I-DTP: ukusabela okungathandeki, imiphumela yemigomo. I-DTP: Izinzuzo Ne-Cons

Isidingo imigomo izinsana eminyakeni yamuva kuwufanele emphakathini wanamuhla kuyinto ngempela abukhali. Abazali abaningi juqula epha kuze kuthathwe izinyathelo ezingaka ukukhalima, esikisela ukuthi ukugoma Uyingozi kakhulu xaxa kwezempilo womntwana kuka bezikhali isifo. Odokotela baxwayisa ngokuthi lezo zinqumo ezingaba nawo imiphumela engemihle kakhulu, kuze kube ukuphindaphindwa kubhubhane lonke izifo eside ukhohliwe (ezifana idiphtheria). Inzwabethi enkulu umjovo njengoba DTP. ukusabela ezingezinhle kuso ivamile impela, okuyinto Yiqiniso, kuphakamisa imibuzo mayelana zibheke ekwenzeni lokho okuhleliwe. Ake sizame ukuba baqonde indlela ingane kudingeka umjovo kuka zingayisongela nokuqaliswa kwalo noma ukwenqaba it.

Uyini umgomo?

Ngakho, ake sixoxe ngalokho wokugoma DTP. Izingane ucabanga ukuthi nje shot ezimbi, kodwa abazali kufanele baqaphele ukuthi wokugoma enjalo kuhloswe ngakho kakhulu ukunikeza isivikelo ezifweni esabekayo ezifana ngqi, idiphtheria nokukhwehlela whooping. Zonke lezi zinkinga zinezikhathi kobukhulu ukuvuza, khona inqwaba yezinkinga ukuze isidumbu sengane kanye nobunzima ukwelashwa.

Umgomo kusiza ukuthuthukisa amasosha omzimba adingekayo, Nokho, akuqinisekisi ukuntuleka kungenzeka lesi sifo. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu Empeleni, ingane, ayothatha ngegciwane emva umjovo okuhleliwe, ulithumele ifomu ukuxegiselwa (ngaphandle yezinkinga), ngokushesha uyalulama.

amafomu Classic wokusabela

Uma unquma ukwenza ingane yakho zigonywe ne DTP, ukungezwani komzimba umgomo kufanele ihlolisiswe kahle kakhulu. Lolu lwazi izokusiza unqume ukuthi ukuze zigonywe, Cabangisisa ngawo wonke "kochwepheshe" futhi "nebubi", futhi, uma kunesidingo, thatha izinyathelo ezifanele kusengaphambili. Impendulo umzimba ukwethulwa izimali zakwamanye amazwe kunemibandela izigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko:

1. ifomu Minimal noma ebuthaka. Libhekene ushintsho oluncane ukuziphatha umntwana, ukucobeka okuncane (okhalayo, ukwenqaba ukudla), ukwandisa izinga lokushisa emzimbeni kuze kube 37.5 degrees.
2. Lokulingene, noma Lesisemkhatsini ukuma. Engaveza ekushintsheni ukuziphatha komkhuba ingane, kuba bengenandaba ngaphezulu noma, kunalokho, abakaze, ngokuvamile wacasuka ngaphandle kwesizathu, ecela isandla. Kid enqaba ukudla, ngokuvamile ekhala, ebonisa yimuphi omunye izimpawu zokukhathazeka, izinga lokushisa komzimba ngokuvamile antante 38.5 degrees.
3. ifomu Sinzima. Ehamba izimpawu ezishiwo okokuqala futhi esimweni sesibili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona imfiva (lokushisa ngenhla 38.5 degrees), kungase kube Ukudlikizela, Ukugodola. Ingane izizwa nezibi, ngokuvamile awukwazi ukuphuma embhedeni.

I kungenzeka nemiphumela emibi ngendlela efanayo yokugoma

Ngeshwa, zinemiphumela engathí sina ngaphezulu DPT ngokugoma. ukusabela ezingezinhle ezimweni ezingajwayelekile kungaholela ekutheni:

• ukuhlanza (elitholakala ku 2 kuphela aphume 100 zigonywe);
• (Degrees kusuka 39 noma ngaphezulu) lokushisa lomzimba eliphezulu ngokwedlulele;
• okulimala ebuchosheni;
• ukwephulwa yentuthuko komzimba noma kwengqondo;
• ikhoma;
• komzimba (ukuqubuka, urticaria, edema angioneurotic kuze kufinyelele).

ukubonakaliswa ezinjalo ezingavamile, ngokuvamile kakhulu ezimweni lapho umgomo wanikezwa ngesikhathi esingafanele, noma uma kukhona Izimo ecacile kuso.

