Beta-blocker: izidakamizwa uhlu, izinkomba ukusetshenziswa

Izidakamizwa nge nemiphumela ephawulekayo zokwelapha kabanzi ngochwepheshe. Basuke esetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo zenhliziyo, okuyizinto njalo kakhulu phakathi kwezinye pathologies. Lezi zifo kunamathuba amaningi okuthi eziholela ukufa kweziguli. Imithi kudingeka zokwelapha lezi zifo, kukhona beta-blocker. Uhlu ekilasini izidakamizwa, ehlanganisa 4 izigaba, kanye ngezigaba zabo ethulwa ngezansi.

Ukwahlukanisa beta-blocker

Isakhiwo amakhemikhali isigaba izidakamizwa ezingekho iyunifomu emiphumeleni emitholampilo zizimele. kubaluleke kakhulu ukwaba sicaciselwe yokwamukela ethile futhi ziyezwana ngaye. Ayanda ngokucacile i-beta-1 receptor, le ayinayo imiphumela eminingi engemihle izidakamizwa. Kule ndaba, uhlu beta-blocker izidakamizwa inikezwe njengoba enomqondo.

Isizukulwane sokuqala imikhiqizo:

• non-abakhethayo beta-yokwamukela 1 kanye nohlobo 2, "Propranolol" futhi "Sotalol", "timolol" futhi "oxprenolol", "nadolol," "Penbutamol".

Eyesibili isizukulwane:

• abakhethayo beta yokwamukela uhlobo 1, "bisoprolol" futhi "Metoprolol", "acebutolol" futhi "Atenolol", "Esmolol."

kwesizukulwane sesithathu:

• beta okukhethwayo 1 blocker nge izakhiwo ezengeziwe kwemithi: "Nebivolol" futhi "Betaksalol", "talinolol" futhi "celiprolol".
• Nelektivnye beta-1 ne-beta-2 blocker nge ezengeziwe izakhiwo kwemithi: "Carvedilol" futhi "carteolol," "Labetalol" futhi "bucindolol".

Lezi beta-blocker (bheka uhlu izidakamizwa. Ngenhla) ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene ababesematheni eyinhloko izidakamizwa eziye zasetshenziswa futhi manje ezisetshenziselwa yezifo imithambo yegazi kanye inhliziyo. Abaningi babo, iningi labo abamele izizukulwane wesibili nowesithathu, asetshenziswa namuhla. Ngenxa imiphumela yabo kwemithi uphathe ukulawula kwenhliziyo futhi ubambe isigqi ethunjini kuya ventricles, ukunciphisa imvamisa angina ekuhlaseleni angina.

Isihluthulelo ngezigaba

Izidakamizwa bokuqala bangamalungu isizukulwane sokuqala, okungukuthi, non-abakhethayo beta-blocker. Uhlu izidakamizwa amalungiselelo kunikezwa ngenhla. Le mithi uyakwazi ekuvimbeni receptor we 1st kanye nohlobo 2nd, ukuze kutholakale imiphumela zokwelapha kanye ohlangothini, okuyinto waveza bronchospasm. Ngenxa yokuthi contraindicated in iziguli COPD, isifuba somoya bronchial. Into ebaluleke kakhulu izidakamizwa isizukulwane sokuqala kukhona "Propranolol", "Sotalol", "timolol".

Phakathi abamele isizukulwane uhlu izidakamizwa beta-blocker yesibili, lo mshini wezenzo zazo lihlotshaniswa oyinhloko ekuvimbeni uhlobo receptor kuqala. Basuke izimpawu ziyezwana ababuthakathaka uhlobo yokwamukela 2, ngoba kungakubangeli bronchospasm in iziguli isifuba somoya kanye COPD. Ahamba kahle amalungiselelo ebaluleke kakhulu isizukulwane 2nd kukhona "bisoprolol" futhi "Metoprolol", "Atenolol".

Isizukulwane sesithathu we-beta-blocker

Abamele kwesizukulwane sesithathu - iyona yakamuva beta blocker. Uhlu izidakamizwa kuhlanganisa "Nebivolol", "carvedilol", "Labetalol", "bucindolol", "celiprolol" kanye nabanye (bheka. Ngenhla). Into ebaluleke kakhulu kusukela iphuzu basemtholampilo umbono yilezi ezilandelayo: "Nebivolol" futhi "Carvedilol". Umsuka advantageously ivinjiwe beta-1 receptor kudaleke ukukhululwa kwe CHA. Loku kubangelwa ukunwetshwa imithambo yegazi kanye kuncishiswe ingozi zingcwecwe atherosclerotic.

