Donskoy Monastery eMoscow - umlando, izithombe kanye nencazelo

Omunye zasendulo esidala kakhulu futhi emuhle kakhulu ezakhiwo 16-19 eminyaka enhlokodolobha. Kuyinto Donskoi Monastery. E-Moscow, kuba cishe wonke umuntu uyazi. Kodwa umuzi izivakashi ezithakazelisayo kanye nokwaziswa okuwusizo mayelana yena ngokwakhe nokuthi ukuze ufike lapha.

Lapho kuba?

History of the lesikhumbuzo ithakazelisa kakhulu. Futhi liphi Donskoy Monastery eMoscow? Ikheli okulandelayo: endaweni Don, 1-3. Uma uya lapha by zokuthutha umphakathi, kuyoba okunengqondo ngaphezulu ukuze uthole on the esitimeleni: egatsheni Kaluga-eRiga esiteshini "Shabolovskaya". Khona-ke kufanele uphume kanye jikela ngakwesokudla, zidlule Shabolovka emgwaqweni ukuze ngowokuqala T-rockstar (ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo ukuhamba lokuqala ngokusebenzisa Don). Khona-ke kwesokudla futhi, ungalokothi ukuphambuka, uya ngasezindongeni sezindela. The main emnyango wahlala ivela endaweni Don.

1. Cathedral elikhulu.

2. Small Cathedral.

3. umbhoshongo yebheli ibandla UZakariya no-Elizabethe.

4. Tikhvin Church.

5. Ikhishi (XVIII c.).

6. Church of St Ioanna Zlatousta.

7. Arhimandritskie emakamelweni (XVIII c.).

8. Church of uTikhon.

9. Church of St Aleksandra Svirskogo.

10. Church of St Ioanna Lestvichnika.

11. Amaseli.

12. Theological Seminary (XVIII c.).

13. Chamber.

amaseli 14. ahambisanayo namaklabhu (XVIII c.).

15. Chapel.

16. ISonto Arhangela Mihaila.

17. amaseli Kwabagulayo.

18. Balcony. isakhiwo.

19. Hoz. isakhiwo.

20. Uthango of sezindela.

21. Ithuna Levchenko.

22. Church of St George Velikomuchenika Pobedonostsa.

23. ISonto Aleksandra Nevskogo.

24. Shrine Prostyakov.

25. Tower kocingo.

26, 27. Izindonga Tower.

28. Tower kocingo.

29,30. Tower udonga.

31. Tower kocingo.

32, 33. ezindongeni Tower.

34. Tower kocingo.

35, 36. Izindonga Tower.

37 Museum eziphathelene nezempi.

38. impumuzo okuphezulu nge Cathedral kaKristu uMsindisi.

39. Arbor.

40. isithonjana KaMose.

41. Obelisk, uphawu lomgwaqo.

History of the ukwakhiwa

Akwaziwa ngokuthé ngqo ukuthi Donskoy Monastery yadalwa. Mlando Iningi sithambekele bakholelwa ukuthi yasungulwa ngo 1591. Okunye ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi kwenzeka ngemva kwesikhashana: e 1592-93, ngokulandelana. Ukuze ezisekhona legend of ngezimo icala kokuhlonipha uNkulunkulu iminyaka engamakhulu amane edlule. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-16 lapho oluqinisayo mobile amabutho Russian sebetholakele, noma, njengoba lalibizwa kanjalo - "ukuhamba edolobheni". Lokhu ayimizulane deg kulandelana kwadingeka elikhuthele esontweni lasekamu, eyasungulwa behlonipha St. Sergiya Radonezhskogo. Kwakhiwa indlu enkulu yesonto main kwakukhona Don uNina kaNkulunkulu, kuyafana legend uthi, umdala okukhulu wambusisa Prince Dimitriya Ioannovicha ukulwa ne Tartar-amaMongol, eyangena umlando njengoba Battle of Kulikovo. Kamuva wanika igama sezindela lakhiwa lapha Tsar Fyodor Ivanovich e 1593 behlonipha kulondolozwa muzi YaseCrimea Khan Gaza II Giray. Isithonjana Don UnguNina KaNkulunkulu walondolozwa kuze izinsuku zethu. It iseningizimu Tretyakov Igalari. Njengoba Giray Khan waba bezingelwa aphume izindonga zomuzi, 'kunanini ehlaselwa dolobha lethu AmaTatar. A Donskoy Monastery eMoscow kwaba isixhumanisi yokugcina indandatho ukuzivikela ngaphandle komuzi, kanye Novodevichy futhi Danilov Monastery.

