"Fedorino Intaba": umbhali, wakhe ukuhlaziywa biography kanye yezinganekwane

"Ukufakaza Ngesibindi kuyachwaza Fly," "Isiliva Emblem", "Fedorino Intaba" - umbhali lezi imisebenzi waziwa. Ukudala Chukovskogo eyenzelwe izingane, kuyamangalisa ngempela. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ezinye izindaba ezimnandi kwakhe kweminyaka engu-90, bangalahlekelwa ukuqondana abo, ngokuletha izingane injabulo yeqiniso futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ekuzikhuliseni. Yini enye edingekayo kusukela kule indaba?

ukuphila Early

Kuyinto imfihlo owabhala "Fedorino entabeni." Umbhali - UKorney Chukovsky. Wazalwa ngo ezikude 1882. Ngemva kwalokho, ngo-a okukhuluma emfushane ngo-1964 Chukovskij wavuma ukuthi wayengayithandi ubizelwa umbhali endala. Nokho, kuyiqiniso, ngoba waba nenhlanhla ukubona Aleksandra Kuprina, uVladimir Korolenko, u-Alexander Blok nezinye imifanekiso Isiliva Age. Okwazalelwa Chukovskogo baba Petersburg. Uyise wayengumGreki umfundi owashiya owesifazane nabalimi abancane, umama womlobi, nezingane ezimbili. Edolobheni ku iNeva umfana wahlanganyela self-lwezemfundo, waphonseka butholakala enqubweni eyinkimbinkimbi yokuthela ngolimi lwesiNgisi (yena Ukugunda kakhulu ngesikhathi esebenza eLondon njengendlela umlobeli we "Odessa Izindaba" iphephandaba).

Emuva e-Russia, umbhali inkosikazi eyamukela ukuxhumana nabantu manje sezibhekwa njengezindawo zabuna ezincwadi. Chukovsky kungokwalabo uchungechunge imisebenzi abazinikezele ukuba imisebenzi Nekrasov (owayeneminyaka imbongi esithandayo), laseChekhov, futurists, izincwadi athandwayo. Kodwa lapho waba nesithakazelo imisebenzi ebhaliwe izingane owabhala "Fedorino entabeni"? Umbhali waleli tale ngokumenywa Gorky sika waqala ukusebenza "Span" ukushicilela indlu. Njengoba umqondisi womnyango izingane zayo sika Chukovsky yena ecabanga ubhala izinkondlo inganekwane futhi temibhalo yephrozi. Ngokushesha Publishing beqiniso lashabalala, futhi umlobi nge ngokuthi "Ingwenya" yakhe (ngaleso sikhathi sesivele sidaliwe) adluliselwe "Ensimini".

okuqukethwe indaba Ukuhlaziywa

Tale "Fedorino Intaba" esanyatheliswa ngo-1926. Ngubani umbhali wencwadi kulo msebenzi, sisuke usuyitholile kakade. Isinyathelo esilandelayo - ngesakhiwo ukuhlaziywa. Tale iqala isithombe ongaziwa: enkundleni egijima endlini izinto. Ngesihlungo, izimbazo, imishanelo izinkomishi ne ezinsimbini - konke odlula ndawo. Okuwukuphela kukafakazi ukuthi kwenzekani kuyimbuzi, olubheka kwenzekani nge ukumangala okukhulu. iqala Ngakho "Fedorino entabeni." Umbhali echaza ibangelwa bese kokubaleka izitsha, eqinisweni, uwayehlalise. Uyabuza ukubuyela izinto waphunyuka, kodwa kwaba nhlanga zimuka nomoya! Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi Saucers, izinkomishi kanye amapuleti akuzona ngqo wemfanelo umnikazi walo, kunjengokungathi ihehe umfundi, ngaleyo ndlela bazilethela kube umcimbi.

Ekhulwini lesine okuyingxenye kufika umvuthwandaba - incazelo yokuthi kungani izitsha baziphathe ngendlela ngabongi ngakho. It kuvela ukuthi isizathu indiza ngoba uwayehlalise wenqaba ukuqapha abasizi babo ezingaphili, ahlanzekile, zizifunele kubo. Ngo ingxoxo inkukhu izitsha linikeza injongo okwenzekayo: kusukela yokuphunyuka ubukeka kuhle lutho (eqinisweni, izinkomishi kanye amapuleti, ukuhamba, ningabi wezindlu), i iplanethi indiza izinto Fedor ufuna okwesabisa. Futhi ukuthi ayiphethe. Uwayehlalise iba ngcono, ukulungele ukuletha amaphela ezimbi, futhi Izingubo zokupheka enquma ukuphindela umnini wayo.

okuqukethwe ngemibono

Iphela kanjalo iminyaka le "Fedorino entabeni." tale umbhali usibeka umlayezo ngokujulile yamaSoviet, okuyinto kuba aqondwa ngisho izingane: a inobudlabha, bephonsa umuntu kubuhlungu ukuxhumana, akusiyo obuphathekayo. isingathekiso kombhali angabhekwa endaweni kuMkhandlu - ubuhlobo bomuntu ifa lakhe, futhi isiko. Ngakho ngisho ukukhuluma uhlobo "Theodora syndrome" okwenzeka namuhla. Kodwa ukulungisa Heroine eba yilungu eligcwele umphakathi: lutho kuphela engxenyeni yokugcina tale likhulume ngaye phakathi - Egorovna. Lapha une abavamile inganekwane "Fedorino Intaba"! Umbhali lifundisa abafundi abasha ukunemba, nokuhlanzeka. Kungenjalo kube nenkinga.

Ngaphezu kwalokho biography Chukovskogo

Umlobi isikhathi eside akazange ikhefu yingcweti indaba ephathwayo yezingane zabo. Ukubhala yobuciko ezifana "Moidodyr" futhi "entabeni Fedorino", umlobi wadala encwadini yakhe edumile 'Kusukela amabili kuya kwamahlanu ", abaxoxa izici kwenkulumo zabantu ezincane kanye esincane kakhulu. Njengesazi sezilimi Chukovskij wazibonisa encwadini "Ukuhlala ezifana nempilo", okuyinto wagxeka izinqubo ezenzeka nge isiRashiya. ukwenqatshwa Special yomlobi wabangela okuthiwa Office, okuyinto ngezikhathi aseSoviet, singene kusukela isikhundla isitayela esemthethweni kwezinye izindawo zokuxhumana womuntu. Roots I. Yaziwa nangokuthi umhumushi emangalisayo, umfundi kuvula imisebenzi Wilde, Rudyard Kipling futhi Whitman.

eminyakeni yamuva

Ngesikhathi akhe okudala ukuvuthwa Roots I. - imbongi neyaziwayo, owawina imiklomelo ehlukahlukene. Kodwa ngisho engu zihlaba (umbhali waphila iminyaka engama-87) ayikuvumeli ukuba umane ukuphumula azithele ngabandayo yethu. Kunalokho, wazikhandla, sikumema abafundi dacha wakhe, lapho bakwazi ukuzwa izindaba ezimnandi zakho ozithandayo emilonyeni umdali wabo.