Ukusabela e ngqo umjovo isayithi

Kukhona nemiphumela endawo DTP. ukusabela ezingezinhle emva umjovo we umgomo singawathola ekubukekeni uphawu endaweni umjovo. zone Ngokuvamile wathi kancane siyakhukhumala, isikhumba livele libe luhlaza ngokubomvu iqala ukubonisa ubuhlungu esinika ingane ngokuphazamisa enkulu. Kid bungehli ubuthongo, njalo sizama uthinte isilonda, ukukhala. akuvamile Abazali banake kophawu okunjalo, ukuba khona kwalezi zimpawu kwalokho, umntwana kufanele unikezwe ejenti antipyretic, okungase kungadambisa nezinhlungu.

ukukhwehlela whooping

abazali abaningi bayakhathazeka ukuthi ingane yabo ngemva DTP ogulayo noma bayothola ukungakhululeki. Nokho, kungenzeka, kodwa kudingeka wazi ukuthi iyini ngakolunye uhlangothi esikalini. Yini ukwesaba kakhulu: into ezifana DPT (umjovo)? Izinga lokushisa, ubuhlungu, kwaneliswa nezifiso zesikhashana? Noma yobunzima obabangelwa esinye sezifo ezimbi kakhulu okonakalisa impilo womntwana ukuphila?

Ngakho, ake sixoxe izifo ngokumelene okuyinto umgomo yakhelwe ukuvikela ingane yakho. Enye kunzima kakhulu sazo ukukhwehlela whooping. Timphawu isici kukhona ezomile, ukukhwehlela njalo, a kancane amakhala yisisu phakathi nezinsuku zokuqala ezimbalwa ukugula, ukwenyuka okuncane kwezinga lokushisa komzimba. Njengoba isikhathi siqhubeka ukukhwehlela whooping, isifuthefuthe ukhwehlela ayabaluleka njalo, ephelezelwa zibe nobunzima ukuphefumula. Ukuwohloka Peak ebangela izinsuku 15-20 lapho kuqala ukugula. Ihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezintathu oyinhloko pertussis:

1. Easy. Isiguli neze uzizwa ushintsho isimo salo. Ngesifo liyafana ukukhwehlela ejwayelekile ezingavamile (hhayi izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-15 ngosuku), bengagxambukeli nengane ukuphila ajwayelekile.
2. Isilinganiso. Isiguli ngokuvamile buboniswa ngokuba ukungakuthandi ukudla, ukuqwasha. Ingane iba ucobekile, evilaphayo kanye kancane. Vela rales emaphashini, kungenziwa imakwe imfiva, ukukhwehlela ngaphezulu njalo futhi okukhulu (izikhathi ezingaba ngu-30 ngosuku).
3. Heavy. Kukhona okusezingeni eliphezulu lokushisa ukushisa. Isiguli cishe bungehli ubuthongo futhi baba engaphathekile kahle neze. Phakathi izimpawu zangaphandle labelwe pallor yesikhumba, ukubukeka edema. Neziqubu ukukhwehlela singase sibe namandla kakhulu ingane kuze kube izikhathi 50 ngosuku, ngokuvamile ebusuku ebusuku, kanti kukhona kungukuphula umsebenzi zokuphefumula yathi ukopha nokuhlanza. Kungase kube ukuchama okungalindelekile.

Ezimweni eziningi, lesi sifo ekugcineni ngokujabula ukuphulukisa, kodwa izingane ezingaphansi konyaka zivame kuqoshwe futhi izinkinga. Ngakho, ngenxa ukukhwehlela whooping angagcina inyumoniya, Ukudlikizela, ukulimala kobuchopho, ngisho nokufa. Njengoba ubona, ukusabela emva DPT - uphawu, imfiva futhi angafuni kudla - the esingconywana kungenzeka.