Abode endulo

isiphetho abathandwayo lokhu sezindela. Been ekuphileni kwakhe iminyaka ngokunganaki, kwathiwa bachuma futhi isikhathi lapho eba omunye zezindela acebe futhi nelungelo iningi Russia. Esikhathini Inkathi Nezinkinga ukuthi lathunjwa futhi aphanga amasosha Polish, wahola Hetman Chodkiewicz. Eminyakeni embalwa ezayo lapha wabusa incithakalo. Kubuyiselwe sezindela Romanovs: amakhosi Mikhail Fedorovich nangokuthi Alexei Mikhailovich. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, endaweni ozithandayo womthandazo sovereigns iba Donskoy Monastery eMoscow. Ikheli it is kahle yibo bonke abantu-Orthodox. Nazi izindwendwe izimisele. Umhlaba sezindela lisakazeka. Yakhelwe izakhiwo itshe entsha. Abode buya omunye enkulu, abacebe ihlonishwa kuleli zwe. Ngo 1698, udade isifungo Tsar uPetru mina, kuyinto lombhishobhi entsha enhle lamiswao behlonipha Don isithonjana, manje okuthiwa Omkhulu. Ukuze sifake izimali ukwakhiwa kwalesi umcebo wasebukhosini. Izindonga nethempeli kwakubizwa ahlotshiswa. Bona ngesineke edumile Italian Antonio Claudio. Kuze kube namuhla ezahlala ezinkulu oqoshiwe 8 abaphuma iconostasis izithombe ababethi isitayela "izinhlamvu fryazhskie." Agasti 21 ngonyaka ofanayo lombhishobhi lanikezelwa Metropolitan uTikhon. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kukhona yamisa odongeni nge imibhoshongo nambili, kepha efaniswe kocingo Novodevichy Sezindela. Ngo-1712, ngaphansi kwe-altare lombhishobhi Big yangcwelisa ibandla labaseTheselonika Isethulo leNkosi. Izimali i-ukwakhiwa yayo, banikelela enkosini yakwa omunye ezifundeni Georgia Archil, wangcwatshwa lapha kamuva, kanye namadodana akhe. Lelibandla kusukela kulesi sikhathi saba yindawo yokungcwaba Georgian izibalo eziningi ukwenza izinhlangano zamasiko nezombusazwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Donskoy Monastery, futhi liaises ne-Ukraine. Ngakho, ngalesi sikhathi Isigodlo baba hhayi kuphela esihlanganisayo isikhungo okungokomoya, kodwa futhi enye zezombusazwe. Ngekhulu le-18 ngoba Isigodlo - inkathi yokuchuma. He phathelana nothile umnotho izinduna ophethe leli zwe, futhi serfs eziningi. Kukhona izakhiwo ezintsha. Akha Ensemble omangalisayo lathumela, okuyinto kungabonwa esikhathini sethu. I yamathuna yakhiwe. Isigodlo saba yindawo uhlezi osaziwayo abaningi besikhathi sethu. Lapho ubheka ikusasa, kubalulekile ukuba liyasho ukuthi ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene waba endaweni yokungcwaba yamakhosi Georgian uDavide, uMathewu Alexandra, isazi sefilosofi P. Chaadaev, izimbongi Kheraskov M. futhi A. Sumarokov, umbhali V Odoevskogo mlando V Kliuchevskoi, wezakhiwo O. Bove , Umdwebi Perov, umbhali Ivan Shmelev, isazi sefilosofi I. A. Ilina futhi Jikelele A. I. Denikina. Lapha ngo-2008 wangcwatshwa umlobi odumile waseRussia u-Alexander uSolzhenitsyn. Futhi kwakukhona emathuneni of Donskoy Monastery eMoscow ngo 1591. Manje ihlukaniswe abadala nabasha. Lokhu kuzoxoxwa ngakho ngezansi.

