ECrimea National Park: igama, incazelo, isithombe

Akukhona nje uhlobo ukuphumula noma ukuzilibazisa ongancintisana ngokuhlala eduze nemvelo? Ubani nje ongeke athande injabulo ukuzizwa umoya wokukhululwa ngokuphelele esonweni, umoya ohlanzekile, ayegcwele ako amakhambi amahlamvu?

Ukuncisha bazikhipha ithuba uxhumane ngokuvamile nemvelo intengo ukukhokhela izinzuzo olunikezwa intuthuko kwezesayensi nakwezobuchwepheshe. Unyaka nonyaka, namanje izindawo ezimbalwa ukuthi isakhuluma ukubukeka koqobo. It Athinteka okwaholela ekuzalweni eco-tourism, ophethe usizo enhlanganweni imisebenzi yamasiko. Ayikwazi izinqolobane zingagadiwe kanye esiqiwini eCrimea.

Crimean Yemvelo Reserve: ekudalweni

Kwathatha iminyaka engu-ababalelwa ekhulwini njengoba kusaqhuba YaseCrimea Yemvelo Reserve. Kuyinto e pre-wamavukelambuso uhulumeni tsarist ngo-1913 wanquma ukusungula 'Reserve ukuzingela yasebukhosini. " Ngesikhathi esifanayo kwi insimu yalo kukhona ezingavamile ungulates ngisho Umbala like zinyathi, Dagestan imbuzi, mouflon neCorsican, bezoar imbuzi, izinyamazane Caucasian.

Kwathatha omunye engu-10. A bit of passion kudamba, elihlobene ne izenzakalo wamavukelambuso, impi yamaqembu esizwe esisodwa ufile phansi. UMkhandlu Yabantu Commissars yezwe abasha Soviet wakhipha isimemezelo esikhethekile ku ushintsho ayengaphansi reserve bobukhosi zigciniwe. Ekuqaleni insimu yayo khona endaweni 16 eziyinkulungwane. Ha, kodwa ekupheleni 1923 kukhuphuke ngo 7 ayizinkulungwane. Amahektha. Nature imithombo zokulondolozwa eCrimea uya edonsa amaholide abangamalungu nabasekeli nakwezokuvakasha.

Ekupheleni 50s Reserve washintsha isimo salo kusukela esandleni okulula Khrushchev iba YaseCrimea isimo ukuzingela reserves, okungase kube esiphakeme izikhulu kakhulu. Kuphela ngo-1991, Ukraine SSR, uhulumeni ngemvume isimemezelo lapho endaweni futhi yaphenduka esiqiwini. Itholakala maphakathi iqembu izintaba ngaphansi kwegama Main YaseCrimea yokhalo. Kuze kube manje, eCrimea National Park ihlanganisa cishe izinkulungwane 33,4. Amahektha.

Climate futhi izitshalo esiqiwini

Izimo zezulu we inqolobane YaseCrimea akakwazi ngokuthi esitebeleni. A umthelela omkhulu kule isici ine yokuchayeka emaceleni ale ntaba futhi eziphakeme zone. Ngokwesibonelo, ezonini engenhla okushisa negative unyaka wonke kungenziwa lugcinwa izinyanga ezine. Ezinkangala kwezulu asemkhathini inqwaba (engaphezu kuka-1000 amamilimitha angu for the nonyaka owodwa), ukuze maphakathi esiqiwini babe imithombo nemifula eminingi eCrimea, kuhlanganise Tavelchuk, Alma, Kacha, nabanye. Ezintabeni YaseCrimea egicna imvelo has okhiye cishe angamakhulu amathathu. Abaningi babo bafunana ephulukisa, ikakhulukazi umi phandle umthombo abadumile Savluh-Su - amanzi ayo abacebile ion esiliva.

Flora zensimu ngaphansi kwesivikelo isimo, ehlukahlukene, isibalo sezinye izinhlobo idlula 1200. Eceleni kusuka kwamanye ngamunye sikhule amahlathi, ubuswa ingenye kwezinhlobo ohlwini ezihlahla:

• zikaphayini YaseCrimea and kaphayini Scots;
• Umuthi we-oki;
• hornbeam;
• beech.

