Cathedral St Basil sika, Sevastopol: incazelo, umlando, amaqiniso athakazelisayo

Sevastopol abaningi abacabanga kuphela indawo ehlobo. Kodwa akunjalo. On insimu yalo kukhona izindawo zokuhlala eziningi kuwufanele uhambo ezibonayo. Lapha kuyagcinwa amanxiwa eChersonese lasendulo - edolobheni, imbeleko Lobu-Orthodox. Ngakho-ke, amakholwa amaningi namuhla ukwenza uhambo oluya endaweni engcwele lapha, ukuze bakwazi ukuvakashela amathempeli, izigodlo zezindela, nezinye izindawo zokukhulekela eziningi zenkolo, kuhlanganise nezinguqulo St Basil sika Cathedral (Sevastopol).

indaba

ukwakhiwa kwalo uqalwe ngasekupheleni kwekhulu nesishiyagalolunye. Cathedral St Basil kwakwakhiwe e Sevastopol phezu okusalungiswa V Feldman. Wayekhipha yona le wezakhiwo ophethe wonke umsebenzi. Laqala ukwakhiwa ngo-1892 futhi laqedwa ngo-1905. It kwenziwa kuphela ngezithukuthuku abashisekeli futhi engenayo esuka ayeke ukuza esontweni. Ubude esichithwa ukwakhiwa elikhulu elinamanci mathathu emine nengxenye ruble ayizigidi. Umbhali njengoba kumila isampula esetshenziswa amasonto Russian netshe lokukhubekisa ngekhulu leshumi nesithupha.

Ngo-1905 yena waba busisa Cathedral St Basil sika. Sevastopol amumethe amasonto, kodwa kuleli hlelo ezakhiwe bendawo baye njalo wayenesimo sengqondo ekhethekile. Chin wenza Bishop Nikolay Tavrichesky futhi Simferopol, kodwa esizwa wesigodlo ka wezindela Preosvyaschennyy Innokenty of Kherson.

isonto Upper lanikezelwa ngo wokudumisa iNcasakazi oNgcwele, phansi - e osanta Ukholo, Ithemba, Uthando nomama wazo UZandile. Ngo-October 1905, ngokusho esinqumweni ka esiGungwini Esingcwele, esisogwini Cathedral Bolshaya Morskaya St Basil sika (Sevastopol futhi namuhla uyaziqhenya ngokuba isikhumbuzo bokwakha) sasibhekwa njengophawu lokuthi ezisemadolobheni.

emva kwempi

Ekupheleni Februwari 1919 kwakukhona yokwahlukaniselwa izimisele ka Archimandrite uBhenjamini umbhishobhi Sevastopol. Leli thempeli yavalwa ngo amaBolshevik. Kodwa phakathi neminyaka umsebenzi Sevastopol yayo ivulekile. Phakathi ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe isakhiwo lombhishobhi yashaywa ngebhomu futhi zonakala. Khona-ke bawa igobolondo owabulala abakhulekeli eziningana futhi eyabhujiswa ngokuphelele ezimbili yesonto wayo oseningizimu.

Ngo yokudumisa umbusi, indlalifa insindiso

Intercession Isonto futhi kwakungekaNkulunkulu Chapel of St Nicholas. Laliqhele on esigcawini, okuyinto namuhla iqanjwe Admiral Lazarev. Yakhiwa kuphela iminikelo yangasese. Ngokwemibiko ethile, izimali Chapel ivela Sevastopol yomthengisi Feola ngonyaka ngemuva kokuqala ukwakhiwa ekukhulunyelweni Church - e 1893.

Kwakuyisikhathi ethempelini uhlelo esiphambanweni yayinophahla hipped, isipikili domes. Nesimo sesakhiwo esikhulu isakhiwo, ezifana stucco friezes, ongaphambili omise corbel yayinamakhothamo kanye amafasitela arched, kwakufana eyodwa lapho St Basil sika Cathedral (Sevastopol) lamiswao. kwaba umbhalo Chapel ukuthi yayakhiwe "ukuze kusindiswe uMbusi indlalifa ..." Ngeshwa, ngo-1927 i-sakhiwo sabhidlizwa.

Ukubuyiselwa esontweni

Ngo-1947, uJohn Krashanovsky waqokwa li at Cathedral St Basil sika. Sevastopol baba lakubo. Yilokhu ongokomoya yokubuyiselwa esontweni engenhla uqalwe - Izindlwana wayo oseningizimu, zonakala phakathi nempi. Ngemizamo Abbot John ke saze saphiliswa ngo-1948 futhi ngayingcwelisa Cathedral St Basil ngokuphelele. Sevastopol kuleyo minyaka uye washintsha eziningi. Kodwa kuze kube yilapho 1962 isevisi esontweni Kwakuseshwa njalo, kodwa ke isinqumo of iziphathimandla zedolobha e sakhiwo kwaku ejimini, nangemva - ezinqolobaneni edolobheni.

wayeneminyaka engamashumi amathathu kamuva - ngo-1992 - Chapel enyakatho kwaphinde idluliselwe emphakathini lamakholwa Sevastopol. ngosuku lwesishiyagalombili Apreli kwathiwa abazinikele e egameni St Panteleimon. Futhi ngemva kweminyaka emibili wayiswa ethembekileyo sonke isakhiwo.

incazelo

izakhiwo Cathedral ihlangabezana yokukhulekelwa kukankulunkulukazi iSonto Lobu-Orthodox. Isakhiwo kuthathwe kanye sokukhulekela uhlobo limelela besstolpny pyatikupolny ethempelini. Ngokuhamba main Dome ahlelwe Lancet lwaleli yayo, sizungezwe nambili iphuzu yayinemibhoshongo ngemuva nangaphambili ezine.

