I "inja": umlando ukubukeka, ukubaluleka kanye igama elifanele

Kuyi-Internet, uphawu owaziwa we "inja" lisetshenziswa njengendlela isihlukanisi phakathi igama lesizinda futhi umsebenzisi igama (lomethuleli) e-syntax amakheli e-imeyili.

udumo

Abanye abashisekeli inthanethi uthi uhlamvu olushiwo lokusayina ezivamile abantu zokuxhumana Isikhala yomunye wabalingiswa ethandwa kakhulu emhlabeni.

Bobufakazi kokubonwa womhlaba wonke lolu phawu kungenziwa ngokuthi iqiniso lokuthi ngo-2004 (ngo-February), i-International Telecommunication Union awenzile ukuze jikelele nekhodi Morse ikhodi ekhethekile abonisa @. Sihlanganisa amakhodi we ezimbili izinhlamvu Latin: C no A, eveza emibhalweni yabo ngokuhlanganyela sokuqhafaza.

indaba uhlamvu "Inja"

Umcwaningi wase-Italy Dzhordzhio Stabile itholwe archive, ephethwe yi-Institute of Economic Umlando e Prato (eduze Florence ukuthi), idokhumenti okokuqala ezitholakala uphawu ngokubhala. Ngokulinganayo ubufakazi wawubaluleke kangakanani incwadi evela umthengisi omkhulu eFlorence, okuyinto namanje zixhaswe ngonyaka 1536.

Kuyinto umbuzo lwemikhumbi ezintathu yomthengisi, Wafika eSpain. Njengengxenye izitsha wezimpahla uvele isitsha lapho ukuthutha iwayini, emakwe @. Ngemva kokuhlaziya idatha yentengo iwayini, kanye nomthamo izitsha ezihlukahlukene ephakathi, nokumadanisa ngedatha uhlelo jikelele izinyathelo esetshenziswa Ngalezo zikhathi, usosayensi baphetha ngokuthi @ uphawu yayisetshenziswa njengesikhungo wokulinganisa uphiko oluyisipesheli ukuthi ubuyisela izwi anfora (ukuhumusha "amphora"). Ngakho ezikhathini zasendulo yayibizwa ngokuthi ububanzi jikelele esilinganisweni.

Theory uBerthold Ullman

UBerthold Ullman - isazi waseMelika yasikisela ukuba uphawu @ yasungulwa ngu izindela zangenkathi ephakathi ukuze unciphise amazwi ukusabalala isikhangiso Lokudabuka Latin, elivame ukusetshenziswa njengendlela elisho ejwayelekile "ngokumelene", "e", "on".

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izilimi isiFulentshi, isiPutukezi neSpanishi, igama livela elithi "arroba", nakho limelela isisindo isilinganiso staroispanskuyu (mayelana 15 kg), esifushanisiwe njengoba yayibizwa okhethwe uphawu incwadi @.

yesimanjemanje

Abantu abaningi banesithakazelo igama uphawu "inja". Phawula ukuthi igama elisemthethweni wanamuhla uhlamvu kuzwakala "commercial ngesikhathi» futhi evela akhawunti abo, kulo ukusetshenziswa emongweni ezilandelayo: 7widgets @ $ 2each = $ 14. It kungenziwa elihunyushwe ngokuthi 7 ukwabelana ku- $ 2 = $ 14

Njengoba uphawu "inja" lalisetshenziswa ibhizinisi, wabaphathisa phezu ikhibhodi imishini yokubhala. Waze abahambele lo wokubhala kuqala emlandweni wesintu , "Underwood", eyakhishwa kudala ngo-1885. Kwaba ngemva ende engu-80 uphawu "inja" ngofuzo computer yokuqala ikhibhodi.

Inthanethi

Ake sibheke umlando isikhulu se-World Wide Web. Yena uthi kwakukhona uphawu inthanethi "inja" e-e-mail unjiniyela waseMelika nowaseNingizimu Geek okuthiwa Ray Tomlinson, okwathi ngo-1971 bakwazi ukuthumela ngokusebenzisa inethiwekhi wokuqala emlandweni ie-mail. Kulesi simo, ikheli kwadingeka ukuba akhiwa izingxenye ezimbili - igama computer lapho kubhaliswa kwenziwa, futhi igama lomsebenzisi. Ngenxa isihlukanisi phakathi kwalezi izingxenye Tomilson wakhetha uphawu "inja" on the keyboard, njengoba ingxenye yimuphi amagama ikhompyutha noma amagama omsebenzisi.

Izinguqulo umsuka abadumile igama "inja"

Ezweni kukhona eziningana izinguqulo okungenzeka umsuka lelo gama ezihlekisayo. Okokuqala, uphawu ngempela kakhulu efana inja, curled up.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, nomqwayiba umsindo izwi (uphawu yenja ngesiNgisi nje ngakho ukufunda) kancane sifana sebekhathele ukukhonkotha kwazo inja. Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi nge umcabango omuhle, ungabona uphawu cishe zonke izinhlamvu ayingxenye igama elithi "inja", mhlawumbe, ngaphandle "ukuze".

Nokho, romantic kakhulu, ungabiza le nganekwane elandelayo. Kwasukasukela, esikhathini ezinhle lapho wonke amakhompyutha bekukukhulu kakhulu, futhi izikrini - umbhalo kuphela, embusweni virtual waphila omunye umdlalo othandwayo ukuthi uye wabizwa kanjalo, sibonisa nokuqukethwe kwalo - «Adventure» (Adventure).

incazelo yalo iwukuba udabula Maze adalwe computer beyofuna ezihlukahlukene amagugu. Kwakukhona, yebo, futhi belwa izidalwa komhlaba ezinonya. Labyrinth obala ukuthi ngesineke ekusebenziseni amatshwayo "-", "+", futhi umdlalo, izilo ezinenzondo yengcebo ebekwe izimpawu ezahlukene kanye namagama "!".

