Ayini ama-hubs we-UAZ? Amahabhu ku-"U-Patriot" we-UAZ: umyalelo wokufakwa emotweni

Phakathi kwenani elikhulu labahamba ngezimoto kukhona abaningi balabo abakhetha ukuhamba okulinganiselwe ku-asphalt ehlanganisa ukufuna amakhono ngaphandle komgwaqo. Abaningi babo banezibonelo ezahlukene ze- UAZ. Lezi zimoto zihlukaniswa nokutholakala kwe- wheel drive. Ezinhlobonhlobo ezinjenge- "Patriot", "Hunter", "Loaf", shayela i-4x4, i-plug-in. Kuyini lokhu konke lokhu? Futhi iqiniso lokuthi lokhu kushayela akudingeki ngaso sonke isikhathi. Phela, uma abashayeli bese behamba emgwaqweni, ngokuvamile ngezimpelasonto bephumula emsebenzini.

Ngakho-ke, kulawo mazinga lapho kungadingeki khona ukushayela okugcwele, faka ama-hubs ku-UAZ. Okuyinhloko, futhi noma kunjalo, umsebenzi kuphela walezi zindlela ukuhambisa i-torque esuka phambili phambili ngqo esiteshini uqobo noma ukukhipha lokhu kuxhumana uma kwenzeka kungekho sidingo sokushayela okugcwele.

Kungani ukuvimbela yonke i-wheel drive?

Lapha, ekuboneni kuqala, konke kulula. Isibonelo, kungenzeka ukuthatha insimbi yokugubha ububanzi cishe ngo-100 mm futhi ifakwe kwi- neve yesondo. Khona-ke ungabeka amasondo emipulini yokushayela. Liqinile, lithembekile futhi lilula.

Kodwa-ke, lapha amaSUV ashiya emgwaqeni we-asphalt futhi, udaka oluhlabayo, luqala ngokushelela ukuthola isivinini. Kulezi zindlebe, umoya uphazamisekile, injini nokudluliswa kwezinto zihlukumezeka ukuzwa umsebenzi we-injini nokudlulisa, umshayeli usuvele ecabanga ngohambo olude olude olude, kanti i-front axle, ngisho nangaphambi kokushiya i-asphalt, inqunywe yi-lever, futhi iyaqhubeka ijikeleza. Kuyini ukujikeleza kusuka? Kusukela ngesivinini samavili. Lapho imoto ihamba eduze ne-asphalt, amasondo ajikeleza ukushayela kanye nama-hinges of speed angular. Lezi zinsuku zinikeza amandla kule reducer kanye ne-front card gear.

Kulokhu akukho lutho olubi kakhulu. Ezingxenyeni eziningi ze-Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant kukhona ukudluliselwa okunokwethenjelwa, okuzoqina kuyokwanela ngisho nokude okude kakhulu nokude ezindaweni ezibucayi kakhulu. I-injini izokwazi futhi ukuguqula kalula ama-node, okwamanje okwamanje akudingekile.

Kungani injini ingadla uketshezi olwedlulele, ngoba ku-drive egcwele kulokhu akukho isidingo? Kungani kufanele ubekezelele izici ezincane, kodwa zisezingeni eliphansi? Kuthiwani ngokubhekiselwe kwezinye izindodi zokulimala okwamanje manje akukho okudingekayo? Futhi ngesikhathi sokunyakaza, ukuduma okuhlukahlukene kanye nomsindo kungabonakala, okuvela ngenxa yokujikeleza kwezixuku ezinzima. Uma engekho lo mshayeli adinga, ke indlela engcono kakhulu ukukhipha amasondo ukusuka ku-drive. Lona impendulo yombuzo ukuthi ngabe ama-hubs adingekayo ku-UAZ Patriot.

Front Wheel Release Clutch

Yilokho kanye la madivaysi abhalwe ngokufanele emibhalweni yolimi lwesiRussia. Zivame ukufakwa kuma-hubs of the front pair of wheels futhi ziyasebenza njengendlela yokuxhuma okunamandla kwesondo ne-drive uma kungadingeki umshayeli.

Ikhuphule ama-hubs ku-UAZ: idivaysi kanye nomgomo wokusebenza

Ngakho, ngemisebenzi yalezi zinhlanganisela konke kucacile. Kodwa basebenza kanjani futhi bahlelwa kanjani? Ukuze uphendule le mibuzo emibili ebalulekile, udinga ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo. Ngokuba izimoto ezingekho emgwaqweni zisebenzisa amadivaysi e-manual ne-automatic. Kodwa lokhu kuhlukaniswa kungabhekwa njengomgomo.

