlanzi zizozibhubhisa zingaphansi kosuku ngenxa yokuthambekela kokuguqula "i-landscape. Ngamanye amazwi, ama-cichlids ayakuthanda ukuhudula amahlumela phansi, ukuqoqa udaka nokumba yonke imifino. Ukuze ugweme ukungcoliswa kwamanzi ku-aquarium, kutuswa ukusebenzisa igravel enkulu njengomhlabathi. Kunzima kakhulu ukuhamba ezindaweni ngezindawo, ngoba izinga "lokubhujiswa" kwezinto ezibukwayo ezibonakalayo kuyoba ngumyalo wokunciphisa amancane.

Endaweni engokwemvelo, i-cichlazoma yaseManagua ihlala ezingeni lokushisa eliphakathi kuka -15 kuya ku-30 degrees Celsius. Abathandi balezi zinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezifudumala amanzi e-aquarium, abahlukumeza kakhulu "ama-jaguars" abe. Kodwa-ke, ngokuqukethwe kwekhaya, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu "ekamelweni" livela ku-+24 kuya ku-+26 degrees. Imingcele ekhona yilezi: pH 7.0 no 10-22 dGH (ubulukhuni bamanzi) nokukhanyisa okuthulisiwe. Lezi zinsuku zinganikezwa ngokuvumela amaqabunga ama-oak omile noma aduckweed phezulu.

Ukudla

Ngokwemvelo, i-Managuan cichlisoma esondelene nayo idla ngezinhlanzi ezincane nezinambuzane ezingenalutho. Okuqukethwe kwe-aquarium kokuhluka kokudla kunkulu kakhulu: kusuka kuma-tadpoles kuya kwezihlobo ezincane nezinambuzane ezincane. Ukungahloniphi kwama-cichlids ekudleni kwenza kube lula ukuqamba ukudla kwemikhiqizo, imikhiqizo eqedile kanye nezinhlamvu ezinkulu ezimile. Kodwa-ke, akusizi ngalutho ukusebenzisa kabi inyama enzima njengengulube nenyama yenkomo, njengoba amajagu akakwazi ukugaya ukudla okunjalo. Ukudla kuyadingeka nsuku zonke. Uma ngabe ufisa, kanye ngesonto, ungahlela ukuphumula - ukulimala ku-Managuan ngeke ukulethe.

Imishini ye-Aquarium

I-Tsiklazomy inamandla kakhulu, ukuthi, kanye nobukhulu obukhulu, yenza lezi zinhlobo zingavumelani nokuhlanzeka. Phakathi nempilo yonke, amajagu ashiye imfucuza enkulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, ama-cichlids adinga imishini enamandla e-aquarium enganikeza ukuhlanzeka kwamanzi kanye ne-oxygen. Ngokuvamile, amaManaguani asebenzisa izihlungi ezinamandla zangaphandle kanye nesistimu yokukhishwa kwezinto zokufakelwa. Kodwa ngisho nokuhlinzekwa okukhulunywe ngenhla kwe-aquarium kanye ngesonto, ukushintshwa kwama-30% oketshezi kuyadingeka, ngaphandle kwalokho izinga lemikhiqizo yamaprotheni noshukela lokudoba izinhlanzi kuzodlula inani elivunyelwe.

Ukuhambisana nezinye izinhlobo ze

I-Managuan cichlasma ikude nobungane ngisho nangabanye abameleli "bohlobo" bayo, ngakho-ke akudingekile ukukhuluma ngokugcinwa kwayo kanye nezinye izinhlanzi.

Noma kunjalo, i-jaguar iyakwazi ukwahlukanisa i-aquarium ne-cichlids emikhulu yamanye ama-subspecies noma i-catfish, ubukhulu bayo obungaphezu kuka-30 cm. Noma kunjalo, amaManaguani ahlaselwa omakhelwane bawo ngokungahlali ngenxa yokuphulwa kwemingcele evamile yensimu, kodwa ngenxa yokuzama ukudla noma amatshe amathandayo Uzonika. Ngakho-ke, kufanelekile ukuba uqaphele ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuzala - khona-ke ukuhlukunyezwa nokucasula kwama-cichlids kufikela phezulu. Ukuze ugweme ingozi yokuphikisana nabanye abakhileyo kule nkathi, i-cihlaz itshalwe esitsheni esisodwa.

Uma umfuyi ehlela ukuzala, kufanele athenge i-pair noma iqembu lama gazinga, ngoba amajagu ahlukumeze abamele izinhlobo zazo. Indoda izofaka kalula umsikazi osatshaliwe, ikakhulukazi uma idlula usayizi wayo.

Ukuzala

Ngentando, i-Managua cichlazoma ikhiqiza cishe wonke unyaka wonke, kodwa ukuphakama kuJuni. Ngalesi sikhathi lo mbhangqwana owenziwe utshalwe esitsheni esisodwa ngevolumu okungenani amalitha angu-300. Amapharamitha amanzi ahlala ahlukile ngaphandle kwezinga lokushisa, okunconywa ukuthi liphakanyiswe ngama-degree angu-2 - kumaki +28.

Ukuvuthwa ngokocansi kwezinhlanzi kuvela enyangeni 10-12 yokuphila. Ngokushesha nje lapho isikhathi sokukhiqiza sifika, ama-cichlids enza i-pair, futhi owesilisa uqala ukumba umhlabathi ngaphansi kwe-caviar endaweni ephephile. Njengoba "isidleke" sesilungile futhi ukusabalala kusondela, amajagu akhathazeka kakhulu futhi angakwazi ukuhlasela izandla zesibindi ngenkathi esebenza emanzini. Ngesikhathi owesifazane ephuma amaqanda angaba yizinkulungwane eziyisihlanu, ukufakelwa kwawo okuhlala izinsuku ezingu-2-3.

Ukunakekela fry

Ngemuva kokubonakala kobhebhe lwe-Managuan cichlasma, bayondla okuqukethwe kwesikhumba sesilonda cishe kwezinsuku ezingu-3-4, futhi kuphela lapho bengadliwa khona. Kufanele uqale ngokudla okhethekile okwegazi noma i-yolk yolk. Njengoba intsha ikhula ekudleni kwayo, ama-crustaceans amancane (daphnia) aziswa, kancane kancane adlulisela izinhlanzi ekudleni kwabantu abadala. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, gazinga izinyanga ezingu-4 ufinyelele ku-15-20 cm ubude, nangomunye unyaka - ngobukhulu bomuntu omdala cichlasma.

Kubalulekile futhi ukutshala amajagu njalo, ukukhula ngokungalingani, ngamandla okungenani amalitha angama-200, ngaphandle kwalokho i-cichlid ingayeka ukuthuthukisa futhi ingalokothi ifinyelele ubukhulu bayo, okwenza kube yithandwa kakhulu yi-aquarists.