Daniil Kharms: Biography, umsebenzi

1928. Leningrad Indlu Phrinta ukuyaluza inkulumo impikiswano abalobi abasha ngokuthi bayizithunywa OBERIU. Zazithandaza izinkondlo umbhedo ebhaliwe, ukubeka absurdist "Elizabeth BAM", futhi phezulu it emhlabeni wonke lwabonisa ukuthi ifilimu obandayo ngesihloko ethembisa "Inyama grinder". Chief phakathi oberiutov kwaba Daniil Kharms, ogama biography kwaba isihloko lesi sihloko.

eminyakeni yokuqala

Imbongi esizayo wazalwa ngo-December 30, 1905. Propensity ukuze umsebenzi wokubhala kwadluliselwa zofuzo uDaniyeli, uyise wayo wawuyizimvu ukuxhumana ne laseChekhov futhi UTolstoy, wayengaziwa nje kuphela emisebenzini wamavukelambuso, kodwa futhi amasampuli peni akhe mame was yizicukuthwane ngokuzalwa, futhi wayephethe yokukhosela. Biography emfushane Daniila Harmsa kuhlanganisa Ukukhuluma ingxenye yemfundo yakhe enhle kakhulu esikoleni-German we nelungelo. Ngemva Revolution yena sasitholakala kuyi-Leningrad elektrotehnikum, lapho sase sachithwa ngenkulumo ethi "Ukuba khona abampofu" wokungenzi lutho ngo-imisebenzi yomphakathi. "

Umsuka umsebenzi yetemibhalo

Lapho Harms Daniil Ivanovich, ogama biography kwaba isihloko izifundo eziningi, futhi yashintsha igama lakhe Yuvachev ekugcineni bakholwa ithalente lakhe njengoba umbhali? Ukusetshenziswa lokuqala alias kwenzeka ekuqaleni the 1920. Impendulo amagama "Harms" (futhi ezahlukeneyo zalo eziningi, phakathi kwawo - Hharms, Haarms futhi ndawo kuwo Karl Ivanovich) wazama ukuthola zezigodi eziningi. I ozwakalayo kakhulu futhi kufanele aqaphele esifanisweni esisenze ne IsiNgisi nesiFulentshi. Uma umonakalo lokuqala - iyona "umonakalo" egameni elithi wesibili kusho like ikhubalo, ukukhanga.

Cishe ngaso leso Harms wabhala izinkondlo zakhe kuqala. Yisiqondiso, ukhetha hlebnikova, noma kunalokho yayo eduze Admirer A. Tufanov. Ngenxa yalokho, lo "Order of zaumnik" ubuyise imbongi ezifana abanamakhono njengoba Daniil Kharms. Umlando wakhe futhi ubonisa ukuthi ngo-1926 yena wajoyina i-All-Russian Union of Izimbongi, lapho waxoshwa ngenxa yokungakhokhi eminikelo.

Oberiu

Ingxenye yokuqala 20s kufanele Kharms futhi Vvedensky ujwayele Druskin, ngubani umsunguli kwesiyingi "Chinar". Ngemva kwalokho, lapho kuthanda, noDaniyeli, abanquma ukuhlanganisa bonke abalobi "leftist" ngaphansi kwegama elilodwa, neqembu elilodwa - Oberiu. Imele lokhu eziyinkimbinkimbi njengenhlangano isifinyezo "Association of Art Real". Kuyini ezithakazelisayo, eqenjini Manifesto, eyanyatheliswa ngo-1928, isikole "zaum" oberiuty ngazimemezela nobutha kakhulu kuye. Harms sazilahla ukubhujiswa amazwi, umdlalo evamile umbhedo. Injongo leli qembu bemvelo global futhi kulindeleke ukuba izwe. Oberiuty wafuna ukusula nto "husks tetemibhalo", ukwenza kube bezibona ngokoqobo. Lokhu kusebenza kokubili ngokucacile avant-garde ucwaningo yayo (tinkondlo "Ububi iqoqo infidels", "ngacula ..."), futhi isebenza ngokugqoka uhlamvu ezihlekisayo.

Lichaza Harms futhi lomkhuba kungazwakali e emincanyana temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba like "Blue inombolo-Notebook 10", "Sonnet", "ukuwa Old Abesifazane." Ngokusho kwakhe, lo logic yobuciko kufanele lihluke kwansuku zonke. Njengoba isibonelo Harms ikhombe kunjalo uma ungumculi, okuphambene nemithetho ukwakheka komzimba womuntu, abanye blade ezisontekile umlingiswa oyinhloko, Nokho, okuyinto, akusivimbi, ababuki, abathanda ubuhle bemvelo okuvezwayo. Daniel futhi wadala imisebenzi amadlingozi (isib eshiwo ngenhla, "U-Elizabeth le Bam"), okuyinto kufanelekile kalula in umongo nezinye ucwaningo oberiutov.

Isebenza izingane

eminye kanjani biography Daniila Harmsa? Ezinganeni, waqala ukubhala kokuphela 20s, ubambisene eziningi nomagazini. Ngasebenza lapho namanye amalungu Oberiu, kodwa ngokungafani kubo, lilimaza sengqondo wemfanelo nomsebenzi wabo samanje, isibe intando isiphetho umthombo wakhe kuphela imali. I izinkondlo journal eshicilelwa, indida imbongi, wakhipha umqulu nenani lezincwadi ( "The lokuqala nelesibili", "Game" nokunye. D.). Ezinye zazo bavinjelwa noma cha Kunconywa imitapo yomphakathi, kanti abanye abangu owayethandwa kakhulu phakathi abafundi abasha.

Harms ngo-1930

Le nkathi Kwakunzima ngokukhethekile abalobi ongathandanga ukubeka ithalente lakhe phezu elihambayo. Phakathi kwabo kunoDaniyeli Harms. Biography (okukhuluma, kunalokho) wesikhathi ezithwetshulwe emigqeni edabukisayo le nkondlo "Ekuhambeleni ekhaya komlobi ...". Poet simangele futhi intukuthelo uthola ukuthi abangane bakhe bemfulathela ngubani esivuna umbhali. Harms ukuboshwa lokuqala lwenzeka ngoDisemba 1931. Ngokusemthethweni, isigwebo eziphathelene imisebenzi imbongi emkhakheni kwezincwadi zezingane, nakuba isizathu sangempela kokuboshwa kwakhe wayehlobene Oberiu. Ngokusobala, uhulumeni wamaSoviet wawungakwazi ukuthikameza amthethelele ethusayo, Antics kancane ihlazo agcwele art avant-garde - waqonda ukuthi Daniil Kharms. Biography imbongi kule-yalolucwaningo 30 ezahlukene crisis ngemibono kanye impahla nokuswela eziphikelelayo. Nokho, ukubhekana nazo lwamsiza ukuba nomfazi wakhe wesibili - Marina Malich, eyasala nembongi kuze kube sekupheleni kokuphila kwakhe.

ukufa

waqala Impi. Harms wahlangana defeatism wakhe futhi zokungazimiseli iqhaza kuwo, okuyiwona eboshwa okwesibili. Yokugwema ukubulawa, Harms lobuzenzisi ukungaphili engqondweni. Yena wafakwa esibhedlela sabagula ngengqondo, lapho ashonela ngesikhathi izenzakalo abesabekayo nokuvinjezelwa kweLeningrad. Nobe kunjalo, waphetsa yakhe umsebenzi Daniil Kharms, biography kanye namagugu kwezobuciko okuyinto manje of isithakazelo esikhulu.