I ezinamaphiko "Eaglet": incazelo, umsebenzi, ukusebenza izici

I ezinamaphiko "Eaglet" - izindiza nge izakhiwo esiyingqayizivele. Ukudalwa kwawo kusukela kwasungulwa umbono kuya ukumisa ophoqelelwe umsebenzi - ingenye ongaqashelwa ngenxa ekusithekeni, kodwa Amakhasi kakhulu emlandweni ubuchwepheshe.

Kungani kwakunamaKristu iwigi

Ukuthuthukiswa ubuchwepheshe - ngokuyinhloko umzabalazo isivinini. It is ukufuthelana ngu mncintiswano, kwezingxabano ezinobudlova, futhi wonke umuntu ephoqeleka Abaklami ukufuna izixazululo ezintsha futhi ngezinye izikhathi ezingalindelekile.

Speed kwelinye yezimfanelo ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuthutha amanzi, kungagcini ukuntula amandla injini kanye ukumelana hydrodynamic yomzimba, okwandisa nge ukukhuphula ijubane. Futhi uma inkinga yokuqala yaxazululeka ngokusebenzisa injini enamandla, bese balahle yesibili kungaba nje ephuma emanzini. Ngakho kwakunabantu abangu-speed-izikebhe, hovercraft, bese hydrofoil futhi ekugcineni iwigi. Akumangalisi-ke ukuthi umklami iwigi "Eaglet" kwaba R. E. Alekseev, umklami ovelele wezwe elaliyiSoviet Union of hydrofoils.

Ukuze izikebhe Ungahambisa ngesivinini ku umngcele abezindaba ezimbili - amanzi kanye nomoya - kwakudingekile ukuba uxazulule izinkinga eziningi lobuchwepheshe.

Okokuqala, kwakudingekile ukuze kube nesiqiniseko sokuthi yabo ngesikhathi indiza e-ultra-ongaphakeme, kuze ngamamitha amabili, emachibini. Okwesibili, umgomo kwaba ukunikeza isisindo kanyekanye eliphansi isakhiwo futhi amandla awo umthelela Crest we wave ngesivinini esingafinyelela ku-400 km / h.

Okwesithathu, kwaba okudingekile ukuthola engasindi impahla kanye amelana amanzi olwandle, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi bendabuko shipbuilding izinto zinzima futhi zasemoyeni ngokushesha adle. Eyesine Inselele enkulu kwaba ukudala ukukhanya, kodwa izinjini ezinamandla, asesabi ashaya amanzi anosawoti.

I ezinamaphiko "Eaglet" kwaba indiza lapho design emelela isixazululo umqondo yale mibuzo kanye neminye, izinkinga ngeke encane.

Ukukhweza uchungechunge iwigi

Indiza isibonisi umphumela (komoya kulahliwe iphiko phansi kubonakala ebusweni amanzi noma umhlaba futhi ushaya iphiko, bese kukhula ibutho lift) eyenzelwe Navy njengoba yizimpahla kokwehla izindlela.

Kusukela umqondo isampuli indlela yokuqala ibiyinde - engaphezu kweyishumi.

Uhlolo indiza wokuqala kwaqala ngo-1972 kwi iVolga. Khona-ke lihlala ezinamaphiko "Eaglet" wayiswa iCaspian Sea, lapho izindiza baye baqhubeka phezu kolwandle. Ukuhlolwa waqinisekisa kakhulu izinga indiza ukusebenza izinto ezintsha.

Eyokuqala amasampula amabili ayehloselwe ngokuhlola nangemva bathunyelwa kulahlwe, nomunye - ngemuva kwengozi. Three iwigi nenombolo ye-serial C-21, C-25 no-C-26, elakhiwa ngo-1977, ngo-1980, 1983, elahlanganiswa 11-th ahlukene zezindiza iqembu ukubika ngqo Jikelele Abasebenzi Naval Aviation, futhi zalotshelwa ucime 2007.

Lezi izindiza kwakufanele okubhekiwe kakhulu ukwakhiwa lomunye imishini 120. Khona-ke izinombolo zabo sehla 24 futhi ngemva kushintshwe umholi Ministry yezokuVikela uhlelo sivaliwe ngokuphelele.