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusho indaba, umdlali kwaba abangane nge umsizi abaqotho - inja, okungaba njalo kuthunyelwe ukuhlola catacombs. Libonisa @ uphawu nje. Ingabe manje imbangela eyinhloko igama ovamile, noma, Ngakolunye uhlangothi, isithonjana akhethiwe game Onjiniyela, ngoba ngempela kwakungokungenanjongo igama? Lemibuto legend kayingiphenduli.

Yini ngokuthi "inja" virtual kwamanye amazwe?

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ezweni lethu uphawu "inja" ubizwa nangokuthi inqama, indlebe, Bun, frog, inja, ngisho kryakozyabry. Ngo Bulgaria - a "maymunsko a" noma "klomba" (inkawu A). ENetherlands - inkawu umsila (apenstaartje). live lema-Israyeli lihlotshaniswa isibonakaliso obishini ( "strudel").

ISipanishi, isiFulentshi futhi isiPutukezi abizwa ngokuthi isiqu efanayo njengoba isisindo (ngokulandelana: arroba, arrobase futhi arrobase). Uma umbuza liwuphawu izakhamuzi inja iPoland eJalimane, bayoba bephendula ngokuthi kungenxa nenkawu, isiqeshana, inkawu inkawu indlebe noma umsila. Umnenkhe kubhekwa e-Italy, ukushaya chiocciola.

amagama Ngaphansi olusankondlo okuthiwa uphawu eSweden, Norway naseDenmark ngokuthi 'a empumulweni »(snabel-a) noma umsila amazinyo endlovu (futhi Tailed). Igama mnandi kakhulu angabhekwa okuhlukile we amaCzech namaRomany Slovaks, ezibheka uphawu Egqoke Herring (rollmops). Ukuhlotshaniswa ekhishini futhi bachitha amaGreki, ebiza igama elithi "i-pasta encane."

Kwabaningi, kusenzima nenkawu, okungukuthi Slovenia, Romania, eHolland, iCroatia, iSerbia (maјmun; okunye: "crazy A»), Ukraine (okunye: umnenke, inja, inja). Igama elithi waboleka Lithuania (eta - «le" kwemali nge kwalokho morpheme Lithuanian ekupheleni) Njengoba kwenza ulimi lwesiNgisi kanye Latvia (et - «fl"). Isigayegaye kungadala ukwehluka kohlelo baseHungary, lapho cute uphawu isibe ngomnikelo omncane.

I wekati negundane umdlalo "ukudlala" Finland (umsila cat sika), Melika (cat), Taiwan neChina (igundane). Romantics babe izakhamuzi Turkey (rosette). Futhi ngokuthi "eziyizigwegwe A» Vietnam lokhu isithonjana.

hypothesis okunye

Kukholakala ukuthi igama ekubizweni "inja" ngolimi Russian uvele sibonga amakhompyutha abadumile DVK. Ngenxa yalokhu, "inja" livela phakathi kokuqala. Ngempela uphawu sifana inja encane. Bonke abasebenzisi DCK, engazange athi vú, waqamba igama uphawu.

Kwenzeka inqaba, isipelingi yokuqala Latin incwadi «A» wacabanga curls wakhe umhlobiso, ngaleyo ndlela-ke sifana kakhulu ngokubhala uphawu wamanje "Inja". Ukuhumusha igama elithi "inja" ngolimi lwesiTatar kuzwakala "phansi".

Kukuphi lapho ungakwazi uhlangana "inja"?

Kunezinhlelo eziningi ezisebenzisa lolu phawu (ngaphandle e-mail): HTTP, FTP, Jabber, Active Directory. Ngo-IRC uphawu ibekwe phambi ecacisa igama lesiteshi we-opharetha, isibonelo, @oper.

Kabanzi futhi uphawu ngezilimi izinhlelo main. Ngo-Java, isetshenziselwa simemezelo isifinyezo. Ngo C # iyadingeka ukuze ukuhlolwa izinhlamvu emugqeni. Ukusebenza amakheli ukuthatha okhethwe Pascal ngokufanele. Ukuze Perl - lena isihlonzi ngamakhono ahlukahlukene, futhi Python, ngokulandelana, onekhono oluthathwa. isihlonzi inkambu yisibonelo se- uphawu umi Ruby.

Njengoba for PHP, kuba "inja" lisetshenziswa ukuze abantu bangazazi izinto nephutha noma uxwayise mayelana kakade iphutha ngesikhathi kwenziwa umsebenzi. uphawu indirection Isiqalo baba assembler MCS-51. Ngo XPath - Imfanelo isifinyezo-eksisi ukuthi ukhetha iqoqo izimfanelo for the element lamanje.

Ekugcineni, transact-SQL izitshela ukuthi igama variable endawo kufanele ziqalise @, futhi igama variable global - amabili @. Ngo DOS amafayela batch, sibonga umlingisi, Enanela ukuyiveza ngemiyalo elisebenzisekayo. izenzo Isikhundla njengoba senanele imodi livame ngaphambi ukwethulwa umbuso, ukuze kuvinjelwe nombukiso umyalo ethile (ingeyekubonisa: @echo ukuvala).

Ngakho sabuka bangaki virtual kanye langempela izici ekuphileni kuxhomeke kokuthile umlingisi ezivamile. Kodwa ake Ungakhohlwa ukuthi wayenguKristu sibonga liyabonakala kakhulu e-mail ithunyelwa izinkulungwane nsuku zonke. Kunengqondo ukuphetha ngokuthi namuhla uzothola i-imeyili "inja," futhi ngeke ulethe izindaba ezinhle kuphela.