Kukholakala ukuthi i-beta-blocker - izidakamizwa ophakeme wegazi isifo senhliziyo kanye, kuyilapho "Nebivolol" - umuthi ejwayelekile ukuthi awunankinga kokubili izinjongo. Nokho, izindleko zayo lisetudlwana kuka intengo abanye. Okucishe izakhiwo kodwa kancane ezibizayo, kuba "Carvedilol". Sihlanganisa izindawo beta-1 futhi i-alpha-blocker esisiza ukunciphisa imvamisa namandla Kufinyeta senhliziyo, kanye ukwandisa azungeze izitsha.

Le miphumela zikuvumela ukulawula ezingamahlalakhona inhliziyo ukwehluleka kanye nomfutho wegazi ophezulu. Futhi endabeni ephethwe yisifo senhliziyo, "Carvedilol" - isidakamizwa yokuzikhethela, ngoba namanje kuyinto antioxidant. Ngenxa ithuluzi kuvimbela okubi kakhulu of zingcwecwe atherosclerotic.

Izinkomba iqembu izidakamizwa

Zonke izinkomba ukusetshenziswa we-beta-blocker kuxhomeke izakhiwo ezithile eqenjini elithile izidakamizwa. Ngo blocker non-abakhethayo izinkomba iyincane, kuyilapho abakhethayo ephephile futhi singasetshenziswa kabanzi. Ngokuvamile, izimpawu zijwayelekile, nakuba enqindwa ukungabi nakwenzeka kwento ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa kwezinye iziguli. Ukuze izidakamizwa ezingekho abakhethayo elandelayo izinkomba:

• isilethikusebenza kuzo zonke izinkathi, angina, ukuphumula, angina engazinzile ;
• Atrial fibrillation normoforma futhi tahiforma;
• itheku tachyarrhythmia nge eqamba noma ngaphandle kuye ventricles;
• ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo (ezingamahlalakhona);
• nomfutho wegazi ophezulu ;
• i-hyperthyroidism, i-hyperthyroidism, noma ngaphandle esibucayi ke;
• pheochromocytoma kusuka crisis yokwelapha eziyisisekelo noma isifo preoperatively;
• migraine;
• Sokuhlaziya useshonile yomthambo i-aorta;
• izidakamizwa noma utshwala ukuhoxiswa syndrome.

Ngenxa yokuphepha bamaqembu ezilimi eziningi izidakamizwa, ikakhulukazi isizukulwane sesibili nesesithathu, uhlu izidakamizwa beta-blocker, kukhulunywa ngayo kaningi amarekhodi ekwelapheni nenhliziyo kanye nezifo semithambo. Ngokusho imvamisa kwesicelo, zingabantu kucishe nge ACE inhibitor, ezisetshenziswa ekwelapheni ukwehluleka senhliziyo nomfutho wegazi ophezulu kanye umzimba syndrome futhi ngaphandle kwalo. Bekanye isisu, kwala maqembu amabili wezidakamizwa wakwazi ukwandisa ubude bempilo ezingamahlalakhona ukuhluleka inhliziyo.

Izimo

Beta-blocker, kanye nezinye izidakamizwa, banezimiso Izimo. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi imithi isinyathelo receptor, bona iphephe kakhudlwana kunemithi ACE inhibitor. Izimo General:

• isifuba somoya, COPD;
• bradyarrhythmia, itheku ogulayo syndrome;
• atrioventricular block II degree;
• hypotension lingaze;
• sokukhulelwa, mntwana;
• decompensated inhliziyo ukuhluleka - inhliziyo ukwehluleka II B-III.

Futhi uba contra ukusabela iguliswa ekuphenduleni eyamukelayo blocker. Uma noma iyiphi komzimba izidakamizwa sikhula, izidakamizwa esikhundleni komunye uyayixazulula inkinga.

Imiphumela ukusetshenziswa basemtholampilo bezidakamizwa kanye

Lapho izidakamizwa angina kakhulu ukunciphisa imvamisa ukuhlaselwa angina namandla abo, banciphise amathuba izenzakalo acute yenhliziyo. Aphatha CHF beta-blocker nge ACE inhibitor futhi isisu inyuka amabili ubude bempilo. Imithi aphumelela e tachyarrhythmias ukulawula futhi bacindezele njalo amabhithi ethunjini e-ventricle. Sekukonke, izimali ukusiza ukulawula yimuphi izimpawu yesifo senhliziyo.

Iziphetho mayelana beta-blocker

"Carvedilol" futhi "Nebivolol" - iyona engcono beta-blocker. Uhlu izidakamizwa ukuthi abonise umsebenzi okukhethekile we-beta-receptor, sigcwalisa uhlu izidakamizwa therapeutically ezibalulekile main. Ngoba umkhuba emtholampilo kumele kusetshenziswe noma nge esizukulwane sesithathu, okungukuthi 'Carvedilol "noma" Nebivolol "noma ogxile abakhethayo-beta-1 yokwamukela izidakamizwa," bisoprolol "," metoprolol ". Ngisho nanamuhla, isicelo sabo ikuvumela ukulawula umfutho ophezulu wegazi kanye ukwelapha isifo senhliziyo.