Umqulu

Le mikhiqizo itholakala kumamodeli amaningi angaphandle-emgwaqeni cishe cishe wonke abakhiqizi noma kuphi emhlabeni. Izandla zakwa-UAZ nazo zivame kakhulu ezweni lethu.

Indlela yokusebenzisa

Le ndlela isetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ukugqoka kwezinxenye nezingxenye ngaphambili kokushayela imoto yemoto, kanye nokugcina uphethiloli, uma kudingeka uhambe kaningi emigwaqweni enezendlalelo. Uma umshayeli ehlukanisa ibhuloho, kuncomeka futhi ukuba unqamule ukusuka ku-drive yehabhu kumavili angaphambili.

Kwenziwa kanjani lokhu? Ngokomyalelo, onamathele emotweni ye-UAZ "Hunter", ama-hubs kumele ahunyushwe endaweni ekhethekile. Ngokuvamile lesi sikhundla sibhalwe emzimbeni wendlela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, usebenzisa ukhiye okhethekile, susa i-hood, bese uvala isikhwama kusuka emgodini we-shaft drive. Khona-ke kungenzeka ukuhumusha isibhamu endaweni lapho i-annular groove ebusweni iphakama endizeni eyodwa nengxenye yokuphela kwegceke. Khona-ke kuyadingeka ukuqhuma i-cap. Lokhu kuyiqiniso kuzo zonke izinhlobo ze-UAZ ezingekho emgwaqweni. Ngakho-ke, ukuvala kanjani isondo kuyaqondakala. Ungabandakanya kanjani ama-hubs ku-UAZ? Kumele kwenziwe ngokukhwehlela nokuqinisa isibopho.

Kuzo zonke lokhu kungacaciswa ukuthi ukuxhuma kunamathele ekugcineni kwengxenye ye-shaft drive. Futhi, ngosizo lwethuluzi elikhethekile lingagxilika ngokuqinile kwi-hub flange noma lijikeleze ngokuzimela kwehabhu. Amadivaysi agxila ekuthembekeni kwawo, noma kunjalo, kunzima ukusebenzisa ihabhu elinjalo, ngakho-ke ama-hubs alolu hlelo ayasetshenziselwa i-UAZ "Hunter" SUV. Ungayisebenzisi kwezinye izindlela ezikhiqizwa namuhla.

Imishini yesimanje: 2.0 ama-hubs

Manje, uma udinga ukuvala noma ukuvula amasondo, vele uphume emotweni bese uvula ushintsho olukhethekile endaweni efunayo. Lezi zikhundla zi-2: 4x4 noma 2x2 kuphela. Khona-ke ungaphinda ubuyele ku-SUV uphinde uqhubeke nohambo.

Yile ndlela ama-hubs ku-UAZ afakiwe, afakwe kwizimoto eziningi ezingekho emgwaqweni nakweminye imikhiqizo, ngisho nakwamanye amazwe. Mayelana nemininingwane yobuchwepheshe, umakhi ngamunye wedivaysi unendlela yakhe.

Izinzuzo nokungalungi

Phakathi kwezinzuzo eziyingqayizivele ezihlinzeka ngezindlela, kunokwenzeka ukuhlukanisa amandla angavamile. Amandla lapho nge-margin. Futhi, ama-pluses afaka lula ukuklama, ukuthembeka nokulula ukusetshenziswa.

Kodwa, uma ufaka ama-hubs ku-UAZ, ungakhohlwa ngezimo ezimbi. Ngakho-ke, ukuze usebenzise, udinga ukuphuma ku-salon futhi ungcolile izandla zakho ezihlanzekile mayelana nobuncwane, futhi ngokuvamile ngisho nokushintsha kweqhwa.

Yebo, kufanelekile ukusho ngeqhwa. Abanye abakhiqizi benza izinguquko kusuka epulasitiki. Kubonakala sengathi lena yinto engenangqondo kakhulu engasetshenziswa kuphela ohlelweni lokudlulisela. Kodwa ku-frost enkulu ukuthi iplastiki ayifuni, futhi lokhu kwenza kube lula ukushintsha indlela yokusebenza ehlukile.