Le nhlekelele ezinsukwini wokuhlubuka Kwande

Ngo 1771, kwezwakala omunye owaziwa kakhulu ngesikhathi izenzakalo zizimbi. Sikhuluma lokubulala esigodlweni sezindela uMbhishobhi u-Ambrose. Kwakuyisikhathi esibi isikhathi - Inhlupheko ukuvukela kuleli zwe. Raged ubhubhane ezimbi, sekuthunjweni izinkulungwane zezimpilo. Kukhona umbono ukuthi isifo ekhuliswe eMoscow kusukela amazwe Black Sea phakathi nempi Russian-Turkish. Lesi sifo eba ngokushesha, esehlanganise insimu entsha futhi ekhaya enhloko-dolobha. Nokufa anda usuku ngalunye oludlulayo. Abantu abekade ukwethuka. Amabhokisi siswele. Emigwaqweni eMoscow kungabonwa, nabagulayo futhi unempilo futhi abafileyo. Futhi izidumbu bavame nje baxoshwa izindlu. Bona ilele emgwaqeni. Ezimweni ezinjalo, isifo ngokushesha ngilinqobile edlulela emasimini amasha. Odokotela bavame ayikwazanga asize abagulayo. Abantu ziphephela ukholo lwabo eNkosini. Abantu abawakhi imihla ngemihla ngasemnyango we iqaba e China-idolobha eliseduze isithonjana ngokuyisimangaliso Our Lady of Bogolyubovo. Kokubili iziguli futhi unempilo wamanga shrine, sandla ukusabalala nalolubhubhane. U-Archbishop-Ambrose, uyakubona lokho, uvinjelwe imithandazo yomphakathi, futhi kakhulu isithonjana luhlelwe isusiwe. Raging isixuku ekuseni wabe eseya smash the Chudov wezindela in the Kremlin. Kodwa ngokushesha lezi zihlubuki safinyelela kanye Donskoy Monastery, izindonga okuyinto baphephela Ambrose. Abavukeli wabulala umbhishobhi, futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi zaqala ukubhubhisa izindlu yezikhulu nokuhlukanisa abantu abanesifo esithelelanayo ezindaweni. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezintathu lo ukuhlubuka athandwa u ukuyiveza. Ngemiyalo yezikhulu uCatherine II Ambrose ababulali babulawa elenga Red Square. Inhlupho umangalele cishe 57.000 izimpilo.

