Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokwelapha

Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, izindlela ezahlukene kanye nezinhlobo zokwelapha zisetshenziselwe ukuthuthukisa umzimba womuntu. Ezinye zezindlela zokwelapha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwesayensi yezokwelapha ziye zalahlekelwa ukubaluleka kwazo, abanye, ngokuphambene nalokho, bathole ubufakazi besayensi nokusebenzisa kabanzi ekusebenzeni.

Umqondo wokwelashwa

Leli gama linomsuka wasendulo wesiGreki futhi lihunyushwe ngokuthi "ukwelashwa", "ukuhoxiswa". Ukwelashwa ngokwemigqa emincane futhi ebanzi yegama kusho ukuphatha izifo nokuqeda izimpawu zabo. Incazelo yesibili yale nkulumo ingxenye enkulu yemithi, ububanzi obungahlanganisi nje kuphela ukwelashwa kwezilwane zomzimba womuntu, kodwa nokufunda nokuxilongwa. Ukwelashwa njengesiyalo sezokwelashwa kuhlola izifo eziningi zezifo zangaphakathi nezinhlelo: ukuphefumula, ukujikeleza kwegazi, ukugaya, ukugaya umzimba, ukuchama, njll. Ngakho-ke, abasebenza ngokugcwele banolwazi olubanzi kakhulu empilweni yabantu.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwemithi yokwelapha

Imithi yesimanje isebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zokwelapha, okuyinto enzima kakhulu ukuyibeka ngesimo sokuhlukaniswa okulodwa. Izinhlobo zokwelashwa zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu zicabangela inamba yezinqubo, masiqambe igama eliyinhloko:

• Indlela yokuthola ukwelashwa (i-etiotropic, i-pathogenetic kanye ne-symptomatic therapy).
• Indlela yokwelashwa (ukwelapha izidakamizwa, ukuhlinzwa kanye nezinhlobo zokunakekelwa okukhulu).
• Ukusebenza kwesayensi (imithi yendabuko kanye nabantu).
• Imikhakha emisha (imithi yokwelapha, izinhlobo ezintsha zokwelapha).
• Indawo yokuqondisa (psychotherapy, gastroenterology, cardiology, ukwelashwa kwezingane, ukubeletha kwezingane, ukwelapha okwelashwa, njll).

Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa

Izifo eziningi iningi zidinga ukwelashwa. Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zokwelapha izidakamizwa ziyahlukaniswa:

• I-Etiotropic. Inhloso yokuqeda izimbangela zezinambuzane ezincane zesifo - pathogenic. Isenzo sezidakamizwa ze-etiotropic ukubhujiswa noma ukususwa kwezifo eziphilayo. Leli qembu lemithi liqukethe ama-antibiotics, i-antiviral kanye ne-antiprotozoal izidakamizwa, i-sulfonamides. Ukwelashwa kwe-Etiotropic kuhlanganisa izigaba eziningana ezilandelanayo: ukuhlonza i-pathogen, ukucacisa izinga lokuzwela emthonjeni osebenzayo wediza , inhloso yokwelapha. Isibonelo se-etiotropic therapy yindlela yokwelashwa ngamalungiselelo e-bactericidal of pyelonephritis (ukuvuvukala kwezinso ezibangelwa ama-microbes, ikakhulukazi u-E. coli).
• Ukwelashwa kwe-pathogenetic. Yiziphi izinhlobo zezifo ezingeke zivuke esigulini, ukwelashwa okunesifo sofuba kuhloswe ukulungisa izifo zokusebenza, ukuthuthukisa izindlela zokushintshanisa, ukuvuselela igciwane. Isetshenziswa kulawo maqiniso uma lesi sifo singabangelwa yi-agent yangaphandle ye-pathogenic, kodwa ngokuphulwa komsebenzi wesitho. Isibonelo: ukwelapha ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela, esiqukethe ukulawulwa kwesikhashana somthamo we-insulini egazini likagulane ukukhokhela ukuntuleka kwawo ngenxa yokukhiqizwa kwe-pancreas enganele. Uhlu lwezidakamizwa ezinama-pathogenetic yizidakamizwa ezithinta uhlelo lwe-cardiovascular, uhlelo lwezinzwa, olushukumisa ukugaya, normalis metabolism, kanye ne-diuretics. Izinhlobo zokwelashwa kwe-pathogenetic ziyi-acupuncture, i-lysotherapy, izicubu, i-immunostimulating, njll.
• I-Symptomatic ayiqedi imbangela ye-pathology, iyanciphisa kuphela izimpawu zesifo. Ingasetshenziswa ngaphezu kwezindlela zokwelashwa ze-etiotropic kanye / noma ze-pathogenetic noma ngokwezigaba, isibonelo, ezigabeni zokugcina zezifo ezingokwemvelo ukuze kunciphise ubuhlungu besiguli. I-arsenal ye-therapy ephawulekayo ihlanganisa izidakamizwa kanye ne-antispasmodics, i-antipyretic.

