Dialogue - yini lokhu? Dialogue: Inani, amafomu, izinhlobo nezibonelo

Umqondo "inkhulumomphendvulwano" simi siqinile ezimpilweni zethu. Thina kokukhuluma, singazi ngisho cabanga ngokunembile wonke umqondo walo kweqiniso.

Dialogue - kungcono ithuluzi eziyinkimbinkimbi

Meaning of igama elithi "inkulumo-mpendulwano" ngesiLatini - ingxoxo amabili. Kodwa lokhu, uma mina bangase basho kanjalo, incazelo elula yencazelo. Ngomqondo eliphakeme tetinkhulumomphendvulwano - kuyinto abaphikisa wedwa. Ezinsukwini ubudala, avame leli thuluzi lisetshenziswa izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi elukhuni kanje efana kumafilosofi, ekukhulumeni logic, sophistry. Umgomo bezingelwa inkhulumomphendvulwano - kungcono njengoba ecacile umbiko isilaleli umbono, ngesikhathi esifanayo kubhekwa kusukela amaphuzu amaningana umbono. Kubo bagcina uzobe noma kukhethwe kumagama eqondile kakhulu, noma ukubonisa jikelele ophethe isikhundla kumbhali. Lapha, ngokuvamile, it has a umuzwa inkhulumomphendvulwano. Iphumuti e inkhulumomphendvulwano kulula ukukhumbula: isifaniselo ngamunye uqala ku umugqa omusha, futhi ngaphambi kokuba ufake ikhonco.

yokuncishiswa amaningi

Kwaphela isikhathi eside, inkhulumomphendvulwano wahlala ukuphila kuphela ukuhumusha elula, okungukuthi, kwaba wengxoxo elula. A ukusetshenziswa lokuqala ke njengoba uhlobo, njengoba insimbi zefilosofi etemibhalo labetibambile zeminyaka eziningana ngaphambi kwesikhathi sethu esivamile. By endleleni, manje kugubha ukubuya inkhulumomphendvulwano sina kwezobuciko, ngemva kweminyaka eminingana lokulibala.

Eshiya ohlakaniphile

Ukuba namanje iningi impucuko European, thina, kusukela umbono yeYurophu, futhi sizobe ukukhuluma mayelana inkhulumomphendvulwano. Kodwa okungalungile ingasaphathwa ukuthi empumalanga ithuluzi futhi lo mqondo izincwadi kanye khona isikhathi eside. Futhi thina ukhuluma mayelana nencazelo yalesi okusezingeni eliphezulu uhlobo zokuxhumana. Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala yangempela ukusetshenziswa inkhulumomphendvulwano ngomqondo yefilosofi eMpumalanga Ephakathi-Asia basonta yesibili BC leminyaka. Ngezenzo leli thuluzi lisetshenziswa emaculweni we Rig Veda ne-Mahabharata. Ngokuvamile singasho ukuthi ukuqonda, ngomqondo eliphakeme, inkhulumomphendvulwano eMpumalanga naseNtshonalanga okufanayo.

uPlato umlandeli

Ukusetshenziswa lokuqala inkhulumomphendvulwano nefilosofi nezincwadi ngokuvamile isibaluli uPlato. Kuyaqondakala ukuthi lokhu sefilosofi esingumGreki systematized futhi wenza ifomu ezimele kwezincwadi leli thuluzi. Njengoba iphuzu reference ubhekwa ucwaningo lakhe ekuqaleni komsebenzi "Laches". Kodwa uPlato wayengeyena umsunguli, futhi umlandeli lokho Uyabhala, futhi eminye yemisebenzi yakhe. Cishe ingxenye engaphezu kweyikhulu ngaphambi kokuba ithuluzi esetshenziswa izimbongi Sicilia Sofron futhi Epicharmus ka Kos. Futhi ngobuciko ukuthi wenza ekugxiliseni uPlato no emisebenzini yakhe Ekuqaleni, wazama ukulingisa lokhu okuyinhloko.

uthisha ukhohlwe

Kuze kube manje, ngeshwa, umsebenzi lezi abalobi ababili awekho okwamanje, ngakho bayaqagela mayelana amandla abo, uma ngakho ehlaselwa uPlato. By endleleni, kukhona isizathu sokukholwa ukuthi kukhona eziningi izibalo, ngaphandle njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla, ukusebenzisa inkhulumomphendvulwano njengoba wamukelekile. Kodwa umlando, ngeshwa, akazishiyanga ngisho amagama abo.