Izinguquko kwekhulu le-19

Khumbula ukuthi ngo-1764 yesigodlo wathola stavropigialny isimo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kusukela manje kuqhubeke ukuthi sithunyelwe esiGungwini Esingcwele futhi wayenelungelo lokwenqaba ukukhetha Archimandrite. Ekhulwini le-19, isiphetho sezindela izikhathi eziningana kwashintsha kakhulu. A round esisha okwenza umlando we Donskoy Monastery. E-Moscow e 1812, waba ngukumkani incithakalo. Abantu abaningi abahlala kulesi sikhathi kwesokunxele enhlokodolobha. The French, eholwa Napoleon ehlaselwa. Ngoba bonke kwaba sobala ukuthi isitha esiyoba edolobheni. Ngokushesha okwenzekile. Don sezindela laphangwa ngu-French. Raging umlilo 1812 eMoscow, izindlu ezicekeleke phansi eziningi kanye izikhumbuzo kwamasiko. Kodwa ngokushesha waqala ukubonisa bavuselele leli dolobha. Futhi kabusha yesigodlo. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu esigodlweni sezindela itholakala Imingcele Ezingokomoya iKomidi, wathutha kamuva KuZiqu-zintathu-uSergiyu Lavra. Kusukela ngo-1834 kukhona esikoleni zenkolo, okuyinto oqeqeshiwe abafundela sikole, futhi kusukela ngo-1909 - futhi isikole sokuqeqesha izimfundamakhwela ziyaye. Futhi esigodlweni sezindela ngaleso sikhathi kukhona Chamber iconographic wabo. Selezneva. Lapha ukulungiselela abadwebi enze oda umsebenzi. Ensimini ka wezindela yakhiwe esontweni Arhangela Mihaila futhi iSonto Ioanna Zlatousta. Njalo ngonyaka ngo-August 19 kule nkathi lugujwa usuku Don isithonjana. Ngalolu suku, odwendweni senzeka Isigodlo kweNyuka Cathedral of the Kremlin. Okwamanje kukhona usebenza igolide efekethisiwe workshop. Abantu abafuna ukuqonda nekhono efekethisiwe ngegolide intambo, zama ukuya Donskoy Monastery eMoscow. Izibuyekezo bathi imikhiqizo ubuhle amakhosi endawo Iyamangalisa. Izifundo studio ukusiza ukufunda inqubo ebusweni negolide efekethisiwe, okuyinto kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo yasetshenziselwa ukupenda kwezihloko lasendulo zezinto zalo isonto.

Ngemva Okthoba Revolution-1917

Century 20 ulilethele eziningi ukuhlolwa e-share emphakathini. Inguquko in October 1917, waba negalelo elikhulu Donskoy Monastery eMoscow livalwe ngokomthetho. Nokho, inkonzo emathempelini lapha baqhubeka isikhathi esithile. Landelayo lapho zitholakala ezikhungweni ezahlukene Soviet, futhi kamuva - yezabasebenzi koloni yezingane. Kuyaziwa ukuthi abantu bambamba ngamandla kuleli zwe ngaleso sikhathi, hhayi kuphela abalenamelanga abefundisi, kodwa futhi wahlela nokushushiswa konya zamakholwa. Ngo-20-yalolucwaningo ezindongeni Isigodlo kukhona embukisweni anti-zenkolo. Ngemva nje kancane kwalokho kwaba khona ngisho evulekile okubizwa ngokuthi anti-zenkolo art Museum. Ngo-May 1922, walethwa lapha uTikhon eyisiboshwa. Lapha yena wachitha isikhathi esiningi isiphelo sako. Naphezu kokuthi amaphoyisa elunywe indlebe njalo nokucindezelwa ngokwengqondo uhulumeni wamaSoviet, uTikhon guided iSonto kule nkathi nzima ngaye. Uye wakwazi ukukwenza ngenxa yobunye abantu Russian. Inzalamizi yabafile ziyalahlwa ukuhoxiswa isimo amagugu isonto, ngokuthi ethembekileyo ukumelela ezihlukunyeziwe "abacindezelwe manje umama wethu ongcwele." Ngo-December 1924, ngesikhathi uTikhon, owayehlala iseli we Donskoy Monastery, wadutshulwa ngemvula yezinhlamvu wabulawa. It lwangena kubahlaseli amabili kuya Yobungcwele lakhe lokubulala. Bevula umnyango umzalwane wabantu Yakov Polozov. Wabulawa abahlaseli. Ngo-1925, uTikhon ukugula futhi washona ngo-March ngesikhathi Annunciation. St Burial esenzeka Cathedral Amancane. Lapho ubheka ikusasa, kuyafaneleka ukuthi ngo-1989, uTikhon ukuthi abagcotshwa. Ngo-1964, igatsha le-Research Museum of Architecture. Shchusev kwaphenduka Donskoy Monastery. E-Moscow, isixhumanisi main ke yayisethafeni Vozdvizhenka. Ngo-1946, umkhandlu Small saqala inkonzo. Ngo-1991, sezindela wayiswa eMoscow Sabefundisi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kwakukhona wokhelwa ezinonya Small Cathedral. Phakathi nomsebenzi wokulungisa ngokuhamba imivubukulo izinsalela St uTikhon atholakele. Bona zafakwa umdlavuza eyayibhalwe futhi zayiswa Grand Cathedral, lapho zigcinwa kuze kube yilolu suku.