idiphtheria

Esinye isifo elenza umgomo, a idiphtheria. Lesi sifo wadluliselwa amaconsi sisemoyeni, it libhekene ukudakwa esiqine umzimba kanye nomthelela omubi izifo sezinzwa, semithambo kanye uhlelo inhliziyo. Phakathi ukugula imakwe izimpawu ezifana ukuvuvukala emphinjeni kanye umphimbo, ukukhulisa lymph node. Kwezinye izimo, kungenzeka ukukhubazeka kanye ukuphazamiseka kwezitho zangaphakathi, ngokuvamile imakwe nokufa. Ngaphambi yokugoma mass idiphtheria besihambisana nesiminyaminya inqwaba nokufa. Ukwelashwa sifo kwenziwe esibhedlela izifo ezithathelwanayo, zokuthelela isihloko ingane ngabodwa ayimpoqo. Ngemva DTP, ungaqiniseka yokuvikela onokwethenjelwa ingane ngokumelene idiphtheria.

ngqi

Tetanus - owesithathu, kodwa akukho isifo kancane esiyingozi, okungase ugweme ingane ngemuva DTP. I-bacterium nezinye izinto ezibanga izifo ezifanayo, faka umzimba ngokusebenzisa ukusikeka umntwana kanye amanxeba ukuthi ungathola ngenxa ukudlala ngaphandle futhi endlini. By izimpawu of ngqi kukhona imfiva, ukujuluka, ebusweni nomzimba kwemisipha izinhlungu zibe. yezinkinga ezihlukahlukene Kaningi waphawula - kungaba equlekile, ukufa, ukukhubazeka zokuphefumula. Kungaba ukuvimbela isifo esebenzisa ngokugoma. imiphumela lokugoma zincane uma kuqhathaniswa nalabo ngemiphumela ngqi isifo.

Izimo okunemibandela futhi ngokuphelele

Kwezinye izimo, it is hhayi Kunconywa ukuba zigonywe ne DTP? Izimo zikhona. Futhi kufanele ukwazi. Ezinye zazo basonta ngokungaqondile, omunye ubhekwa ngokuphelele. Ngakho, ukudluliswa kumele lokugoma Kuhlelwe umcimbi kulezi zizathu ezilandelayo:

1. Ukutheleleka. Uma nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ingane yakho iyagula, umcimbi kuhlelwe ufuna ukudlulisa. Isikhathi kuyadingeka ukwenza ukuthuthelwa, kuncike ngobucayi isifo kanye nezincomo udokotela.
2. Ukucindezeleka. Uma ingane yakho okwamanje esimweni ukucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka mayelana nomcimbi kakhulu, hambisa zigonywe kwezinsuku ezimbalwa.
3. Isikhathi acute izifo esingamahlalakhona. Uma ingane yakho uhlushwa yisiphi isifo njalo, isikhathi exacerbation yayo iyisiginali ukuhambisa DTP yokugoma unomphela.

Ezinye zezimpawu zesifo kuyinto contraindication ngokuphelele umgomo onjalo. Ngokuvamile, ulwazi olufana ivumela wezingane, kodwa abazali kufanele futhi ifa idatha efanayo. Ngokuyinhloko, lokhu kuhlanganisa:

• izifo sezinzwa uhlelo;
• yokungezwani komzimba ukuze yezingxenye kufakwe umgomo;
• ukusabela okungekuhle ukuze imigomo kwangaphambili;
• somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni ababuthakathaka, isifo kuthinta amasosha omzimba ingane;
• ukukhwehlela whooping.

ADSM - okunye DTP

Uma ufuna ukwenza ingane yakho zigonywe ne DTP, Izimo elingenabo, zama version lite ke, ADSM. Ngakho uvikela impilo yengane futhi kuncishiswe ingozi yezinkinga kungenzeka. wokugoma okunjalo isetshenziswa uma ingane 4 ubudala. Lokhu Ukwakheka yakhiwa izingxenye ezimbili kuphela, uklanyelwe ukuba amelane idiphtheria nomhlathi-ngqi - eziyingozi izifo ngokuvamile okuholela ekufeni. ADSM has ezimbalwa kakhulu side effects, ususe ingxenye obhekene isivikelo pertussis. Kaningi kuyenzeka ukuthi umntwana ekuqaleni ukujovwa nge DTP. Ukugonywa, imfiva, ezinzima abadala iguliswa basikisela ukuthi kabusha kwabathinta komjovo elifanayo kuyoba ephephile ingane. Kulokhu, kabusha lokugoma Kwenziwa ngaphandle ingxenye pertussis.

