I collectivization wezolimo e-USSR - i-scope ne Imiphumela

ezolimo KwabaseSoviet Kwakugxile Khona - kuyinhlekelele okuqinile emlandweni wombuso wethu. Abantu abaningi abampofu abahlala futhi basebenze kule ndawo, nakuba akekho kithi empeleni kuwufanele lutho ngaphandle omkhulu ngomshikashika wabo. Serfdom, okwaphela amakhulu eminyaka babecindezelwa futhi ingxenye enamandla iningi labantu nesineke, ushintshe collectivization ephelele wezolimo e-USSR, uye elihlukanisiwe umlinyana kusukela imiphumela umsebenzi wabo futhi nakanjani abambulala umnikazi abashisekayo. Ake sibheke ukuthi kwenzekani ngempela ngaleyo minyaka kithi, lapho empeleni isiphetho nje kwelinye izwe kodwa lahlukene amazwe, okuyinto manje ngenkani ukuba unikezele iminyaka emuva eziningi sokugcwaliseka kwaso.

iminyaka engu-20 ngekhulu leminyaka lamashumi amabili. Kulwiwa siphelile futhi amaBolshevik bakwazi ukuqalisa ngokuphumelelayo uqobo ngamandla. backwardness Economic, kubonakala, wayekade unqobe, ngoba kukhona yafinyelelwa izinkomba izinga eyandulela impi. Kodwa emhlabeni eSoviet Union kwakungelona isimo esisodwa, onjengaye. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuphakama okwakukhona eSoviet Union, kuyodingeka ukugcina futhi uthathe ezikhukhula njalo. Ukuze ube phakathi kwemibuso emikhulu, kwakudingekile ukuba "uhambisane zikufice" ikamu wobunxiwankulu, lapho sesimanje usesimweni echumayo. Ngo-USSR, njengoba inhlanhla ngabe kusuke sekuholele okusanhlamvu izinto ezinhlelweni zokuthenga crisis. Esondela inkathi "ushintsho olukhulu", lapho hhayi kuphela kwezimboni sebefeze isheshe kunokuba wawenza emazweni aseNtshonalanga. Kwakudingekile ukuba aphule Psychology yomuntu, simenze ithemba ukuqaliswa okusheshayo lonke ithemba lekusasa eliqhakazile. Enye indlela oveza okusheshayo Take-off, esikoqokoqweni ngokuba sesimanje Soviet-isitayela, isibe edolobhaneni. Ngakho ngo-1929 waqala collectivization ophoqelelwe wezolimo e-USSR.

Igalelo kuqala futhi main sabangelwa phezu kulaks. Futhi kwaba ingxenye yokuchuma okukhulu abantukazana, ongazange afune ukwabelana izinto zabo nomuntu ongaziwa futhi babe yingxenye amapulazi collective. Liquidating le kulaks njengoba ikilasi, uhulumeni wamaSoviet awuzange uye walungiselela hhayi kuphela isizinda sezimali kwezimboni buthola umfutho, kodwa futhi wadala ukusekela ngokwezimali wumnotho nomphakathi. Futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo liye kusulwe ebusweni lenqwaba abanikazi entsha kakhulu futhi onekhono kuyo le ndawo. Lawa kwakungamadodana nabantu ababengazi eziningi, futhi ngempoqo nokuqothulwa kwezinhlanga imali yezindleko-bayazi futhi engongi. Inkinga yayiwukuthi e yokuthi incazelo enembile ukuthini igama elithi "kulak" engakaze saveza, okuyinto emenza intriguers ahlukahlukene bayozama nazo zonke labo abake wathutha ngandlela-thile indlela yakhe. Futhi "prokulak" ngokuvamile limenyezelwe abantu phakathi ngisho nabampofu, nemindeni yabo futhi ziye zabhekana ezingabekwa zokucindezelwa kwalabo bantu. Ngakho, umshini ubizwa ngokuthi collectivization wezolimo eSoviet Union ukhukhulwe yonke into esendleleni yawo, ukuthi ngandlela-thile bamelana ukugunda izinwele kanye shayela efanayo. ayizinkulungwane 25 bangamakhomanisi ezisemadolobheni nge amakomiti sompofu, phakathi kwamalungu ababengasekho abalimi futhi bengafundile, iningi wayengazi ukuthi kanjani hhayi ufisa ukusebenza, sibe cannibalization ka Stalin futhi abulawe ngokuvumelana uhlelo we kombuso wobushiqela nge 100%.

Collectivization wezolimo kwadingeka nemiphumela eyinhlekelele. ukukhiqizwa Gross okusanhlamvu unqabile, inani izinkomo namahhashi ukuthi uncipha cishe ingxenye yesithathu. Akekho owayefuna ahlukane ezinhle zabo futhi nje ayethanda ukulichitha kuka ukunikeza expropriators. Nokho, i-collectivization wezolimo e-USSR wawufinyelela umgomo walo ngoba eqa industrializatsionny okwamanje uzibophezele. ezolimo Soviet ilahlekelwe lenqwaba abasebenzi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ke aqede zokwanda okukhulu kwenani labantu yezwe futhi edolobheni bafunde ezinye Kusaphazwa khulula amaholo aphansi nabazimisele ukukusebenzela ucezu lwesinkwa.