Ehlobo lika-2007 base e Kaspiysk ezinamaphiko engcono khweza nenombolo ye-serial C-26 wathunyelwa eMoscow, waba umbukiso eMnyuziyamu Navy, futhi kamuva wangena Museum yangasese Khimki Reservoir.

Umklamo kanye iwigi injongo

"Orlenok" uyakwazi ukuze uthumele amasosha e isamba elihamba engamakhulu amabili ahlomile noma elintantayo izimoto ezimbili armored (amathangi, BMP, BTR) ukuze namakalishi at ibanga amakhilomitha neshumi nanhlanu ngesivinini 500 km / h. Ngakho ezinamaphiko A-90 "Orlenok" ukwazi suka ezingeni ukuphakama igagasi amamitha amabili, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukuzinza, futhi banqobe antilanding (izimayini nakunethiwekhi) ngokusebenzisa isithiyo emoyeni.

izici Basic Tactical futhi technical zihlanganisa engamamitha ngenhla kwesikrini kusukela isigamu imitha ngamamitha ayishumi, nge engamamitha esiphezulu 3000 m. Umkhawulo ukusuka isisindo amathani 140, zazo 20 zaba izimpahla.

Ubude jikelele 58,1 m, a ukuphakama bendiza upake - 16 m, namaphiko - 31.5 m, indawo 304 sq.m wezimpahla gumbi Ubukhulu - 21 × 3,2 × 3 m.

Special amandla isixhumi ikuvumela utshekisa umnsalo kwesokudla sikebhe nge cabin crew. Lolo hide luqala ngo isiphambukisi okuyinto ngokushesha desantiruyutsya izisebenzi kanye nemishini.

"Orlenok" limelela nizkoplan ne izinjini ezintathu, fuselage futhi isikebhe-umsila ngesimo uhlamvu "T". Indaba eyinhloko ukwakhiwa - ingxubevange AMG61 aluminium kanye magnesium. ebusweni Radiotransparent esakhiwe ngezinto oluyinhlanganisela. Ukuvikela ukugqwala enamathela akhethekile zizivikele electrochemical.

I fuselage futhi iwigi chassis

I fuselage ngomklamo amandla girder Stringer has gumbi nokuphumula indawo crew (induna, umshayeli yesibili, itilosi, umakhenikha, umsakazo opharetha, Bhalobhasha, usule izinto zikagesi eziphezu amabili), ukusika ne electronic nomsakazo zokuxhumana imishini, egunjini we asizayo amandla iyunithi nezinye amayunithi ugibelile, commercial gumbi nge mooring amayunithi.

Uphahla abanikeze asebenza nabo iyona dweba ukuphunyuka, futhi ezinhlangothini umzimba ngenhla iphiko - lezivalo nezisebenzi.

On phansi isikebhe senziwa simiso redanov longitudinal futhi transverse, umnsalo lalikhona ukukhwezwa sodwa, kodwa eduze maphakathi mass - gidrolyzha yesibili.

I chassis siqukethe umongo kanye ezimbili ezinamasondo desyatikolesnoy acinene ukwesekwa. Esikhathini isikhundla kubuyiswe, chassis ingxenye embozwe gidrolyzhami. Idivayisi chassis, ski-vibration kanye Blower ivumela ukuhambisa iwigi ngokuvumelana nganoma yisiphi isizathu, iqhwa nesithwathwa.

Ezamaphiko

Ukuze ephakamisa imishini esindayo phezu kwamanzi kuyinto namaphiko hhayi kuphela ezibalulekile, kodwa futhi nomklamo walo sokunciphisa umoya lapho zindiza nge engela enkulu kuhlasela, ukunwebeka ongaphakeme ashanele 15 °. Yamabhola antantayo emaceleni ukwenza njenge planing futhi imigomo sokunciphisa umoya lapho zindiza. Enezinto, ailerons futhi enezinto ukushintsha isikhundla ezaqala ukwenzeka phakathi ukusuka ukuze Jets igesi kusuka injini jet kokuqala ukuwa ngaphansi iphiko ukubaleka ngaphansi ngeke, futhi ngenxa lenyuka ingcindezi iwigi zabo "Orlenok" lunyuka ephuma emanzini.