Umklamo Ensemble

Lapha ungakhetha kulokhu okulandelayo:

• lombhishobhi elikhulu. Lwenza eminyakeni 1686-1698 yokudumisa Don Isithonjana uNina kaNkulunkulu. izakhiwo ezahlukene. He is igalari ezinkulu ezinhlanu-oluyingungu azungezile.

• Small Cathedral. Yakhelwe eminyakeni 1591-1593 yokudumisa Don Isithonjana uNina kaNkulunkulu. Ngo isitayela esisodwa esinamakhanda ethempelini bokwakha Russian kwekhulu XVI.

• I-Church of St Alexander Svirsky. empumalanga Kutholwe ka Cathedral Omkhulu. Yakhelwe eminyakeni 1796-98 ku Ukubala N. A. Zubova izimali phezu ethuneni kayise, lephalamende wangaphambili phakathi nesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe. Kuyinto ithempeli kwethuna amazinyo bohlobo. It yakhelwe ku isitayela classic, kanye nezakhiwo eziningi manje ehlanganisa Donskoy Monastery. E-Moscow, izithombe Rotunda kungabonwa ngesikhathi nemibukiso bezithombe abadumile.

• Bandla Tikhvin Isithonjana uNina kaNkulunkulu. Eyakhelwe 1713-14, ngokulandelana. Kutholwe ku esangweni esenyakatho sezindela.

• Isonto Arhangela Mihaila. Unyaka ka ukwakhiwa - 1714 Akhiwe ekhoneni engxenyeni eseningizimu yesigodlo. Kuyinto yokhokho ngengcwaba omkhaya Golitsyn.

• I-Church of St Ioanna Zlatousta. Yakhelwe V P. Gavrilovym, V. D. Sherom futhi M. P. Ivanovym ngu wezakhiwo AG Vincent eminyakeni 1888-1891. Made in isitayela WaseByzantium. Ingabe Pervushin ecabangela ukungcwatshwa kwami. Akhiwe engxenyeni esenyakatho yesigodlo, lowo ivaliwe ukufinyelela.

• Gate isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi. Iminyaka yokwakhiwa - 1730-53. Kutholwe ku esangweni entshonalanga.

• I-Church of St uTikhon. Umi 1997. Kusobala esizeni wangaphambili izingadi novices. Ibandla ephansi ethuneni Shevchenko umndeni.

• The Church of Alexander saseNevsky. Lena isakhiwo yesimanje. Eyakhelwe 2006.

• Isibusiso kahle amanzi. Kulezi zinsuku ayisetshenziswa ngenxa unsuitability yamanzi okuphuza.

• Chapel. Wadala ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 lapho kuhlonishwa insindiso ngokuyisimangaliso asebukhosini ngesikhathi ebandakanyeka engozini yesitimela ngo-October 17, 1888. engaphandle sezindela. Kuze kube manje, ngeshwa, akazange ngasinda.

Konke manje kwenza lokhu abode ungcwele kithi. Donskoy Monastery eMoscow - kezamagugu nendabuko yethu nezingokomoya ukuthi kufanele ivikeleke.

