Aramu Ilich Hachaturyan: Biography of umqambi, ikakhulukazi amaqiniso zokudala futhi ezithakazelisayo

Mayelana indoda siyazi njengoba omunye bomculo abanamakhono kakhulu ukuthi imisebenzi kabani zabuna umculo lamashumi amabili leminyaka-. Igama lakhe cishe bonke ezaziwa, ngisho eduze nabo umculo, futhi yobuciko zakhe lwenziwa concert amahholo. Futhi nakuba usuku lokufa kwakhe ubelokhu ecela kwengu-40, umculo wakhe namuhla umsindo kumabhayisikobho, kuthelevishini nomsakazo. Ngakho, lo hero salolu shicilelo - Aramu Khachaturyan biography okuyinto iyisibonelo esivelele sendlela umfana abavamile kusuka amadlelo Tiflis wayesengaba umuntu ngakho owaziwa.

Iminyaka yokuqala yaleli khulu umqambi omkhulu

Juni 6, 1903 ku lo mndeni omkhulu wawuhamba-Armenian nendodana wesine wazalwa, owayebizwa ngokuthi Aramu. Kwathi edolobhaneni Kojori manje - Gardabani wesifunda, esemaphethelweni Tiflis (Tbilisi) eGeorgia. Abazali bakhe Kumash Sarkisovna (umama) kanye Iliya (Yeghia) Khachaturian (ubaba), esebenza njengomshushisi Umbhangqi wamabhuku.

Kusukela eminyakeni yokuqala yokuphila kwakhe yadumisa umculo a Aramu Khachaturian kancane, ogama biography ufundwa ne isithakazelo abantu abane novalo ulalele wonke inothi yezikolo yakhe. Ngo Chapel esikoleni ke Kuyintokozo enkulu ukudlala Tuba, horn upiyano. Ngokuvamile umfana badunyiswa ngokunikwa udumo. kamuva Ukhumbula ukuthi kokuba azalwe esemaphethelweni Tbilisi ubudala - umculo, Ukushaywa emangalisayo yedolobha - kwaba akunakwenzeka yini ukuvuma magic umculo.

Kodwa abazali bacabanga ukuthi izingane zabo kufanele bakwenze engathí sina, ngakho umdlalo wakhe waqonda sina. Ukutadisha umculo isikali lapho acabanga kwenzeka eminyakeni engu-19.

Okuvelayo Khachaturian abasha

Ukuze umqambi esizayo kwaba okwatholakala ebaluleke kakhulu Tbilisi opera Italy ngoma, umculo esikoleni futhi Russian Musical Society. Kulesi muzi waba Sergei Rachmaninov futhi Feodor Chaliapin. Kwakukhona abaculi abahlakaniphe kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi wakwazi ukwenza iqhaza elikhulu ekuthuthukiseni bomculo izikole eGeorgia Armenia.

Konke lokhu kuye kwakucebisa okuvelayo ekuseni zomculo insizwa.

Khachaturian, ogama Umlando womuntu ophilako ukunakwa okufanele, ithathe exubile buviyoviyo "isixha", okuyinto kakhulu fast kakhulu lizimelele ku isipiliyoni sakhe sokuzwa. Kuyinto lokhu "isixha" futhi wavumela okwakuyothi emashumini eminyaka kamuva neze angavalelwa ngaphakathi kazwelonke. Umculo ubelokhu kwakuzwakala kuzithameli omkhulu. Yebo, wayengabukisi ukulinganiselwa self kazwelonke Aramu Khachaturian. Biography, okuholela endleleni esuka edolobheni elincane, manje isiqala ukuba zikhanyise ezingasho imibala emisha. Ikusasa umqambi omkhulu wayenesithakazelo umculo lezizwe ezihlukene, ziphatha ngayo ukuhlonishwa kakhulu. Lokho nemave kanye kwaba isici esiyinhloko e embonweni kusebenza arama Hachaturyana.

izindonga Native "Gnesinka"

Kunzima ukukholelwa ukuthi umqambi brilliant odale rhapsodies eziningi, concertos, umculo wezinsimbi nezinye imisebenzi, wafunda notation emculweni engu-19 kuphela ubudala. Kulesi sikhathi ekuphileni kwakhe nabanye bakubo wafika eMoscow futhi engena Musical College Gnesin ekilasini cello. Ngesikhathi esifanayo wathola imfundo sezinto eziphilayo (Physics and Mathematics Faculty) empambanweni eMoscow University.