Enye inzuzo ye-hubs ngesandla ingabonakala ukuthi kungenzeka ukufaka noma ukukhipha ukuxhuma kwangaphambili ngqo ukusuka ekhamini elihamba phambili, uma ama-hubs (ku-UAZ "Bukhanka" noma "Patriot" afakwa - ngaphandle kokuhluka) we-Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant afakwe kusengaphambili. Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kuyasiza kakhulu lapho imoto imisa ngokuzumayo ingxenye elula kakhulu yomgwaqo noma yawela emgodini odakeni.

Ukuze ugweme noma yikuphi okumangazayo, abashayeli abaningi baqala ukufaka lezi zindlela ngesikhathi sokuqala kweqhwa elikhulu. Vala i-spring efanayo, uma sekukhona kakade kuyo yonke indawo i-asphalt eyomile. Futhi vala ama-hubs nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, uma udinga isikhathi eside kakhulu ukuhamba njengendlela ye-asphalt eyomile. Lena indlela enengqondo, eqinisekisiwe yiminyaka yokusebenza kwabo bonke abasebenzisa kakade ama-hubs (UAZ Patriot). Ukubuyekeza, izithombe ziqinisekisa ngokugcwele lolu lwazi. Ngalolu hlelo kulula, luhle futhi lungagcina ilitha lamafutha noma ngaphezulu. Abaningi bayesaba ukuthi uma usebenzisa ama-hubs avaliwe isikhathi esanele ngokwanele, lokhu kungaba yingozi kakhulu kwibhuloho noma imoto. Kodwa konke lokhu kuyize. Ezinhlobonhlobo eziningi, kune-plug ekhethekile ephaketheni, okuqinisekisa ukudluliswa kwe-torque njalo engxenyeni yangaphambili ngaphandle kokuba kungenzeka ukushintsha.

Izindlela ezizenzakalelayo

Manje udinga ukukhuluma ngama-hubs othomathikhi. Umehluko wabo oyinhloko kubafowabo-abafowethu umshayeli wukuthi ukuze ubashintshele endaweni oyifunayo, akudingeki ukuba ushiye i-salon yemoto. Ukuze uqale umshini wangaphambili wesondo, xhuma ibhuloho ngokuqondile emgodini womgibeli. Ezimweni ezingavamile, kungadingeka ukuba ucindezele inkinobho eyengeziwe elawula ama-hubs ngokwawo.

Isebenza kanjani?

Kunezinketho eziningana zomsebenzi. Ukushayela kungaba yinkampani kagesi efakwe ngaphakathi kwesikhungo futhi ishintshe ama-hubs ku-UAZ-469 noma enye imodeli. I-vacuum noma isimiso se-hydraulic singasetshenziswa futhi ukulawula imodi yokusebenza yale ndlela.

Okuthandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalandeli bezinto ezingekho emgwaqweni yikhubhu engashintshwa ngokuzimela. Ivuleka ngokuzenzekelayo uma kune-torque esiteshini sevili. Idizayini ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo. Ngezansi sizoxoxa ngazo ngokuningiliziwe.

Amahabhu anegesi kagesi

Lawa madivaysi ahlanganisa ukuthembeka okukhulu, kanye nakho konke okulula kwendlela yokwenza ngesandla, okudingeka idlulisele ugesi kumoto wokulawula, ojikelezayo nehabhu levili. Kunenkinga encane lapha - izibhamu ezithumela zamanje, zisebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima kakhulu. Lokhu kungcola okudala, izinqubo zokushisa eziyinkimbinkimbi. Uma uhlelo luvele lungavali, futhi imoto ngesikhathi esifanele izohlala ne- drive yangemuva. Kulesi simo kuphela abashayeli bamatekisi bazokwazi ukukhipha i-SUV ngaphandle kwempambu.

I-vacuum mechanism

Ngemuva kokushayela kwe-wheel-wheel, ipompo ekhethekile iqala ukukhipha wonke umoya oqoqwe ohlelweni kusukela ekuhlanganiseni kwesondo. Njengomphumela wale nqubo, ihabhu livinjiwe. Ngesikhathi lapho idrayivu idinga ukuxhunyiwe, uhlelo luzosebenza ngokuphambene nalokho - ukuguqula umjovo womoya ohlelweni.

Kulomklamo, konke kulungile, kodwa kuze kube seqophelweni elithile. Ngeqhwa elibi, izimpawu zenjoloba zingaba nzima, futhi ngesikhathi esinqunyiwe umshayeli wonke wesondo ngeke uvule. Ukubheka ukubuyekezwa, ama-hubs on vacuum akavamile ukusebenza isikhathi eside futhi ngenjabulo. Konke ngenxa yokuthi ngokusebenzisa amafutha okunamathisela kuwo wonke umfucumfucu othungayo futhi omanzi uyowela ngqo ngaphakathi kwebhubhisi kanye nezintambo.