Engxenyeni esentshonalanga kukhona umbhoshongo insimbi lombhishobhi kungukuthi ahlukaniswe. It ixhuma ethempelini ukuqhubeka emaphakathi ivolumu side perpendicular emgwaqweni. Isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi kanye yayinemibhoshongo ngemuva nangaphambili ayo etendeni isigubungelo ezihlalweni zobukhosi bethwele nemiqhele eziyizigaxa poppy-amakhanda. Kusukela nasenyakatho, naseningizimu, kukhona Izindlwana ezimbili, futhi eningizimu engakaze ezigcinwe ifomu yayo yasekuqaleni. Ukuze ngasentshonalanga endlini adjoins le Refectory, emaqaqasini lapho kukhona ezimbili zezitokisi ezingu-zezinsika ezitebhisini okuholela ekhwayeni.

ngaphandle

Ukwambulwa kweza kompheme kokuba avaliwe igalari uhlobo, nge izinyathelo itshe. St Basil sika Cathedral (Sevastopol, yocingo: 692 54-54-84) ehlotshiswe imigqa eziningana ongaphambili omise corbel yayinamakhothamo, nge cornices yayo ukugcizelela stucco friezes. Isakhiwo sakhiwa ka krymbalskogo abaziwe nohlu izinhlobo Inkerman itshe. Roof phezu domes eyenziwe lashukumisa tile Boxed, lonke - ensimbi lashukumisa. Ukuphakama isakhiwo - mayelana amathathu nesikhombisa amamitha, umbhoshongo insimbi amamitha ayishumi ngezansi.

amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

Cathedral St Basil sika (Sevastopol), uhlelo amasevisi ukuthi kungafundwa ngocingo noma ngqo esontweni (isevisi nsuku zonke ukuqala at 7:30 am - Matins, at 18:00 - Vespers), has ezimbili phakathi ethempelini. Upper - nokuVikelwa Blessed Virgin Mary - ngasinda. Ezansi itholakala egumbini, kwaba isonto UZandile. Lapho, kusho amaphepha lokusinda, babe amathuna, kodwa indawo yabo eqondile akwaziwa namuhla.

Esiphambanweni, Cathedral ikhombisa engavamile izakhiwo Orthodox crescent. Abacwaningi, izazi-mlando nezingqapheli abaklami kube yilolu suku ayikwazi ukuba afinyelele isiphetho esifanayo, ngandlela-thile chaza inshokutsi yetinhlobo lezizibonakaliso.

Emlandweni kulo ibandla labaseTheselonika nokuVikelwa uNina kaNkulunkulu, oye izenzakalo eziningi imidlalo ebanga usizi, kukhona amaqiniso ambalwa ezithakazelisayo. Ngokwesibonelo, ku-olungaphambili lwesonto entshonalanga Nogange kukhona ithuna ziphawulwe isitofu engu- kusukela diorite YaseCrimea. Umbhalo kuso uthi lapha oba Dem'yanovich Archpriest Alexander, oshone ngo-August 18, 1988, ngenkathi isakhiwo ngokwaso Yakhiwa kamuva - ku 1892, futhi laqedwa ngo-1905.

Ngo-May 1917goda alethwe thempeli okwesikhashana wangcwatshwa izinsalela uLieutenant P. Schmidt, futhi kanye naye nezinye Abavukeli abadutshulwa ku esiqhingini Berezan. Bakhandwa phezu umkhumbi "Inkosazana uMariya". Bekanye izinsalela P. Schmidt ku vaults yesonto aphansi zafakwa le amabhokisi ka S. privateers, N. Antonenko kanye AI Gladkov. Nokho, ngo-November 1923, isinqumo somkhandlu wedolobha base ngokwesiko zingcwatshwe emathuneni of Communards.

Esikhathini yezinto eningizimu Eighties kwekhulu elidlule ngaphansi ungqimba obukhulu usimende restorers wathola insalela kahle walondoloza odongeni imidwebo.

Ngo-1993, kwaba khona umlilo onamandla ukuze ngenxa oplavilsya ngisho sebefaka ukhonkolo esakhiweni sethempeli. Nokho, ngokuvumelana nentando kaNkulunkulu, noma inhlanhla, sasiphakathi we iconostasis umlilo wahlupheka neze futhi wasinda kuze kube namuhla. Okwamanje, akakholelwa uSeraphim umkhawulo umhlobiso.

Namuhla, cishe zonke izakhamuzi uyazi lapho Pokrovsky Cathedral. Sevastopol, esimisweni namasevisi uyazi nelinye ikholwa zendawo, minyaka yonke uthola ama-pilgrim ibutho abafuna ukubona leli thempeli, esisogwini Bolshaya Morskaya - kwesinye isitaladi enhle kakhulu maphakathi komuzi. Futhi namhlanje lokhu sezindela umnyango Christian ivuliwe njalo.