Breed ubisi imbuzi: incazelo, izithombe. zizalela izimbuzi

Imbuzi - linesizotha, ahlanzekile, elula kakhulu futhi kunenzuzo isilwane yasendlini. Yiqiniso, kudingeka izimo yeziboshwa, ukunakekelwa, ngisho ukusebenza ezinye kwaneliswa nezifiso, okuyiwona yena uzokhokha kayikhulu nomnikazi. Ukwelapha ubisi, inyama emnandi - yilokho izimbuzi yobisi. Ngokuzalanisa kubo - ke kuwumsebenzi onzima, kodwa elula, ngokushesha okhokhela uqobo. ukondla izindleko, Itafula kudivayisi lincane kakhulu inkomo. Ziyakwazi kulula anakekele, isikhathi esiningi liyadingeka. Bagcine ukuziphatha lezimbuzi ezithakazelisayo. Izingane ziyakuthanda ukudlala izingane imbuzi - kungcono ngempela isekisi ekhaya.

Imbuzi okuphakelayo bese qeda

ubisi bembuzi - yokudla okunempilo kanye wokwehlisa umzimba, Analogue of webele womuntu. It kuqhathaniswa ne sezinkomo ngaphezulu amaprotheni, i-calcium ne phosphorus - "zokwakha" skeleton namazinyo, kuba khuluphele futhi okubaluleke - allergenic. Ngakho-ke, akukho umkhiqizo ungcono ubisi imbuzi, ibhodlela-to-izingane, abantu abanemizimba engezwani niqonda inkomazi. Ezinsukwini ubudala, lapho kwakungekho amamiksi lapho Sokuzivikela manje ukusuthisa izinsana, izingane ukusuthiswa ubisi bembuzi. Futhi yakwamukela wamchaza amadala, unezinkinga eziswini ukudla. Animaloterapiya (ephulukisa ngosizo izilwane) Kunconywa ukuqala ukuhlupheka imbuzi umfutho ophezulu wegazi, Graves noma cholelithiasis. Ubisi ingxoxo isilwane elaphe lezi zinkinga.

kude Ukuze uthole isibonelo iwusizo nezimbuzi hamba akudingekile. Khumbula Robinson. Nge izimbuzi lapho yondliwa embethe zigqokiswe, ukukhuluma nabo lakhanya iminyaka eminingi yesizungu kwelinye izwe. ubisi imbuzi ngokwesiko ngokuthi "inkomazi abampofu". Kodwa eminyakeni yamuva, ubisi bembuzi bubaluleke izinkomo okwengeziwe, ngaphezu kwalokho, akuvamile ukudayisa.

izizwe eziningi

Izimbuzi - omunye izilwane kuqala nge kweminyaka eminingi yenkonzo ukuba indoda - iminyaka 9000. Ngokusho isiqondiso elikhiqizayo, bona zihlukaniswe amaqembu 5: Sherstnev, uphaphe, inyama, yobisi okuxubile (uvolo, izimpaphe, inyama nobisi). Kuwo wonke amazwekazi, kukhona abamele izinjongo esizweni melkorogatogo ezahlukene. ENingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, ikakhulukazi ukukhulisa izimpongo inyama, frolic phansi Altai Mountains. EYurophu lehla ngokushesha inani ikakhulukazi ezifuywa zohlobo izimbuzi ubisi. Ziqukethe hhayi kuphela labantu ubisi womshini imikhiqizo kuwo. Kunezindlela eziningi imbuzi zizalela amapulazi letiphakela izinto zokusetshenziswa nebhizinisi umkhakha ukudla, Enterprise. Ukuze uthole ezinye okukhethekile kuyinto zizalela izimbuzi ukudayiswa. uqhubeke ukuzalela ucwaningo yokuthuthukisa izinga ubisi umthethosisekelo kwezilwane yini ukukhiqiza izinhlobo ezintsha.