Ngo irekhodi isikhathi Aramu Ilich Hachaturyan, Biography okuyinto eqala ukukhuluphala nge amaqiniso amasha engenza lokho Wayemkhumbula ekukhuleni kwakhe zomculo. Akazange nje waqala ukuqeqeshwa kwakhe, kodwa futhi abe omunye wabafundi engcono. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wathola ilungelo lokukhuluma ngalolu amakhonsathi abanye abafundi 'emaHholo elikhulu futhi Small YaseMoscow Conservatory.

Uba kanjani umqambi?

Lokho kuyoba umqambi Aramu Khachaturian, ogama biography ngalesi sikhathi owawufana indaba sidle, ngabona ngo-1925, lapho ikilasi Ukwakheka ozithandayo ekolishi wakhe uvele. Kwaba kukhona ukuthi wathola emakhono ekubhala sokuqala ngqa. Ngemva kweminyaka emine, ngo-1929, waba umfundi eMoscow State Conservatory, lapho beqondiswa UNikolai Myaskovsky lasungulwa iphutha ngokufana ncamashí umqambi.

Ngo-1933 Sergei Prokofiev wavakashela ekilasini Myaskovsky sika. Kusukela kulo mhlangano we Khachaturian nesokana elaphuma okuvelayo ongenakulibaleka. Imisebenzi yakhe ngaphezulu futhi zinqotshwe ngaphezulu bomculo abanamakhono. Kodwa okuphambene nalokho nakho isithakazelo samanje: ngakho Prokofiev bathandile imisebenzi yase-Aramu, wakuthatha naye Paris. Kwakulapho, kuleli dolobha, okuyinto izigidi zabantu magange bheka they babulawa.

Eyokuqala "Dance" Khachaturian

"Dance" I-violin futhi upiyano - kwaba umkhiqizo wokuqala arama Ilicha, esanyatheliswa. Kuyinto ebonakalayo ngokucacile ezinye izici kanye nezici lokusungula umqambi abanamakhono ungezwa ezinye okusuke ka ngamazwi imiphumela kabanzi umculo wezinsimbi aseMpumalanga; amasu amaningi emsebenzini ukushintshashintsha, Improvisation; ezwakalayo ostinato Rhythmic futhi eziningi owaziwa "hachaturyanovskie imizuzwana." Umqambi wangitshela ukuthi yesibili yakhe okuvele ku waphinda ukulalela njengoba ingane Folk amathuluzi - ithamborini, futhi kemancha sazandar-iziqukathi.

Kancane kancane, kancane, Khachaturian, ogama Biography - isibonelo sendlela ezihlakaniphile indoda abanamakhono ngokwakhe ukudalile, wangenela ukucutshungulwa Folk song impahla nentuthuko. Kwathi ngo-1932, lapho ukukhanya Suite Piano. Lokho ingxenye yokuqala, enesihloko esithi "Tokatta" waziwa emhlabeni wonke. bopiyano abaningi namanje ukwethula wakhe emgodleni wakhe. Kuze kube manje, has a amandla umthelela izilaleli futhi ikhubalo ezithile.

Ngo-1933 waqala ukwenza "Dance Suite" I-symphony ye-orchestra. Lo mkhiqizo, imbuthuma injabulo ngobuqotho wokuphila, wokukhanya kanye namandla, Khachaturian abasha langena iqembu the best bomculo Soviet. Eminyakeni emibili kamuva, ngo-eHholo YaseMoscow Conservatory Ezwa ukulele Yokuqala Symphony owawungumnyaka umsebenzi mqondo ngesikhathi ekupheleni somculo. Kwakuwusuku kwaqedwa sangaphambilini futhi kuqale esigabeni esilandelayo emphilweni umqambi. Biography Aramu Khachaturian Kuyinto uhlobo umlando umculo, njengoba ngamunye amaphuzu wakhe - inkathi ehlukile isikhathi, ositshela mayelana okuvelayo, nakho kanye amathemba umlobi.

Umqambi futhi uthisha

Ingxenye enkulu lokudala arama Ilicha wathatha izingoma zakhe ngoba idrama imikhiqizo. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke - music for Lermontov sika "ukubonakala" futhi lopedevegovskoy "I-Valencian Umfelokazi". Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi imisebenzi yayenziwa senzelwe lokwentiwako, bathola ukuphila ngokuphelele ezimele.