Isixazululo esizenzakalelayo sokuzenzakalelayo

Lezi yizona izindlela ezivame kakhulu. Zifakiwe cishe kuzo zonke izimoto ezine-wheel drive. Njengomshayeli lapha - ukudlulisa ngokwayo kuyinto auto. Lona ngumgomo wama-AVM owaziwa futhi owaziwayo kwi-UAZ Patriot.

Uma umshayeli ehlanganisa ibhuloho necala lokudlulisa futhi i-torque ivela engxenyeni engezansi, idivayisi izovala. Uma uvula i-reverse, isici, ngokulandelana, sizovala futhi sivale futhi, kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi. Ngomunye ushintsho oluthile lweseluleko, ihabhu lizoshintsha, futhi lo mzuzwana uzohambisana nokushaywa kwindlela yokudlulisela. Uma usebenzisa izinyathelo zokuhamba ngezinyawo kanye ne-lever yebhokisi lokudlulisa ngokuphindaphindiwe kakhulu, khona-ke ukushaya kuyoba yingozi nakakhulu.

Uma umshayeli enqamula i-drive ukusuka egumbini lomgibeli, kuyadingeka ukuba ushayela ibanga elifushane ngaphesheya ukuze wenze i-clutch ivuleke. Uma ungenzi lokhu, i-hub izovulelwa, futhi ungaxhuma noma unqamule ibhuloho ngokuqondile ku-cabin. Lokhu kungenziwa kuze kube yilapho ukushintshwa kwesiqondiso esilandelayo kungavali.

Ihabhu, uma livulekile, ngeke livule ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwezinkinga ngesivinini. Ku-SUV amaningi (u-UAZ akuyona into ehlukile), ikhono lokuvula noma ukuvala i-drive ngendiza inqunywa kuphela ngokuklanywa kwecala lokudlulisa. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-synchronizer ku-gear drive ku-axle yangaphambili kufanele ifakwe ohlelweni.

Ngakho-ke, isikhungo esinjalo sikhululekile futhi sikhululekile, kodwa kuphela lapho kunezimo ezinzima kakhulu. Le ndlela idinga ukuphatha ngokucophelela. Imishini kaRaskachka inganciphisa ukuphila kwayo kuze kube yilapho kuphulwa khona. Ukuze unqamule, kubalulekile ukushayela kancane kancane.

Ukunikezwa kwemakethe

Esikhathini sokucwaninga kwamakethe, izinhlobo ezinhlanu zemikhiqizo yazo zonke izinhlobo ze-UAZ ezingekho emgwaqweni ziza emehlweni. Sibheka kuphela lezo zindlela ongakhetha ngazo ezitholakala ekuthengiseni mahhala.

Umkhiqizo Omdala kakhulu

Kuze kube manje, imakethe yemoto ingathenga amamodeli endala kunazo zonke ezenziwe esitshalweni sase-Ulyanovsk. Lezi zishintshi zamasondo zifakiwe kuma-model models. Izindebe ezibukhali zokuxhuma zibandakanya nemikhono yangaphakathi. Isihlahla, futhi, sibeka phezu kwe-spline e-axle eseceleni futhi senziwe nge-bolt ekhethekile. I-Bolt iyisisekelo sezinto zonke. Le mikhiqizo ingatholakali ngenxa yokutholakala njalo ezitolo nasezindleko eziphansi - intengo i-ruble engu-500 kuphela.

Imikhiqizo ye-Elmo

Le nkampani ikhiqiza ama-hubs, aphelele "Hunter" kanye ne- "Symbirs". Le mikhiqizo ifanelekile ku-UAZ futhi ngokuvamile etholakala ekuthengisweni. Imikhiqizo itholakala ezinhumulweni eziningana - nge-switch yokuhlobisa kanye nama-hubs alula ku-UAZ. Izithombe azivezi ngobuhle obukhethekile, kodwa imininingwane ayiyona yalolu hlobo. Intengo isuka kuma-ruble angu-920 kuya ku-960. Lokhu kuyindleko engabizi kakhulu.

"Stead"

Le mikhiqizo ifana kakhulu naleyo eyedlule, kodwa uma ubheka ngokucophelela, lezi zinhlobo nombala ohlukile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ndlela ibonakala ngesisindo sokukhanya. Zenziwe e-Ufa. Intengo yebhangqa i-ruble engaba ngu-700.