Ukwelashwa kokuzimela

Indabuko, imithi eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni isebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zokwelashwa: ukwelashwa ngemikhiqizo yokwelapha yemvelo yamakhemikhali kanye nemvelo, izindlela zokwenza umzimba.

Izindlela zamakhemikhali nezindawo eziphilayo zihlanganisa ukuvezwa komzimba wesiguli ngezinto zokwenziwa kwamakhemikhali, imithi ngokwemvelo, kanye nokusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezingenakuzivikela.

Izindlela ezingokoqobo zokwelashwa okulondolozayo zihlanganisa amathaksi amaningi okungewona amakhemikhali, okuvame ukuba yindlela encedisayo. Lokhu kufaka:

• Ukusikhipha imithi, kuhlanganise zonke izinhlobo zokwelashwa kwebhuku;
• I-LFK - isakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi sokuzivocavoca umzimba ukubuyisela imisebenzi yesistimu ye-musculoskeletal yomuntu;
• Hydrotherapy: ama-douches, amabhati, ishazi sikaCharcot, ama-wraps, njll;
• I-physiotherapy ye-hardware ephethe umthelela esigulini somswakama namagagasi kagesi: i-laser therapy, i-electrophoresis, i-radiotherapy, inductothermy, ukwelashwa kwe-UHF, i-phonophoresis.

Ukwelapha okuhlinzayo

Ngaphakathi kohlelo lokunciphisa, kunesidingo sokungenelela kokuhlinzwa. Ukwelapha ukwelashwa kudlula ngalokhu ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa zendabuko, kodwa njengoba kuhloswe futhi ukuqeda ukukhubazeka, kungase kubonwe njengenye yezinhlobo zokwelapha. Le ndlela isekelwe ekuhlukaneni nasekuxhumaneni kwezicubu zomzimba womuntu ngosizo lwamasu akhethekile namathuluzi. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuhlinza okuhlinzekwa cishe kuhlale kusekelwa usizo lwezokwelapha, kepha izidakamizwa ezisetshenzisiwe azidingeki ukuqeda lesi sifo, kodwa ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwekhono lezinqubo (i-anesthesia ne-analgesics, i-neuroleptics, i-tranquilizers, izidakamizwa ze-hormonal).

Ukwelashwa ngamakhambi omuntu

Umuthi wendabuko uye wadlula indlela ehluke ngokuphelele kuneyendabuko. Isekelwe ekuhlangenwe nakho kwabantu abaneminyaka eminyaka emkhakheni wokwelashwa kwazo zonke izifo. Umuthi wendabuko uhlanganisa izinhlobo zokwelapha, ngokusekelwe ekusebenziseni noma yimaphi amathuluzi asebenzayo kanye nezingxenye zemvelo yemvelo ngendlela yokwehliswa kwamagilebhisi, izimpande, izinhlayiya, ukucindezeleka, ukuphuza, nokunye. Ngokuvamile izindlela zokwelashwa kwabantu azikho ukulungiswa kwesayensi, ngakho-ke umphumela wemithi eminingi ungabaza Noma akekho ngokuphelele. Inzuzo engafanelekiyo yokwelapha okunjalo ukutholakala nokunciphisa kwemithi.