I yamathuna sezindela

Lesi sakhiwo ithatha ingxenye enkulu endaweni ephathelene nokuphatha izindela. Kuvele ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-17. NM Karamzin, encwadini yakhe ethi "Umlando we State Russian" libhekisela yokuthi emathuneni we Donskoy Monastery eMoscow ngesikhathi kwaba endaweni yokungcwaba abathengisi ahlukile elite nezicebi. Ezikhumbuzweni yamathuna ungahlangana emikhayeni enjalo enkulu eyaziwa ngokuthi Grushetsky, Vyazemskys, Golitsyns, Trubetskoy, et al Cherkasskys. Ucwaningo luthole zaso zokugcina indawo yokuphumula, abalobi abaningi abadumile, izimbongi, abezombusazwe, abasebenzelana ososayensi kanye abaklami. Phakathi kwabo, AP Sumarokov, P. Ya. Chaadaev, M. M. Heraskov, V. I. Maykov, V. O. Klyuchevsky, nabanye. Ngokusho amahlebezi, ku yamathuna bangcwatshwa izibalo eziningi owaziwa ukunyakaza White (P. N. Krasnov, KV Rodzaevsky G. M. Semenov njll). Lapha amathuna izihlobo A. S. Pushkina: uMalume Basil L., udade UZandile nomfowabo kaPawulu, ugogo kanye obabekazi. Phakathi nenkathi yokucindezelwa lapha ngamaloli kukhishwa izidumbu zalezo owayekade babulawa noma bahlukunyezwa baze ku Lubyanka. Lapha base sebefile. Kunobufakazi, hhayi kungase kutholakale imibhalo, ukuthi yamathuna ka Donskoy Monastery e Moscow, kuyinto endaweni yokungcwaba nomlotha M. N. Tuhachevskogo, V. K. Blyuhera, A. V Kosareva, M. N. Ryutina, Meyerhold nabanye abaningi. Kukhona futhi amathuna amasha. Ngakho, ngo-2000, sisuke zingcwatshwe nomlotha umbhali I. S. Shmeleva, ngo-2005 - sefilosofi I. A. Ilina futhi Jikelele A. I. Denikina. Ngo-2007, sathuthela lapha uhlala ka uLieutenant General iWhite ukunyakaza V O. Kappelya. Ngo-August 2008, lapho waphumula abadumile Russian zomphakathi sibalo nomlobi A. I. uSolzhenitsyn. Ukuze ngincome laba bantu ngokuvakashela amathuna abo, wonke umuntu can. Ikheli: Moscow, Donskoy Monastery. Kanjani ukuze ufike lapha, liye kuchaziwe ngenhla.

amasosha Memorial mhlophe

Itshe lesikhumbuzo lavulwa ngo-May 24, 2009. Lapha bangcwatshwe izishoshovu eziningi owaziwa iWhite Movement: Jikelele AI Denikin nomkakhe, Jikelele V O. Kappel sefilosofi I. A. ilin nomkakhe. ukudalwa lesikhumbuzo ukuthi iqalwa Russian uMongameli Putinu V., ngubani, ngibona esidabukisayo yokungcwaba ojenene White, ngaphambilini ukwenza itshe eliyinhloko entsha. Okulandelayo uVladimir Vladimirovich mathupha eyayengamele umsebenzi ku yisikhumbuzo kudivayisi, emisa imidwebo emisha amapuleti. Emasontweni amabili nje-ke wathatha izazi ngoba ukwakhiwa yayo. Isikhumbuzo kuyinto endaweni encane nge egwadle tombstones ezinhlanu. Ngosuku kokuvula wayethethelela ngayingcwelisa uMbhishobhi Omkhulu Kirill. UMongameli wanikeza inkulumo emcimbini kuvulwa ubunye Ukraine neRussia. Ngakho waba Donskoy Monastery waphinda ekuhlanganiseni isikhungo phakathi kwabantu ababili lobuzalwane eMoscow. Izithombe yisikhumbuzo uvezwa lapha.

Amathempelana Donskoy Monastery

E-Moscow, kukhona zezindela eziningi zasendulo, kusisondeza ne ubuhle bayo. Kungani kuwufanele ngokuvakashela lesi? Lapha ungakwazi ukubona izindawo ezilandelayo, nikhuleke kubo:

• Don isithonjana uNina kaNkulunkulu. Kuyinto gem angokomoya enani main yesigodlo. Ngokusho yetinsita wakhe Sergiy Radonezhsky wabusisa Prince Dmitry Donskoy ekulweni amaTatar. Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala ke luhlehlela emuva maphakathi nekhulu le-16. Isithombe manje igcinwe Tretyakov Igalari. Kodwa njalo ngonyaka ngo-September 1 ngeholide, ke silethwa Donskoy Monastery ukufeza inkonzo.