Khachaturian, Biography iDemo ezingasetshenziswa kuphela kakhulu schematically ukuchaza indlela yokuphila umqambi abanamakhono, wabonisa isithakazelo esikhulu ebhayisikobho. Wabonisa umculo kubaluleke kangakanani ekuvezweni umqondisi nemvelo kanye nomklamo. Nokho ubuhlakani bakhe uthole omkhulu kutholwe igama emisebenzini Symphonic. Izethameli wathatha ukuze bajabule concertos lwakhe violin futhi orchestra for upiyano futhi weqembu lomculo wezinsimbi. Imibono ukuthi zibe ku-symphony lokuqala futhi "Dance Suite", yathola ithuba lokuphila okusha. Ngaphandle kwalokho, lapho Khachaturian ekhonsathini ukuthi kamuva waba isici ngendlela yakhe yokuloba. Ngo-1942 waphothula score "Gayane" ballet, lapho i-ballet classical nezobuciko choreographic ziye kwemiqondo. Kuze kube sekupheleni kwempi kwakukhona neyesiBili neyesiThathu Symphonies. iminyaka 9 ngemva kwempi, umqambi ubhale ballet nobuqhawe nezinezinhlekelele "uSpartacus".

Kuyini, Biography Aramu Khachaturian? Kungenziwa ngokufingqiwe amagama amathathu: umsebenzi, umsebenzi kanye nomsebenzi futhi. Ngo sixties aphume esibayeni weza ezintathu Khachaturian Concerto-Rhapsody, okuyinto ngo-1971 waklonyeliswa uMklomelo State.

Khachaturian ababengaboshiwe benza umzamo omkhulu umsebenzi pedagogical. Iminyaka eminingi wayenesifo wayeyinhloko isigaba Ukwakheka ngesikhathi eMoscow Conservatory, le Tchaikovsky kanye Gnessin Umculo Institute. umsebenzi umqambi wokudala baqhubeka cishe ukuze kwezinsuku zakhe zokugcina. ukuphila kwakhe kwaphela e Moscow, May 1, 1978.

Funny izigameko nokuphila umqambi

Biography Aramu Khachaturian Kuhlanganisa amaqiniso ahlukahlukene ezithakazelisayo. Omunye wabo - mayelana inja yakhe. Umqambi nge novalo iphathwa izilwane. Uma eJalimane, baletha kuye umuntu isipho - a poodle wasebukhosini. Aramu Lyado wambiza (ngokuvumelana izihloko ezimbili umculo). Wahamba naye, wapha kuye, kudlalwa naye. Khachaturian is sinamathele ngokuqinile isilwane sakhe, okuyinto kanye lanikezela play ngokuthi "Lyado nezibi."

Elinye iqiniso ukubaluleka cishe mlando. Ngo-1944 wamemezela umncintiswano ngokuba Armenia iculo lesizwe. Ngo Khachaturian efika e Yerevan, kwadingeka version ayo umculo. Ngelinye ilanga kusihlwa, yena wahlala phansi upiyano ephila namalungu emikhaya sakhe wamthinta okhiye. Kwakuyisikhathi ehlobo kushisa, abantu kwakumelwe ububanzi balcony evulekile. Ngaphansi amafasitela umqambi omkhulu wahlangana nabantu abayobe ugqozi ukuzwa umculo, kuyilapho hachaturyanovsky zimculele iculo lesizwe.

ubudlelwano Umkhaya

Khona-ke ngingabenza ukudala Khachaturian. Umlando Omfushane umqambi wesimanje abanamakhono kakhulu uthi, ngaphezu kwanoma ubani omunye wayazi, hhayi kuphela umculo, kodwa futhi inani layo emphakathini. Ukuphila kwakhe kwangasese, futhi, kwaba hhayi kuyisicefe. Esikhathini indodakazi yokuqala oshadile Nune wazalwa, egcwele wopiyano. Ngemva nje kancane kwalokho, ngemva kokuqedwa inyunyana wokuqala, umqambi washada okwesibili. ekukhetheni kwaKhe wayengumfundi wesazi kusuka isigaba ekhanda layo Myaskovsky - Nina Makarova. Lokho lona wesifazane wayesekhulile impela uthando olukhulu, nomngane othembekile Khachaturian ukuphila. Aramu noNina wabeletha indodana UKaren (ubuciko umhlaziyi owaziwa).

Ngakho waphila, Aramu Khachaturian, biography okufutshane Sekuyisikhathi eside eyathandwa elinye iqiniso elibalulekile: igama umqambi esibizwa ngokuthi iHholo we Conservatory Omkhulu kanye quartet string, futhi igama lakhe kuyisiqalo mncintiswano yonyaka, amelela abaqambi kanye bopiyano.