Kuyinto engenakwenzeka overestimate ukubaluleka emahlathini endaweni luvikelwe ngokulandela Ukuvikelwa kwenhlabathi namanzi kwemvelo. Akubona bonke abantu bendawo bazi ukuthi zokulondolozwa kukhona eCrimea.

Ophila esiqiwini eyinhloko eCrimea?

Izilwane ikilasi yezilwane ezinomgogodla amelwa zinhlobo engaphezu kwamakhulu amabili. Akufanele yini babangela ukumangala Wavumbuka ngemuva izihlahla inyamazane futhi mouflon iyisilwane ngokushesha washesha Roe YaseCrimea. Ngokukhululekile uzizwa amanqe abamnyama, griffons kanye izikhova, okuyizinto izinhlobo eziningana. Isimo wathatha zivalelwe emashumi mahlanu anamibini zinhlobo futhi amathathu ezisohlwini Red Book of Europe. Phakathi kwalezi zihlanganisa:

• black nonogolantethe;
• bustard;
• grey crane;
• isikhova;
• scorpion Crimean;
• Starling pink nokunye. D.

River endaweni evikelwe abakwazi ukuqhosha inqwaba zama-angenasawoti izakhamuzi. Kodwa phakathi kwabo kukhona ezinye izinhlanzi ezingavamile ezifana barbel Crimean futhi trout ukusakaza. Hhayi ezindaweni eziningi kakhulu emhlabeni lapho ungabhekana crab angenasawoti. Iziqiwu futhi National Parks eCrimea - ifa yemvelo bonke abantu, ngakho-ke abantu kufanele silazise endaweni enkulu kangaka.

Lapha ikakhulukazi izivakashi ngesikhathi wadala emizileni imvelo nezindawo zokungcebeleka. Wonke umuntu ofuna simazi kangcono ocebile bemvelo eCrimea, ithuba eliyingqayizivele ukubona ngamehlo ami siqu.

Yalta entabeni-Nature Reserve

Ukuqala esiqiwini endaweni ayizinkulungwane 14. 176 amahektha ubhekwa 1973. Yikuphi kulondoloza zokulondolozwa kukhona eCrimea, ekujabulisayo holidaymakers eziningi. Ezikhathini zaseSoviet, le ndawo yaba yinto enkulu yezempilo, ngakho-ke abantu bazibuze ukuthi amahlathi zazihlanzekile futhi emakhoneni kancane namuhla.

Emithambekeni yezintaba esiqiwini sikhule izihlahla nge iziqu sasivumela ubude - zikaphayini Crimean futhi Scots. Amahlozi oki kanye beech ngezinye izikhathi sithathelwe indawo esinindolweni, esakhiwa abamele siluhlaza iMedithera. Lokhu akusona isimanga, ngoba isimo sezulu esinqeni okufanayo, kanye zokungcebeleka iMedithera. Ayanda emthambekeni, kulapho liphinyiselwe umehluko.

Kuvikelekile izitshalo reserve

Isibalo zinhlobo izitshalo ezidinga ukuvikelwa isimo, ilingana 78-mi. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• adenofora eCrimea;
• Maidenhair (noma izinwele womfazi);
• sitrobheli esihlahleni;
• zokhuni okusezingeni eliphezulu ;
• cistus eCrimea;
• peony Crimean;
• violet Crimean;
• yaskolka Bieberstein et al.

Kukhona futhi izinhlobo zawo ezifana ziyasatshalalaiswa kuphela ngaphakathi endaweni evikelwe (igama elithi ngokwesayensi - "kwezinhlobo sendawo"), isibonelo:

• bindweed Crimean;
• Uhlobo lwembali enephunga elimnandi ongaphakeme;
• geranium Crimean;
• Dubrovnik yaylinsky;
• Paeonia Daurica et al.

Kufanele kube ngaphansi isivikelo esikhethekile salezi zokulondolozwa eCrimea. Bhala amagama amapaki ingatholakala kulesi sihloko.

imfuyo reserve

Utshani kwaphela noma kukhasa phezu kwala matshe kukhona ezihuquzelayo evuthayo: isibankwa YaseCrimea, YaseCrimea zesigcilikisha skids, ingilazi Izigcikilisha (isibankwa legless), copperhead (colubridae lomndeni). Ngaphansi kwesivikelo isimo kukhona izilwane womndeni ngamalulwane: amalulwane, bat, ukhamba futhi noctule.