Cabanga zohlobo yobisi imbuzi - ukuyedlula futhi kwaguqulwa kangcono ebusika obubandayo kuka izimbuzi Afrika Nubian ukuba. It - Saanen, toggenburgskie, ohlanzekile (Swiss, isiFulentshi, British) kanye Gorky Megrelian yobisi izimbuzi. Photography omele lokudluliselwa izici ngamunye ephelezelwa Ingaphandle kahle isici.

izimbuzi Saanen

Common kanye esivelele kunazo zonke yobisi imbuzi izinhlobo - Saanen. Lapho kwazalelwa zabo - Zaanental esigodini eSwitzerland. Ngokuzalanisa-zohlobo in sezintaba alpine izimfunda ne sezulu emangalisayo emakhulwini ambalwa eminyaka. Okokuqala embukisweni eParis 1856 ngaphansi kwegama Saanen imbuzi hornless emhlophe. Kancane kancane, la maponi sandile eYurophu, lapho zithunyelwa ngcono ubisi lezimbuzi wendawo.

Umhlaba nezimbuzi enkulu: yokuzalanisa lesizalo height buyabuna 75-80 cm (ngezinye izikhathi 85), a isisindo bukhoma kg 60 (90 kg abanye abantu); izimbuzi-proizoditeli height buyabuna 82-86 cm nesisindo 70 kg (kg ezinye 100). Izinsana imbuzi okuyisilinganiso sabangu-3 kg, izimbuzi - ezingaphezu kuka-4 kg. Kweyesi-2 izinyanga isisindo sabo kuze kufinyelele 10 kg izimbuzi 12 kg ezimbuzini. Munye imbuzi 30 kg, izimbuzi 35-40.

Yangaphandle Zaanen izimbuzi

Ukubukeka - isampula yobisi izimbuzi. UMthethosisekelo esindayo noma obucayi skeleton aminyene (skeleton) nge imisipha ngokulinganisela athuthukile. Isikhumba sisetshenziselwa eqinile futhi mncane, embozwe Lint-awn undercoat. Inhloko naphakathi ezomile, hornless, izindlebe "uphondo" iqondiswe phambili futhi kancane eceleni. Intamo lide flat ngezinye izikhathi "namacici." Torso ezijulile, eside, ebanzi ngokwanele. Imilenze banamandla, kahle ibekwe. Izinselo ukukhanyisa ophuzi. Umbala omhlophe. Ngezinye indlebe isikhumba umbele ngezinye izikhathi ezimnyama lesikhumba e nezimagqabhagqabha. A supply ezinhle umbele sharo- noma ipheya emise anezingoni athuthukiswe kahle.

Lactation kufikela kuzinsuku ezingu-330 ngonyaka. izimbuzi Oyinyumba kuthiwa milked ngokuqhubekayo iminyaka eminingi. Isivuno 600 noma ngaphezulu amalitha ngamunye lactation ubisi fat okuqukethwe okungenani 4%. Irekhodi 3507 l ingakamiswa wanqoba. izimbuzi yobisi kufanele igcinwe kude imbuzi umenzi, kungenjalo ubisi kuyoba ukunambitheka kabi iphunga.

izimbuzi Saanen beba semathubeni, precocity okukhuthazela. Ngo ukungabikho eduze ezifuywa enamathela imbewu izici adluliselwe ngokugcwele.

Toggenburg lembuzi elivela

Ngekhulu le-18 yi-Swiss Ukukhetha kazwelonke wadala toggenburgskaya ukuzalela izimbuzi. Ukuze 3 ekhulwini elandelanayo ngenxa cross-zizalela zalolu hlobo nge izinhlobo zendawo emazweni ahlukene Czech ezifuywa ensundu, uyisicukuthwane toggenburgskaya British togennburgskaya izimbuzi. I-Russian iyunithi togennburgskie izimbuzi efika okokuqala ekuqaleni kwekhulu elidlule.