• I izinsalela ezingcwele uTikhon, agcinwe endaweni umdlavuza eyayibhalwe lapha Omkhulu Cathedral.

• Lady Wethu "uTheodore" nesithi "Omen". Ukuze ahloniphe kulezi zindawo ongcwele, amakholwa amaningi ufuna ukuvakashela Donskoy Monastery eMoscow. la imifanekiso abhekwa ngokuyisimangaliso.

• Uhlu Don isithombe Virgin. Lokhu incwadi evela Simon Ushakov e 1668, wasinda ngokuyisimangaliso phakathi komlilo ngo-1991. Ehlotshiswe umthunzi olukhethekile.

• Isithonjana KaMose St Nicholas. Elondolozwe ethuneni Levchenko.

• Yithuna umzalwane wabantu ababekhonza saint uTikhon, Yakova Polozova. Itholakala eduze ezindongeni Cathedral Amancane. Iqiniso lokuthi uJakobe yavula iminyango amaseli abahlaseli ababeze ukubulala u-Archbishop uTikhon. Ngenxa yalokho, uJakobe wabulawa.

sezindela amathempeli ezisebenza. Parish zidinga Donskoi wezindela eMoscow zenzeka njalo. Kukhona izinkambo waqondisa ihlelwe.

Don emathuneni "Endala"

Yavela 1591. Amathuna itholakala eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Moscow. endaweni yayo imayelana 13 amahektha. Lapha bangcwatshwa osopolitiki abadumile, ososayensi, abalobi, le Decembrists, abahlanganyeli empini ye 1812. Ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, ke wawugcwala. Ngakho-ke kwakudingekile ukuba kocingo endaweni enkulu odongeni aseningizimu Isigodlo, ukuze bandise imingcele yayo. Ngakho kwaba khona emathuneni, ethiwa "Entsha". It has yokungena lalo. Ngo odongeni esempumalanga emathuneni "ubudala", ungabona imifanekiso okusezingeni eliphezulu, okuyinto zisusiwe Cathedral kaKristu uMsindisi futhi basindiswe ekubhujisweni. Amathuna njengalabo lapha namuhla abangenaso. Zonke abafuna vakashela sezindela Dmitriya Donskogo eMoscow amangcwaba "ubudala" insimu yayo, kuyasiza ukwazi ukuthi ivulwa amahora 08,00 amahora angaba ngu-18,30 nsuku zonke.

Don emathuneni "Entsha"

Yasungulwa njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19. Ngaphambi inguquko Okthoba 1917, "Entsha" emathuneni we Donskoy Monastery kwaba endaweni yokungcwaba ikakhulu nongqondongqondo e Moscow, osolwazi ososayensi, nezikhulu. Ngo-1927 lapha kwathiwa ahlome wokuqala columbarium bofeleba netinhlavu kushiswa khona izidumbu. Ukuze ezisekhona ubufakazi obubhalwe ukuthi V I. Lenin ngo-1918 wayala ukuba ukuthenga imishini phesheya ukushisa izidumbu. Ngonyaka olandelayo, okukhulu kakhulu phakathi nempi yombango, uhulumeni wamanje umemezele umncintiswano iphrojekthi engcono kahhavini wokushisa izidumbu. Ngokushesha leli isikhungo lakhiwa lapha. Kuyaziwa ukuthi kuphela amasosha ayephethwe washonela esibhedlela ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili, waba sebefile engengaphansi kwengu-15 000. ka emathuneni ukujula imele eliqoshiwe ikhumbule zonke ahlushwe futhi abulawe kuleli kweminyaka yokucindezelwa. I izidumbu zabantu kusukela Lubyanka futhi Lefortovo alethwe lapha emakhulwini amaloli ashiswe. Okwamanje, bendabuko ngengcwaba lapha, ukumbelwa urns emhlabathini, e-columbarium nangaphandle.

Sibe sebelazi izakhiwo yezakhiwo ezakha Donskoy Monastery eMoscow. Map indawo yabo futhi wethule lapha.