Kuleso simo, kufanele ukubhekana kudokotela?

Baby ngemva DTP uzizwa evilaphayo, ukhathele futhi egula? Ungethuki, kodwa kufanele siqaphelisise ezinye zezimpawu. Ngakho, bonana nodokotela wakho kufanele endabeni:

1. Izinga lokushisa likhuphuka degrees 39, ngeke ukuphula aphethwe isikhathi eside kakhulu.
2. Kube isekelé noma ezivela ukuhlehliswa kwesimo okunomkhuhlane.
3. Ukuthuthukisa hypotension (ukuphefumula okusheshayo, cyanosis kwesikhumba). Lesi simo sithatha amahora ngokuvamile akukho kuka 6.
4. Kukhona evelele iziyaluyalu zezinzwa.

Uma sigubha ngemva DTP uphawu usayizi encane, izinga lokushisa nokulinganisela ukukhala umntwana, akusho ukuthi umuntu kufanele zizwa ngalokhu ukukhathazeka. Njengomthetho, iningi imiphumela emibi zinyamalale usuku olulodwa nje, nje watch ingane nokubekezela. Uma ucabanga ukuthi impilo yomntwana wakho engozini, zama ukubona onguchwepheshe.

Isigaba wokulungiselela ngaphambi inoculation

Imijovo yokugoma zinhle wokuthi ukuziphatha kwabo kungaba ukuhlela kusengaphambili, ukukhansela, futhi pre-walungisela uma kunesidingo. Ezinsukwini ezimbili ngaphambi sokuqondisa wokugoma udinga ukuqala ukuthatha imithi antihistamine (ivikela umzimba kusuka kungenzeka komzimba). Ngokushesha ngemva inoculation, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuba ukubonakaliswa negative, izinyane kufanele unike antipyretic. Unake ukuziphatha kwengane kanye lokushisa yayo, uma kunesidingo, uzodinga ukusebenzisa booster umthamo izidakamizwa (kuyiqiniso ikakhulu kusihlwa, ngaphambi ukulala ebusuku). izinyathelo wakho olandelayo kufanele esekelwe algorithm ezilandelayo:

1. Ngosuku lokuqala ngemva yokugoma - kusuka 1 kuya ku-3 amakhandlela antipyretic (ekuseni, kwasemini ebusuku), antihistamine (kanye ngosuku).
2. usuku Okwesibili - 1 ikhandlela antipyretic ebukhoneni okushisa, ungasebenzisi izidakamizwa kwamanye amacala, antihistamine okufanele zithathwe.
3. ngosuku lwesithathu - ukwelashwa okukhethekile ayidingekile uma ingane ephawulwe imfiva, okubiza udokotela ukuze kutholakale imbangela yokushona izifo.

Indlela ukukhetha lokushisa ikhambi

DTP ukugoma kuyindlela izingane uvame ukuhambisana nemiphumela ebuhlungu. Akubalulekile wesabe, noma iyiphi impendulo ubonisa ukuthi kukhona kumiswa amasosha omzimba. Ukuvimbela yezinkinga kungenzeka, nika ingane yakho reducer imfiva, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuba izimpawu izimpawu umkhuhlane. Abazali abaningi bezibuza: 'Indlela ukukhetha oshumayela strays lokushisa kunciphe ubuhlungu kubantwana abanje? " Ngakho, ngaphambi kokuba uthenge izidakamizwa, uqaphele izici ezilandelayo:

1. Ifomu zomuthi kumele ingashintshwa ukuze yobudala ingane (amakhandlela unyaka, isiraphu - izingane amadala kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi amakhandlela kungenzeka kuvuse ukusabela iguliswa ingasaphathwa.).
2. Thenga Ukwakheka kusengaphambili. Kufanele inikezwe ngaphambi ukuqala ukukhathazeka ukusabela, kungenjalo ithuba likhulu ukuthi ngeke ukwazi ukulawula kubo.
3. Akuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa "aspirin" ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa komzimba wengane.
4. Alternate imithi nge izingxenye ezahlukene, kukusiza ukuba singadluli eyamukelekayo edonsa nsuku zonke futhi ukufeza umphumela oyifunayo.
5. Khumbula, kungenzeka ukuthi ngisho noma lo wokugoma wokuqala kwaba lula, imbangela yesibili noma yesithathu izimpawu ezingezinhle.