idwala yangaphandle imele suit brown kodwa kukhona izilwane nezimanakanaka. Toggenburgskie izimbuzi liyabonakala by izimpawu sobala - amamaki emhlophe: 2 emapheshana ahlelwe parallel on the nomlomo, izindlebe umphetho kanye emaphethelweni engxenyeni engezansi umsila nasemilenzeni kusuka inselo kuya Hock elimhlophe kakhulu. UMthethosisekelo eqinile futhi omile, ngaphezu avumelanayo isiqu ukuze ukuphakama ngesikhathi buyabuna 0.6 m. Inhloko eside nentamo ende. Iphrofayela Straight kancane flat. Toggenburgskie imbuzi hornless, izimbuzi ngezimpondo, kodwa kukhona hornless. spin Direct izimbambo convex. Nemilenze eqinile ubude ngokulinganisela, kumiswe kahle, izinselo esitebeleni eqinile. A sacrum, a umbele ezinkulu. Elingenamikhono kuyinto abushelelezi, emuva namathanga ekhula kuya ku-20 cm. Abakhiqizi isisindo 70 kg kufanele izindlovukazi kuze kufinyelele 55 kg.

Toggenburgskaya zohlobo kwande lezimbuzi (in the udoti izingane ngokuvamile 2-3), kulula ukuba acclimate kuya ebusika futhi entabeni izimo, uncamela obupholile futhi umthunzi ehlobo, kodwa lifuna ukondla izabelo, lapho kuncike ukunambitheka ubisi.

Lactation kufikela kuzinsuku ezingu-300 ngonyaka. Zisengwa ngowokuqala Kozlenev 500 l, nge okwalandela ubisi isivuno kuzalwa amazinyane sikhule 1000 amalitha emqulwini ngaphandle ukunciphisa ebusika. ubisi fat 3-4%. Ushizi we ukunambitheka omuhle.

Alpine imbuzi zohlobo

Ngokuzalanisa izilwane zalolu hlobo waqala ezindaweni sezintaba Switzerland yi breeding- kazwelonke. Khona-ke ukukhethwa kwaqhubeka eFrance naseNgilandi. Akhishiwe Okhahlamba Alpine izimbuzi Ashada amatshe best zendawo.

"Alpine" izici Jikelele

Izilwane ezifuywayo usayizi esikhulu: engu-4 iminyaka, imbuzi ngesikhathi buyabuna ukuphakama 76 cm isisindo 61 kg, imbuzi - 81 cm 77 kg. Intamo lide, ikhanda ezomile ngezindlebe uqonde, iphrofayli ngqo. Kukhona hornless futhi enezimpondo. Ubisi umkhiqizo nenzalo kuphezulu - kusuka amalitha 1200 kuya 1600 ubisi ngonyaka nge ukuzondla kahle futhi izimo ezikahle, izimbuzi eziningana kwelinye kuzalwa amazinyane. ubisi okumnandi, amafutha (5.5%) bese izakhi (3% amaprotheni).

izimbuzi Alpine kukhona linesizotha ekudleni, yokuvumelana izimo ezintsha zezulu ngokushesha, emhlambini avame ukuba abaholi (udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi alimelene abanye kusukela esebenza ngogesi), kuvisisa, kumnikazi nothandekayo kuye, friendly. Alpine yobisi imbuzi izinhlobo ezibalulekile endaweni enezintaba - abayikho ngomusa futhi emincanyana, real "abaqwali" futhi ngeke ukuzenzela ukudla lapho, lapho ungazi ukukhuphuka inkomo, futhi kusihlwa kuzoletha ubisi kumnikazi. Yiqiniso, umkhiqizo ubisi kuyoba ezincane, kodwa okuhle, basebenza kusukela ezimileni ezisetshenziselwa ukwelapha. Lezi izimbuzi Site stabling.

umbala distinctiveness

The Swiss bekwi ukutshalwa izimbuzi alpine ihlaya ukuthi ngaso sonke isikhathi bathola Kozlenev "isipho ezimibalabala" - kwabazelwe izimbuzi anemibala. imibala Classic kukhona "entanyeni elimhlophe" - inhloko kanye nomzimba ukuba phakathi ezimhlophe, kanti bonke abanye - grey noma amnyama, noma "entanyeni abomvu" - ikhanda nsundu, intamo, amahlombe futhi ngemuva umbala omnyama. Kukhona variegated (namabala amhlophe on isizinda black kanye noHezekeli), brown namabala amnyama, ensundu umugqa omnyama ngebala bulala imilenze abamnyama. Kukhona ngisho izimbuzi - kusukela ekhanda kuya phakathi black isiqu, bese-ke umsila belye.Chisto elingenamikhono omhlophe nonsundu Alpine zohlobo izimbuzi awacatshangwa - lokhu umbala sici Zaanen futhi toggenburgskoy amatshe.

