Extraversion - ukuthi ... Izimiso Psychology. Ubukhulu introversion, extroversion

Odokotela bengqondo kusukela ekuqaleni kumiswa kwale sayensi uzamile zokuhlukanisa izici umuntu abangabantu ngokuvumelana izimfuneko ezithile. Omunye ngezigaba sinjalo uhlobo omnene, okuyinto esekelwe izici ngamunye isimiso sezinzwa. Swiss sokusebenza kwengqondo Carl Jung wathi makwenziwe imodeli ezahlukene, esekelwe ukunyakaza amandla ngemilingo. Kule umbono 2 izilungiselelo siqu sezihlonziwe:

• extraversion;
• introversion.

Ukuthi lo mkhuba

Ngokufaka ukwazi ziyabonisa futhi maqondana izinto noma umhlaba. Introversion futhi extroversion - izindlela ngokwengqondo lithathelwe womuntu ukuze nezwe elalimzungezile, nalaba izilungiselelo ezimbili Akubona abantu. Ngokusho Jung, konke imvelo zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu 2. Izici wokuqala - emazingeni aphezulu yokuzala, okuyinto kuhambisana ubude eliphansi yokuphila yomuntu nababuthaka amakhono ukuzivikela. Iqembu lesibili limelela abantu nokwaneliswa ngokuya ukulondolozwa, kodwa lokhu uhlushwa ezingeni lokuzala. Akunzima kakhulu ukuziqonda, ngakho extraversion - lena Uhlobo lokuqala ukuziphatha ngokwemvelo, ngokuyisisekelo okuyinto ukukhiqizwa futhi zisakaza bamandla alo zonke izinkomba-ndlela, introversion - owesibili, ngamunye lapha uyazivikela ngokumelene yimuphi amathonya kusukela ngaphandle, kuyilapho ukuchitha ubuncane amandla.

isithakazelo Extroverts siqondiswe nezwe elingaphandle. Ekhuluma ewukuhlakanipha okwenziwe yinto ngesikhathi esifanayo abanye abantu kanye netintfo. ububonisa Ngakho okubizwa ngokuthi empeleni zangaphandle. Ukuze introverts Okuthakazelisayo ukuthula kwawo kwangaphakathi - ngokoqobo kwangaphakathi.

izici extroverts

Ukwazi izinto eziyisisekelo Psychology, singakwazi ngokucacile delineate izici umuntu azalwa nalo lokuhlaziya ethile ubuntu hlobo. Ukuze lokhu okulandelayo extroverted kuyiqiniso:

• ukuphila lumayelana izinto zangaphandle;
• ukubaluleka izinto ukuxhumana onjani liyaphuma;
• ubudlelwane umthamo into;
• abantu kuye ezingenalutho, njengoba into kuphela observation;
• kusukela abantu Inani le-extrovert ongaphakeme, wabe ezama ukuthuthukisa;
• naphezu umfutho wamandla, isondo extroverted ngokushesha. Ngenxa okusezingeni eliphezulu amandla izindleko zokuxhumana, bakhetha ukuhlala wedwa.

Izimpawu introverts

Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, i umnyewu kungenziwa libhekene izici ezilandelayo:

• abstracting kusukela into, okusho otvlekanie libido asuka masinyane kuye;
• Ohlangothini ukunyakaza zomhlaba kwangaphakathi, kude yangempela;
• abantu azibonayo ubuntu;
• ngokuvamile leti esizonda umnyewu;
• Inani impahla ngomuntu onjalo kuphezulu, ngakho-ke izama ukunciphisa inani layo, ukuze singathwesi wanamathela kubo;
• uma i umnyewu ingabe akuhileli inqubo esebenzayo yokuxhumana, lo umuntu onamahloni azizwa kahle izinkampani ezinomsindo.

izisusa yangaphakathi

Ngokusho Jung, extraversion - lokhu ubuqotho balo, ukuhamba, ikhono ukuze uthole kanye nomunye umuntu, nezimo lula isimo. Natura nale uhlobo ubuntu ngokushesha kudala yobudlelwane nabanye futhi singakhethi, ngaleyo ndlela bephonsa kalula ukungabaza nokwesaba. Ngo ezinkampani isimo extrovert isithembiso lula emitameni okuyingozi.

Introversion elinesimo imvelo lembhali oscillating, ivame ukuba kude. Umuntu onjalo bathambekele sokuba ngizigcine kude into bese cishe njalo bahlale bezama ukuzivikela.