Lomsila kuhloswe ukuba ngcono izici ukuzinza controllability iwigi. isimame elikhulu nge Quad zommbila inikeza indiza esitebeleni. On the umsila mpo, okuyinto integrally ne fuselage, ukukhwezwa booster, lapho ezingeni ukuphakama angawi Splashes amanzi phakathi ukusuka kanye kokwehla.

amandla plant

Ukuqinisekisa izici ukusebenza, ikakhulukazi, isivinini Cruising, main amandla plant siqukethe izinjini ezintathu: noMsekeli turboprop, emandleni akhe ayizinkulungwane 15 amahhashi kanye ezimbili kokuqala turbofan.
motors Starter abe nokuphila isevisi elinganiselwe, afakiwe phakathi ukusuka kuphela, Imibhobho esemzimbeni yabo yokunyathelisa uvumele oqondile igesi Jets ngaphansi iphiko ngesikhathi ebaleka ukusuka kanye wagxila ovundlile ngesikhathi ukushesha ukuze sihamba ngesivinini esiphelele. umoya wabo isibalo ukunikeza umnsalo uhlobo ngesimo ziphambi isibani abanikeze asebenza nabo futhi ukuthi abayitholanga amanzi spray. Ukuze uqale injini iyaqala asizayo amandla iyunithi EA-6A.

UMsekeli motor ushayela nezikulufi edonsa ne izindwani ezine. ubukhulu wabo - amamitha ayisithupha.

Izikhali kanye nemishini

I ezinamaphiko "Orlenok" navigation system ifakwe "Bonisa" radar ukubhekwa; othomathikhi uhlelo lokulawula indiza; uhlelo wokubacindezela ngokushayela evele ukulawula iphiko imishini, ukusebenza gidrolyzh kanye chassis, esinanyathiselwe ukujikeleza fuselage; isimiso sikagesi indiza namandla navigation, zokuxhumana nomsakazo zikagesi.

izibani navigation Marine nezinsiza ihange ethwele like nganoma yimuphi umkhumbi.
I izingalo main iwigi kuhambisana ukufakwa isibhamu "eweni" osezingeni 12.7 mm, okuyinto aboshelwe a turret ligijima.

Izinzuzo iwigi "Eaglet"

Lapho kuqhathaniswa engaqhathaniswa izindiza Inkokhelo futhi ukusuka isisindo, petrol kuyinto iwigi kakhulu ephansi uma kungenzeka ukundiza isikhathi eside at kokuwa eliphezulu. Esinye isici "Eaglet" kahle kwezomnotho ukuthi zezindiza ebizayo ezinkulu, okuyinto zihlobene umhlaba zisebenzisa izindawo eziningi, akudingeki.

Ngezinhloso amasosha, inzuzo phezu izindiza - radar esilayidi at kokuwa ongaphakeme.

Kuqhathaniswa hydrofoils e iwigi ezincane kakhulu usayizi nezisebenzi nesivinini - ngezinye izikhathi ezingaphezu.

Ukuphepha kanye ukuphila kokubili emanzini nasezweni, okuyinto wawusho kokufika ezinamaphiko "Eaglet" nikeza kokwehla nge izimo ulwandle abalulekile, kanye emanzini angajulile neqhwa phansi kwanoma iyiphi yinkimbinkimbi.

Maneuverability, uhla olude, igebe phakathi kwamanzi ukuzivikela ngesivinini aphansi, i-viral load obunamandla nokuzabalazela ulwe umonakalo umphelelisi izici eziyingqayizivele imoto.

Yebo, lo msebenzi waba nethuba eliyingqayizivele futhi kwaba kukhulu, kodwa ... amaphupho musa zigcwaliseka. Yini ebangela, ukubaluleka iwigi "Eaglet" (ekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule kwakuzwakala isamba ruble ayizigidi ezingu amathathu namashumi ukuletha imodeli entsha ukuze isimo indiza), likhulu kakhulu umthwalo umthamo indices Lwezinhlelo uhulumeni noma ukungabi ngezinto zokwakha zesimanje kanye nobuchwepheshe, kodwa ngisho nasempilweni sokuya empini wahlala ongaceli, naphezu intuthuko evusa amadlingozi ngesikhathi kwesisekelo salo.