Alpine zinhlobo zohlobo

ubisi Alpine imbuzi isiFulentshi, isithombe lapho omele umfundi, ukuboniswa emithambekeni French Alps kusuka phezulu izinhlobo zendawo wawela kanye Okhahlamba izimbuzi purebred. Ithethwe kwizimo ezintabeni. Suit ezahlukene - omhlophe, nezimagqabhagqabha, ngaphansi umbala negogo. Kukhona izimpondo futhi ngaphandle kwazo. I ukukhiqiza isilinganiso amalitha afinyelela ku-900 we ngokuzala amankonyane ukuze ngokuzala amankonyane. EFrance, abanye amapulazi ukugcina imfuyo e 1000 izimbuzi. umsebenzi Breeding wenziwa ukuthuthukisa ubisi Ukwakheka kanye nokufaneleka ezilwaneni umshini zizosengwa.

British Alpine zohlobo, ovame ukubizwa ngokuthi black toggenburgskoy, bhalisiwe ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka eledlule e-England. Pure black umbala ne ezimhlophe "izitembu Swiss" - strip ebusweni, bezel izindlebe, "amasokisi" ngezinyawo zabo, "podboyka" ezansi umsila. Imbuzi amade futhi encane, ikhanda okulula eside entanyeni ngomusa, yimani niqonde izindlebe kancane sabhekisela. Daily ubisi isivuno kuze kufinyelele 4.5 amalitha.

Dairy imbuzi izinhlobo eRussia

Gorky kuyinto omele njengabawufanelekele imbuzi. Indaba le idwala akuqinisekwa ngakho. Kodwa siyazi ukuthi amadlozi akhona ayengabantu Russian yobisi izimbuzi nomhlophe-zaanenki sabezinye izizwe, amazwe ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka eledlule e le Nizhny Novgorod esifundeni, ebizwa ngokuthi kubusa amaSoviet, Gorky, kungani, futhi banikezwe igama zohlobo. Okwamanje, lezi izimbuzi ukunikeza labantu nomnotho ongumlimi abalimi we Nizhny Novgorod esifundeni. Phakathi yasekhaya zohlobo Russian kubhekwa okungcono, imizamo abalimi abantu sika aqhubeka aguquka bebheke ukukhiqizwa ubisi.

Yangaphandle Gorkovskaya imbuzi zaanenskoj efana, kodwa izilwane mncane ubukhulu nesisindo: izimbuzi 50 kg, nezimpongo omkhulu - 60 noma ngaphezulu kg isisindo bukhoma. Libhekene nombala omhlophe enezinwele ezimfishane kanye underfur - 10% fluff. Ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene izinwele umzimba density ezahlukene kanye nobude. Nenzalo muhle: imbuzi ngokuvamile kuletha 2 izinyane lembuzi, kodwa kukhona izimo Kozlenev 4-5 izingane.

Lactation abafika kwabangu-10 izinyanga ngonyaka, i nadaivanii isilinganiso phakathi nalesi sikhathi amalitha 500. Nge ukukhiqizwa ezinhle ubisi ukunakekelwa ukufinyelela amalitha 1000 nokuningi. Ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha Kozlenev DSA ubisi ezithela agcinwa emqulwini owodwa, bese wehlise ngokuphawulekayo.

Kusukela lubisi fluff - 250 g ngoba iCal, imbuzi kakhulu, esetshenziselwa eliphezulu shevrovoy isikhumba.