I yisandla endleleni, ukwahlulela kanye extrovert izenzo iziphi izici zangaphandle. Nakuba umuntu onamahloni kuyinto bokungafani walolu hlobo izinto. Emehlweni i extrovert, abantu uhlobo oluhlukile ubuntu unesicefe futhi kalula esivikelekile, ngiyajabula injabulo bonke abanye abantu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uhlelo umnyewu ngubani ivame ukuba oludonsa, aphatha ngayo abantu nohlobo okuphambene isethi zengqondo ezingezwakali, bums eligcizelela ukubukeka kwangaphandle, ngubani njalo ezama ukudonsa ukunakwa nganobe ngutiphi tindlela.

Ukuphenywa introversion futhi extraversion

Udokotela wengqondo nama- Ayzenk kwaholela umthetho, owawuthi model of ubuntu kungenziwa libhekene izici ezimbili: Zengqondo (extraversion / introversion) kanye ukumelana. Lolu hlelo ikuvumela ukuba kutholakale uhlobo ngokunembile ngokwanele Ubumnene futhi orientation. Ngakho extroversion / introversion kungenziwa ukubola zibe onobuhle ezahlukene 8.

Mayelana Zengqondo saxoxa kancane ephakeme, kanjalo siyakulalela ukuba icabange ngazo futhi. Interesting okuningi kulokhu esilinganisweni neuroticism. Njengoba kwaphawula Eysenck, Ubumnene kuncike ngokuqondile ku ukuzinza umuntu. Ngakho, ngo-okusezingeni eliphezulu neuroticism indoda kuyahluka ukungalingani izinqubo engqondo, imizwelo ukuntengantenga futhi lability ka autonomic nesimiso sezinzwa. I umuntu lolu hlobo umuntu abangothathekile, ne ukushintshashintsha nobuntu kwemizwelo, suspiciousness, namandla nokuba manqikanqika. Ngezinye okuphambene neuroticism pole isici umuntu nge ukuzinza ngokomzwelo, ibhalansi nokuzimisela.

Ubumnene

Scale-introversion extroversion kanye nokuntengantenga-ukuzinza izimele futhi okuguquguqukayo. Okungukuthi, kungenzeka ahlangabezane umnyewu kanye extrovert efana ne neuroticism high and low. Izici ngabanye kulokhu uzobe kakhulu kuhluke. Abantu abaningi babe nezici ukuthi zitholakala emhlabeni maphakathi Eysenck esikalini. ibanga Abanamandla izigxobo kubonisa ukuphambuka kusuka kusho inani, futhi ngaleyo ndlela, kobukhulu izakhiwo siqu.

Ngo uvumela le esikalini nge izinhlobo ezine Ubumnene singaphetha okusobala. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho ehamba eduze eksisi evundla kabili kusuka kwesokunxele kuya kwesokudla kwandisa extraversion - lokhu ibonisa izinga nokuvuleka yomuntu. I-axis emile phansi-up ungabona ukwehla ukuzinza.

Ngokusho Eysenck senhliziyo kungenziwa bachazwa futhi ngalendlela:

• choleric - engazinzile, extroverted;
• sanguine - esitebeleni extroverted;
• melancholic - singumuntu ongazethembi, unkom 'idla yodwa;
• umuntu phlegmatic - ngendlela engaguquguquki unkom 'idla yodwa.

Introversion-extroversion - test

Ukuze ukwazi ukubona ngokunembile uhlobo sengqondo ngokwengqondo yomuntu, kubalulekile ukuba siphendukele izazi zokusebenza kwengqondo, ubani ngesisekelo kokuhlolwa kaningana kungaba kakhulu ngokunembile bakuchaza. Ukuze ukuhlola okusheshayo angenza ukusetshenziswa imibuzo ehlukahlukene, kutholakala ku-inthanethi noma izincwadi thematic. Bavumela wena ukulinganisa ubuntu offhand ukuthambekela ngabanye.

Kodwa kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ukunemba novivinyo olunjalo kungenziwa nomkhawulo ekubukeni yinkimbinkimbi eyanele sokunquma psycho. Phela, extraversion - akubi njalo ngaso sonke usuvulekile uhlobo lomuntu. Kukhona inani elanele "izinyathelo" isethi ngokwengqondo. Ngakho, iveza isimo esingokoqobo ukuhlangabezana umuntu onamahloni, esibonakala by sociability nokuvuleka futhi, kunalokho, ivaliwe extrovert.

isiphetho

Kodwa ukuthi kungase kube yiqiniso, ku extraversion test liyohlonza kahle izimfanelo ezinhle nobuthakathaka amaqembu ngabanye. Kuyinto akhathalela ngokuyinhloko degree of excitability, esithinta ngqo ijubane ukuqonda futhi yokufunda. Ulwazi psycho womuntu ivumela ngaphezulu ukukhetha uhlobo olufanele umsebenzi nasezinkolelweni, kanye nokusiza ukugwema izingxabano lapho sisebenzelana umuntu ngokuphelele uhlobo okuphambene.