I-Psychotherapy

Uma izifo zomzimba zafunda ukuphatha ezikhathini zasendulo, umuthi wacabanga ngengozi yokugula kwengqondo kungekudala. Kuze kube sekhulwini le-18, ukukhathazeka kwengqondo kwakubhekwa njengedrama yedwa yesiguli, futhi kakhulu kakhulu ukuthi odokotela bangaleso sikhatsi banganikeza ukuhlukaniswa kwesiguli emphakathini. Kamuva, isayensi yathola ukuthi ukugula kwengqondo kungakwazi futhi kufanele kuphathwe. Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokwelashwa ezikwelapha ngengqondo kukhona:

• I-psychotherapy engqondweni iyona eyenziwa kakhulu namuhla. Le ndlela ihlanganisa ukudala izimo zokuhlola kabusha kwesiguli izici eziholele ekucindezelekeni kwezizwe. Ngokusho komqondo, ochwepheshe kufanele bathole ukuthi iziphi izikhala zesiguli ezibangele ukugula kwengqondo, futhi zenze izinto ezidingekayo ukuze kutholakale ukuqondiswa kwesiguli semiqondo emisha, engcono kakhulu.
• I-hypnosis iyindlela entsha ye-psychotherapy, okuyize kube sekupheleni kwekhulu le-XIX engazange ithathwe ngokungathí sina. Kunezimo lapho umuntu obhekene nezimo ezinzima ngokungazi kahle ebeka ibhuloho emizwa yabo, imizwa, futhi embule, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu - ukuphulukisa isifo sengqondo kule nkinga kunzima kakhulu. Ukuze kusize isiguli sengqondo esivela eqinisweni, sibheka ekuguleni kwengqondo - isimo sesiguli sokulala, okuvumela inkhulumomphendvulwano phakathi kwe-hypnotist kanye nemikhumbuzo noma amaqiniso abonakalayo noma amaqiniso avela empilweni yamuva eyabangela ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo.
• Ukwelashwa kwengqondo, okunemikhakha eminingi: i-psychotherapy yomndeni, ukuqeqeshwa komuntu siqu, ukuqeqeshwa komdwebo wezobuciko nomdanso, psychoanalysis yomuntu, njll.
• Ukwelashwa okunama-anti-depressants kanye nezidakamizwa ze-psychotropic kuvame ukuhlanganiswa nezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Izindlela ezintsha zokwelapha

Imithi njengoba isayensi ayimi, ucwaningo luqhutshwa emhlabeni wonke nsuku zonke kanye nezindlela ezintsha zokwelapha izifo eziningi ezihlukahlukene. Izindlela zokwelashwa ezivivinywe futhi ezitholakalayo ziye zasebenzisa i-niche yazo ekusebenzeni imithi. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• Indlela yezinhlelo ze-neurolinguistic (NLP) - enye yezindlela ezintsha kakhulu zokwelashwa kwengqondo - yavela ngasekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20. Isisekelo yizindlela eziwusizo zombhali owaziwayo kanye nochwepheshe emkhakheni wokuxhumana. Ngokuvamile, i-NLP isetshenziselwa ukuqeqesha kanye nama-seminar ukuthuthukisa izimfanelo zomuntu siqu.
• Ukwelashwa kwezobuciko - sekuye kwasakazeka ngekhulu leminyaka elidlule futhi njengendlela yokwelapha isebenzisa imibala yokudweba nokudweba. Lokhu kuyinto yangempela kulabo abafuna ukwazi ngokwabo futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo bathuthukise isimo sabo sengqondo sengqondo.
• I-Cryosacral therapy - yazalwa ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule futhi ihlose ukuphatha izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi zomzimba womuntu obangelwa ama-biorhythms angavamile. Njengoba kwenzeka, i-skull inezinqwaba zamathambo ezingagxili ngokuphelele amaphuzu okuhlangana, kodwa vumela i-cranium ukuba isinciphise ngokweqile futhi ikhulise usayizi, ngaleyo ndlela yenza "ukunyakaza okuphefumulayo". Kwafunyanwa futhi ukuthi i-gawuni lomuntu onempilo ngomzuzu wenza imijikelezo engu-6-10, ukwephulwa kwalo mjikelezo kuholela emiphumeleni ehlukahlukene (izifo zokuzivikela komzimba nezifo, ukukhathazeka, ukukhathazeka, ukukhathazeka kwemisipha, njll). Kulesi simo, lochwepheshe ulungisa i-biorhyth ngokusebenzisa amasu ahlukahlukene wezinhlamvu, ezinye zazo ezingabhekwa njengokuthinta okungaqondakali ikhanda lesiguli.