Ukuziqhenya Yalta Reserve angabhekwa njengoba Ai-Petri, Wuchang-Su impophoma (8 kuphela km kusuka Yalta), Three-iso womhume Ah-Petri, kudlule kaDeveli enezitezi (noma version-Turkish of "Shaitan-Merdven").

abasebenzi Yalta Reserve unake okukhethekile ukufundisa umphakathi ezemvelo. Lokhu injongo sinikezwa yi izindlela emvelweni kanye nemizila for bonke abafuna ukuthola ukwaziswa okwengeziwe ngokwelashwa ezikhangayo zendawo. Ukuthandwa okwandisa eCrimea kukhona zokulondolozwa kwemvelo. Amagama kulezi zindawo uvunywe izikhathi ezikude eSoviet. Kubalulekile aphathe ngokucophelela kulezi zindawo ukuthi okhokho bethu futhi babone ubuhle zemvelo yeRussia.

Azov-Sivash National Park,

Lokhu epaki uvele cishe amabili edlule - ngo-1993. Ngaphambi ukuthi kwakunomsebenzi Azov-Sivash Reserve. Nakuba kwepaki yemvelo futhi kubhekwa eCrimea, kodwa ezinye ingxenye luphakathi Kherson esifundeni. Ngamanye amazwi, kuthatha ama-west coast kwendawo Azov Sea of 57.400 amahektha.

share sengonyama yalesi siqiwu esisogwini namathe engasolwandle ebizwa ngokuthi Biruchiy Isiqhingi nezinye iziqhingi ezincane eduze. INcwadi Red wenza cishe amahlanu zinhlobo zezilwane ukuthi abahlala Azov-Sivash National Park. Yiqiniso, i-main YaseCrimea esiqiwini ngeke kuqhathaniswe insimu.

Bhuka "Cape-Mars"

Uma ushayela kancane empumalanga edumile Nikita Botanical Gardens, kuyadingeka indlela ukuhlangabezana agcinele "Cape-Marian." Yonke indawo ekulezo insimu yalo, kuhlanganise Black Sea amanzi endaweni ilingana 240 amahektha. isimo Reserve yena yanikezelwa ngo-1973, ngenkathi ngaphansi kwesivikelo isimo zayiyisa ngo-1947.

Ikhadi lebhizinisi esiqiwini - ehlathini esifuze lapho ikhula zinhlobo engengaphansi kwengu anamakhulu mahlanu isitshalo, ikakhulukazi okuqondene uhlobo iMedithera. Igama elithi "Arbutus abomvu" (noma "Madrono Small berried") kungatholakala International Red Book. Lena omele ezingavamile womgwaqo obanzi enezicabha izihlahla ezihlale ziluhlaza, okuyinto zitholakala ngokuyinhloko engxenyeni esempumalanga ezwekazini laseYurophu kuthiwa. Nalokhu futhi, eCrimea National Park, ngakho kwabakhileyo endaweni futhi izitshalo kukhona ngendlela ekhethekile.

Bhuka "Swan Islands"

Ngo Karkinitsky Bay - Black Sea igudle enyakatho-ntshonalanga ye ugu YaseCrimea - kukhona Swan Islands kanye inqolobane igama elifanayo. endaweni kwayo ngokuphelele kuyinto 9612 amahektha.

Esiqiwini kuyingxenye indlela, lapho kundiza khona izinyoni ukuba eningizimu yeYurophu (I-Asia, e-Afrika). Lesi siqhingi wakhethwa cormorants, Flamingo, inhlanzi gull, izindwandwe nokuningi. D. Eyokwakha izidleke zawo. Njengoba abaningi njengoba 265 zezinyoni.

Wonke umuntu kufanele avakashele zokulondolozwa eCrimea, uhlu okuyinto okwethulwa kulesi sihloko. Lezi zindawo sokujabulisa futhi mangaza engokwemvelo yayo.