umfundi eziyinkimbinkimbi

Ngo imisebenzi inkhulumomphendvulwano kaPlato - lena isici enamandla kakhulu kuyifilosofi nokulotshwa kwalo. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo umbhali lula umqondo uqobo. Iqiniso lokuthi emibhalweni yakhe wasebenzisa i-agumenti kuphela, ngenkathi uthisha wakhe, engekho ngaphansi thi okwakubaluleke ngokufanayo zilingise ngisho ingxenye. Ngesizathu esithile, isazi sefilosofi esingumGreki u lasendulo ngakho cishe abalahliwe, futhi abalandeli bakhe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi Kusho ayisekho ukuyisebenzisa. Okuningi noma okuncane baqonde ukuthi inkhulumomphendvulwano ekuqaleni futhi uyini definition ukubeka "abaqambi" yalo, sisengakwazi.

abalandeli bakaJesu bekhulu lokuqala

Ngemva kokufa kaPlato, uquqaba lwezingelosi abalandeli bakhe ukuba bangagcini ifilosofi kodwa futhi izincwadi. Omunye wabo kwakungu-Lucian of Samostaty. Imisebenzi yaleli umbhali ezimangaza emangalisayo sikhathi, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo sina tihloko. Oh onkulunkulu, ukufa, courtesans nothando, ifilosofi, ekugcineni, nje ngezwe, wabhala emisebenzini yakhe ukuthi imbongi engumGreki lasendulo owaphila nelesibili AD leminyaka. Futhi kwabanye ngendalo yakhe le ndoda kwakudingeka ikhokhele, kwaba kakhulu kwamuncwa- ayenjalo. Dialogue ubelokhu uhlobo oluthandayo "smart" izincwadi kuze kube ngekhulu XII.

ithuluzi ukhohlwe

Fashion into kushintshashintsha, uma sikhuluma "smart" izincwadi nefilosofi. Ababhali ezifana SaseBonaventure futhi foma Akvinsky wakhumula kusukela esisekelweni inkhulumomphendvulwano njengoba indlela yokubhala izincwadi, esikhundleni salo kube nokuthile amanani. ababhali abazimisele babhala ngesigamu yeminyaka kamuva Olahlwe ngokuyisisekelo wacabanga, ubufakazi futhi ukucabanga kuzo. Amanani ezibhekwa into ngaphansi cwaningo kuzo zonke amaphuzu kungenzeka umbono, kwathiwa ihlaziye, okuholela ngezinye izikhathi idatha encyclopedic. Inkinga iwukuthi Dynamics inkhulumiswano kalula ukuqonda lezi zidalwa yanyamalala. Kumiswa isamba sonke njengoba uhlobo main wefilosofi kakhulu ichaza "ubumnyama" Ephakathi. Ukuze uzwisise izinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi yokufa nokuphila, ukuthola ukuthi yini abacabanga mayelana zo enkulu, kwakudingekile ukuba esitolo omkhulu yolwazi, ukufinyelela okuyinto lwalulinganiselwe kule format. I zibe lula futhi zicace tetinkhulumomphendvulwano lalahleka.

ukubuya okunqobayo

I Renaissance futhi ezikhathini zanamuhla wabuya inkhulumomphendvulwano njengoba uhlobo endaweni yalo efanele. imisebenzi Kubonakala futhi ezibalulekile ziqala ukuvela ekupheleni XVII - ekuqaleni XVIII leminyaka. Isifiso sokuthola ulwazi kanye nesifiso ekucabangayo ebangeni kunawo wonke esingawathola zabantu waphinda wenze lokhu uhlobo ethandwa phakathi zefilosofi, izazi zemfundiso yenkolo, abalobi, musicologists ngisho uhlanganyele nabo. Tinkhulumiswano eyabhalwa izibalo ezifana Fontenell futhi Fenelon, umkhiqizo ofanayo, eqinisweni, emenza udumo entsha uhlobo. Ngemva fashion entsha isiNtaliyane, ababhali, nganquma ukuvele ngiye nakakhulu - bakha imisebenzi yabo ngomfanekiso azibhala kaPlato, ngezinye izikhathi yokukopisha ngokuphelele kubo Yiqiniso, engeza imicabango yakho siqu. mpendulwano yabo Italian eyabhalwa osaziwayo ezifana uGalileo, Tasso futhi Leopardi.

isikhathi okusha, ngamandla kanye nokuthuthukiswa lokulibala

Industrial Revolution, olwaqala ngesikhathi isiqongo esilandelayo udumo nenkhulumomphendvulwano, yamphonsa omunye kwalasha lokulibala. Life is ngakho yashesha ukuthi isikhathi eside ingxoxo bokusungula alusekho. "Khuluma ngokucacile futhi lihlaba esikhonkosini!" - yisiqubulo eyinhloko izinguquko kwezezimboni. Yiqiniso, nayo inkhulumomphendvulwano futhi priravnyalisk ingxoxo evamile. Era okusha isungule okusobala phakathi ngamazwi nangezenzo. Yilokho nje ingxenye ngemibono wayekhona imisebenzi uPlato yanyamalala unomphela. Tinkhulumiswano babé kungekho indlela ukuchaza into, futhi ukukuqonda, futhi esenzweni, wokuxhumana.