Popular namuhla purebred yobisi izimbuzi, intengo zazo, eqinisweni, kumnandi (imbuzi purebred izindleko zenyanga kuka-30 eziyinkulungwane. Ruble), akubona bonke atholakalayo. Beginners bangakunikeza iseluleko: ukuthenga oshibhile Gorky imbuzi, ingashintshwa ukuze abandayo, linesizotha feed, wenzalo umkhiqizo omuhle, nasekukholweni okungazenzisiyo ubisi okumnandi yonke.

imbuzi Mingrelian

Entshonalanga Georgia, Samegrelo, zohlobo yobisi imbuzi kubanga elisezansi Mingrelian kanye nohlobo entabeni. On flat sezwe izakhamizi nemizana igcinwe kwi leash nezilwane nezitebele zamahhashi yohlobo sokuqala. Zidla ukudla isitshalo kuvuna, udoti kusuka izithelo nemifino. Izimbuzi elisezansi encane, isisindo isilinganiso izimvukazi ngesikhathi ibambene ehlombe cm 60 33-37 kg, izimbuzi emikhulu futhi esindayo - ngaphansi 50 kg. Kwaphela izinsuku ezingu-200 e ubisi nezimbuzi nadaivayut okuyisilinganiso sabangu-300 amalitha ubisi, ngesikhathi akhe bhalisa umnikazi 750. fertility elincane kuphela 20 aphume izimvukazi 100 ulethe imbuzi 2, umuntu asele.

Intaba izimbuzi kunangendlela nozakwabo uMthethosisekelo eqinile futhi skeleton anolaka, okukhulu ngokwengeziwe. Isisindo nezimpongo ku-50 kg izimbuzi 70 kg. Ziklaba emadlelweni aphezulu kusukela entwasahlobo kuya ekupheleni kwekwindla, ebusika baba bavela iphakama ezigodini entabeni, lapho kokudla. I ukukhiqiza i isilinganiso 200 kuya ku-250 wamalitha ngayinye olunezinyanga eziyisithupha lactation. Nenzalo incane - izingane 110 kusukela izimvukazi 100.

Umbala Mingrelian izimbuzi, omhlophe, obomvu kanye grey. Dlala iDemo izinwele anolaka. Zonke izilwane nge athuthukiswe kahle izimpondo lwalugobile ngesimo S incwadi ekhanda eziningana side, nge naphakathi sobude izindevu.

izimbuzi Mingrelian amelana isifo. I Izindawo lezi izimbuzi kwezinye izindawo kuyothuthuka ukukhuthazela kanye ukukhiqiza izinhlobo zendawo lezimbuzi.

zizalela izimbuzi

Adult izimbuzi purebred yokuzalanisa okunzima ukubathola futhi ubakhokhela kuyodingeka ezibizayo. Ungaya enye indlela - kude izimbuzi nezimbuzi purebred abazali amapulazi ezahlukene, ofeza Ukubusa ebaluleke kakhulu - kuvinjelwe inbreeding. Kuyinto nephephile ngiphendukele abalimi yokuzalanisa izimbuzi. Ungakhohlwa isimiso esihle ubudala: isikhathi ezibizayo kodwa nice and ezishibhile - uyazi, "Ukugxila 'kungenzeka zingenzeki.

Hlola yembuzi, futhi le imbuzi-umkhiqizi-umama - izimpawu thoroughbred kufanele sobala. Umthengisi izwi mayelana umkhiqizo okusezingeni eliphezulu kwesibeletho ukuhlola umkhuba - ngisho ubisi imbuzi khona kwakho. Zama ukunambitheka ubisi nephunga.

Kulaba langakufanelekela izimbuzi kuzalwa amazinyane, lapho kukhona engaphezu kwemibili. ukunakekela okukhethekile Ngokuzayo umenzi. Imbuzi yokuzalanisa kufanele lwenziwe. Hlola intuthuko kwezitho zokuzala lezimbuzi.

Buza nganoma umdayisi indlela yokudla. Okubalulekile: ngaphambi kwezinyanga ezimbili ubisi ubudala izingane kamama kufanele kube Ukudla zabo eziyinhloko. ukukhula Siqu nokuthuthukiswa yahlulelwe isisindo, isifiso, ukubukeka izinwele elingenamikhono futhi buhle into ukudayiswa.

Nezimbuzi inzuzo endaweni unomphela yeziboshwa. Konke okunye (zizalela ezinhle) kuncike yokudla efanele futhi okhathalelayo ukunakekelwa isilwane.