Imithi engavamile

Isikhathi sezindlela zokwelashwa eziqaphile sezidlulile. Namhlanje kunezinhlobo eziningi zokwelashwa ongakwazi ukudideka kalula ekuhlukeni kwazo. Isintu saqala ukusebenzisa konke okungenani ngandlela-thile iyakwazi ukuthuthukisa isimo sezempilo nempilo. Phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo zokwelashwa kukhona nalabo abangenazo izizathu zesayensi kuphela, kodwa futhi bangela ukumangala:

• Gryazetapia. Iziguli zimbozwa ngodaka, okubhekwa njengokwelashwa futhi kuthinta kahle isimo sesikhumba, amalunga ngisho nomzimba wonke.
• I-Hirudotherapy, indlela eyinhloko yokwelashwa okuwukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezilonda eziphilayo emzimbeni wesiguli.
• I-apitherapy - ukwelashwa kwemikhiqizo yezinyosi: uju, wax, propolis.
• I-Aromatherapy - isiguli sigxilisa ama-pair abalulekile amafutha abalulekile ane-bactericidal and aothing effect.
• Ukuzilibazisa: ukudweba, ukudweba, ukudansa, njll.
• Ukuphathwa kwezilwane - ukuxhumana ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo nezilwane ezifuywayo.

Ukwelashwa kokuhlola

Ngeshwa, imithi yesimanje ingakakwazi ukusiza ukususa zonke izifo. Izifo ezingaqondakali ngokugcwele futhi okungekho imishanguzo, yiqiniso, i-oncology, i-AIDS, i-genetic pathologies eyinkimbinkimbi. Noma kunjalo, ososayensi basebenza ngalokhu kulokhu futhi bafeze impumelelo ethile. Emkhakheni womdlavuza, kuye kwaqalwa amasu amaningi asezingeni lokuhlola:

• Ukwelashwa kwe-molecular kusetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-myeloid leukemia. I-agent esemqoka yi-antibody herceptin, esiza ukucindezela amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
• Ukuhlinzeka nge-laser - ukuvezwa kwelaser kwesifo.
• Ukwelashwa kwe-Photodynamic - irradiation yelungu elithintekile nge-laser beam ngemuva kokwelashwa ngezithombe ze-photosensitizing.
• Ukwelapha i-Gene ukuguqula izakhi zofuzo ezingalungile.

I-Gene thérapie ivula amathuba okuphuza ukwelapha kuphela, kodwa futhi i-hepatitis C, igciwane lesifo se-Embola, i-autism, ubuphofu obuphilayo, i-hemophilia kanye nezinye izifo eziningi kangangokuthi kuze kube manje zibhekwa zingenakuphulukiswa.

Isifinyezo

Ukufingqa ngenhla, ngifuna ukusho ukuthi imithi ifinyelele imiphumela emihle emkhakheni wezokwelapha izifo ezihlukahlukene - zomzimba nezengqondo. , наряду с которыми появились и народные, в том числе и необычные с точки зрения традиционной медицины методики. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zokwelashwa eziqinisekisiwe nezenzakazo zakhiwe, kanye nokuthi kwakukhona abantu, okubandakanya okungavamile ukusuka ekubukeni kwezindlela zokwelapha zendabuko. Noma kunjalo, akuzona zonke izifo ezitholwa ngempumelelo, futhi ukutholakala okuyinhloko kokwelapha emithi akukaze kufike.