ADS

Kukhona kuma-hubs "ADS" athengiswa ku-UAZ. Ngokuvamile abashayeli banelisekile ngomsebenzi, kodwa akuwona wonke ama-disk abukeka ejabulisayo. Endaweni ethile unamathele kakhulu, lokho kuthatha umbono wonke. Kodwa ngokujwayelekile, le mininingwane ibheka kakhulu futhi iqinile. On abasebenzi discs nalezi hubs ngeke bakwazi ukufaka cap. Kodwa bafeza umsebenzi wabo, futhi eziningi zazo azidingeki.

I-AVM

Mhlawumbe, lo mkhiqizo akufanele uhanjiswe. I-Hubs AVM ku-"U-Patriot" we-UAZ nenye yonke imidwebo yamamodeli akhiqizwa eBrazil. Kulula kakhulu ukufunda. Ikhwalithi ephezulu ibonakala ngisho nasendabeni. Kuzwakala ukuthi idivayisi kanye ne-mechanism yasebenza ngempela. Futhi, le ndlela ihlome kahle. Izindleko zingaphezu kwama-ruble angu-5000. Kodwa lezi zindleko zifanelekile ngokuphelele. Umagazini owaziwa ngezimoto wenza ucwaningo oluningi lwawo wonke ama-hubs atholakalayo emakethe. Futhi imiphumela yokuhlolwa ikhombise ikhwalithi ephezulu ngempela yale mikhiqizo. Bobabili onobuhle bemodeli kanye ne-othomathikhi benza imisebenzi yabo ngokucacile nangokucacile.

I-hubs egibele ku-"AVM" ye-UAZ iyatholakala ezinguqulweni ezine. Zonke zifanele zonke izinhlobo ze-off-road, ngisho nokufaka i-GAZ-69. Esikhathini sokuhlela, kunezibonelo zombili ezizenzakalelayo nezomqulu, zombili ezijwayelekile futhi eziqinisiwe.

Ukuze uqinisekise ikhwalithi yalo mkhiqizo, kuyadingeka ukuba ujwayele ukubuyekezwa okuningi, okulotshwe ngabanikazi bezinto ezingekho emgwaqweni ezakhiwe yisitshalo se-Ulyanovsk. Labo okungenani abasebenzise lezi zindlela ezimbalwa baqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo ye-AVM ayinakhulisa i-hubs engcono kakhulu ku-UAZ Patriot.

Ngaphezu kwale mikhiqizo ezitolo zezimoto ungabona uhlelo "Rus" ne "Reef". Lezi zinhlelo ezisezingeni eliphansi, kodwa nazo zithembekile.

Ukufaka

Ukuhlelwa kwe-coupling kulula kakhulu. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuthatha indawo ngendlela efanele ngendlela efakiwe ngaphambili. Ngenxa yalokhu kubalulekile ukucabangela izinga lokuyinkimbinkimbi lokungaqedi izibopho.

Ukusebenzisa ibhulashini lensimbi, hlaziya izindawo zangaphandle zokungcola. Inhloko yokuphela ayiqinisekisiwe yi-bolts. Uma i-bolt ingapheli, ungasebenzisa ithuluzi le-pneumatic.

Bese usebenza ngokucophelela endaweni ye-hub. Lapha, susa izinsalela ze-gaskets ezindala. Hlanza ukungcola nokubola. Ngosizo lomoya ocindezelweyo, hlanza izimbobo zezinsimbi zokugqoka. Kunconywa ukuba ufake amafutha amancane kuma-bolts.

Lapho obandayo isikhungo esisha, ungabi kahle ukubopha phakathi ihabhu kanye elihlangana esihlalweni phezu sealant. Nakuba lenkampani futhi okuqinisekisiwe njengoba spacer, kungcono ukudala ukuvikelwa eyengeziwe. Okulandelayo, a bamba, kodwa kuzomele uqale ufake ingxenye yayo Lesisemkhatsini. Khona-ke kusebenze indlela futhi gasket isethi. Ingabe Izikhumulo kudingeka UAZ "Patriot"? Nakanjani kudingeka labo abathanda off-road nezimo ezinzima, kodwa njalo luhamba ku eziwubhuqu.

Ngakho, lapho sathola khona ukuthi ziyini Izikhumulo ukwenziwa SUV Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant. Sithemba ukuthi ulwazi olungenhla kuyoba wusizo kuwe.