Qaphela: lokushisa emva DTP kuvame ukuthatha usuku olulodwa (esiphezulu izinsuku ezimbili). ukwelashwa antipyretics Kwenziwa izinsuku ezintathu (inkathi ende kunazo isikhathi). Uma ungakwazi ukulawula isimo impilo yengane, qiniseka nodokotela.

Uhlu DTP yokugoma

Uma ufuna ukuba bagome izingane, esimisweni ekusetshenzisweni kwazo kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuze wakhe owakho amasosha omzimba esitebeleni kuya izifo ezintathu kuyadingeka ukuze sifeze inqubo yokugoma kane. Classic pertussis zokuvimbela scheme ngqi futhi idiphtheria kuhilela ukwethulwa amazinga okukhishwa ngalamagama lalandzelako:

• okokuqala - ezinyangeni 3 emva kokuzalwa;
• okwesibili - 45 izinsuku emva kokwelashwa lokuqala (ie 4.5 izinyanga);
• okwesithathu - 45 izinsuku emva inqubo yesibili (at izinyanga 6);
• okwesine ubhekwa booster, lwalumumethe ngonyaka emva umjovo wesithathu (cishe izinyanga ezingu-18).

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuze kwakhiwe amasosha omzimba kukhona ezimbili zokugcina ngokugoma. Lapho ingane ikhula, kuyodingeka izenzakalo ezinjalo ezimbalwa nje - 6 futhi engu-14. Uma nganoma isiphi isizathu akuvunyelwe ukwenza imigomo enjalo izingane yokugoma schedule kungenziwa kancane kushintshile. Ngakho, okuphindaphindiwe imijovo prophylactic kungukuthi eyenziwa uma ukugula ingane noma isimo okukhulunywa ngayo uhlu Izimo. isikhathi sokudlulisa ngamunye endabeni ethile kunqunywa isazi sezifo zezingane ogcina ingane.

Imijovo yokugoma esikoleni sabaqalayo kaningi ziyadingeka, ukuthumela ingane ukuba wezemfundo, kufanele uzilungiselele lokuthi uzocelwa ukunikeza yokugoma amakhadi. Ukugonywa kuzosiza wena nengane yakho kusuka ukukhwehlela whooping, ngqi futhi idiphtheria lapho ithimba izingane sasivumela olunzulu, okungukuthi bezikhali ingozi zone.

kumakhophi Foreign DTP

Imijovo yokugoma DTP zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo eziningana, okungukuthi, wokugoma ezifuywayo angaphandle. Abazali kungathatha isinqumo sabo siqu, yini kusho ukusebenzisa ukuvikela ingane yakho ezifweni kungenzeka. Ethandwa kakhulu muva ukujabulele ejenti Belgian "Infariks". Kunemikhakha emithathu yomgomo salokhu brand:

• IPV (DTP novendle analog);
• ukulungiselela "Penta" (analog Ukusha Kwesibindi Kohlobo B IPV);
• kusho "eHex" (i Analogue zomuthi "Penta" futhi haemophilus influenzae).

Phakathi amalungiselelo angaphandle labelwe izingoma "Pentaxim" "tetrakis" "Geksavak". Kufanele kukhetfwe tinhlobo letibanti yokugoma ezahlukene kuvame atholakala nezikhungo zezokwelapha ikhokhwe. Muva nje, Nokho, ukwenza imijovo kungaba angaphandle kanye esibhedlela wesifunda.

Uma ukungabaza isidingo DTP lokugoma, "ngoba" futhi "ngokumelene" kufanele kuhlaziywe ngokucophelela futhi ucabangisise. Zama ukuba kwenzeke lokho kuqala ulwazi kubika kuwe ochwepheshe, hhayi nabangane nabantu obajwayele. Khumbula Angesabi into enjalo, izinga lokushisa emva DTP: silinganisela ngendlela enengqondo kubhekwa njengento evamile okunjena, umzimba wengane futhi kukhombisa ekwakhekeni amasosha omzimba aqinile ngokumelene pertussis, ngqi futhi idiphtheria. Thatha umbuzo yokugoma ngokukhulu ukucophelela, kuyokusiza alondoloze impilo nezingane zakho.