Rapid zenzeka ekhulwini lamashumi amabili

Nge ekupheleni kwesikhathi sekuvele okusha yakamuva. Cishe lena yiyona esatshwe kakhulu, okusheshayo futhi olunegazi isikhathi emlandweni wesintu. Isikhathi sokuzindla cishe gone, empini wakhala omunye komunye, kanye lapho kugumbuqelwa umbuso. Preconditions ukubuya inkhulumomphendvulwano njengoba uhlobo sina kumane lingekho. Asinakusho ukuthi wayenephutha lokulibala ngokuphelele, iye yasetshenziswa, kodwa abambalwa kuphela.

"Buyisela" kaPlato no Socrates

abalobi ezingavamile ukusebenzisa nenkhulumomphendvulwano, ukucindezelwa kwakuvame ukusetshenziswa njengezaba interlocutors yalezi zefilosofi. Kwenzeka kaningi ngokwanele. Ngenxa yalokho, ngisho akha zenyathi entsha kule divayisi tetemibhalo, igama "inkhulumomphendvulwano kaPlato."

Russia nase nomqondo

Kwenzeka isimanga ukuthi ukhuluma ngani inkhulumomphendvulwano njengendlela mqondo futhi uhlobo, asikwazi Russia ukhathazekile. Iqiniso liwukuthi ezweni lethu leli thuluzi, eqinisweni, ukuthandwa akukaze walahlekelwa. Sekube abalobi ukubhala kule uhlobo njalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyinto sefilosofi yasekhaya, umhlaziyi etemibhalo umhlaziyi wezamasiko European nezobuciko Mikhail Bakhtin ekugcineni sikwazi ukunikeza incazelo ephelele welithi "inkhulumomphendvulwano". Izibonelo ucwaningo Wafica imisebenzi Dostoevsky. Ngenxa yalokho, Mikhail wenza eziphethweni eziqinisekile. Ikakhulukazi, Bakhtin kuchazwa izinhlobo inkhulumomphendvulwano. Vele bobabili. Uhlobo lokuqala - kuyinto olunzulu. Kulokhu, ithuluzi kubhekwa njengendlela uhlobo ngokoqobo abantu emhlabeni, udinga ukuqedela kumiswa umuntu. Eyesibili uhlobo - inkhulumomphendvulwano oqondile. Kulokhu, ibhekisela umcimbi - zokuxhumana womuntu.

yesimanjemanje

Ekupheleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, inkhulumomphendvulwano iba okuyiyona yezimpilo zethu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isintu phakathi we "iMpi Yomshoshaphansi", sesatshiswa ekubhujisweni, zingayeka ukucabanga ngekusasa labo. Lokhu kwakuwumnikelo ka-Umfutho ukubuya uhlobo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, namuhla inkhulumomphendvulwano - akuyona nje ithuluzi zefilosofi, ababhali nososayensi, kuba somphakathi. Pedagogy ungeke ucabange bona ngaphandle uthisha kanye umfundi inkulumo, ezombusazwe futhi ngaphandle le indlela yokuxhumana ngeke akwenze ngaphandle. Sicela uqaphele, eziningi nezinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe eklanyelwe ukuxazulula izinkinga lwesintu kukhona esihlokweni izwi. Ngokwesibonelo, "yomphakathi inkhulumomphendvulwano". Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekugcineni babone ubuhle kanye bezikhali izinkandi inqubo ukwabelana umbono wabo siqu esiyingqayizivele zomhlaba, abantu baqala ukuhlukanisa ezithile mpendulwano: alinganayo, ukwakhiwa, ingxoxo nokushuba kwesimo. Futhi ngamunye wabo, abantu babevame esiphezulu, ukuze sifike endaweni ethile kuvunyelwane ezihlukahlukene ezindabeni noma wazise wonke mayelana iphuzu yabo umbono.

Tinkhulumiswano - The Road Ahead

Namuhla, ngokumelene izifiso ezinye zokuxhumana emuva ezingeni monologues, "eyokuhlanganyela abantu ababili 'ethuthuka ngokwengeziwe futhi eqhubeka. Isintu ekugcineni ngaqaphela wonke amandla kanye amathuba inkhulumomphendvulwano ngomqondo eliphakeme osezwile izifundo yomlando, okuyinto usikhombisa ukuthi kubalulekile ukuza ubushiqela we ivoti elilodwa, njengoba iza "isikhathi amnyama". Sethemba, inkhulumomphendvulwano, lapho bonke zemibono izwakale, futhi sizoqhubeka ukuthuthukisa eyengeziwe, kuphela lokhu iyokuholela esintwini eya ekuchumeni.