Arafura Sea lapho? Incazelo, izici

Kulesi sihloko, ungafunda omunye kwezilwandle ezinonileyo-Indian Ocean, elaba cishe ingxenye yesithathu kulo lonke nezilwane ocean nezimila ekhaya. Kuyinto yezwekazi ulwandle abekelwe emaceleni olwandle.

Lapha ungathola ulwazi mayelana liyini Arafura Sea, ayekuyo. Kodwa kuqala kunazo zonke kafushane ukwethula Sea Ocean.

Indian Ocean ulwandle: incazelo emfushane

Ngaphambi sihlolisise Sea Arafura, sibheke ezimbalwa zezilwandle.

1), enyakatho olwandle Sea Andaman, iphahlwe ngasempumalanga inhlonhlo ye-Indochina, nasentshonalanga - the Andaman Islands, naseningizimu - esiqhingini saseSumatra. 605000 sq. km - endaweni nge ukujula avareji - 1043 m, futhi endaweni ejulile - ngezithuba 4507 m.

2) I-Sea Arabian Itholakala zone enyakatho olwandle phakathi 2 peninsulas: ezwekazini laseNdiya kanye Arabhiya. Area - abayizigidi ezingu 3.8 sq. amakhilomitha, ukujula avareji - 2734 m, futhi esiphezulu - 4652 amamitha.

3) oLwandle Olubomvu welula kanye emikhawulweni waseGibhithe, ogwini Sudan, Israyeli, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Djibouti futhi Yemen. endaweni yayo - ayizinkulungwane 450 square metres. amakhilomitha, 437 amamitha - ukujula avareji. Lena kolwandle okunosawoti kakhulu emhlabeni.

4) onqenqemeni kolwandle, elise phakathi coast (eningizimu-ntshonalanga), yezwekazi laseNdiya, futhi iziqhingi Maldives Laccadive kuyinto Laccadive Sea, nge endaweni - ayizinkulungwane 786 square metres. amakhilomitha, ukujula avareji - 1929 m.

5) yoLwandle Timor ehlukanisa e-Leste esuka e-Australia. ayizinkulungwane 432 square metres. amakhilomitha endaweni yayo, i ukujula avareji - 435 m.

Arafura Sea: incazelo

Akukhona sijule kakhulu phezu kumanani esilinganiso kolwandle (186 metres) ehlukanisa Australia kusukela New Guinea. Area - 1 million amakhilomitha square, kanye nokujula esikhulu kunazo 3680 amamitha.

Qamba Sea yakho etholakele yomdabu esizweni zendawo ukuthi uhlala le Moluccas. Lokhu "al wagon", okuhunyushwa kusuka lwesigodi lendawo ngokuthi "zasehlathini".

Isici ezikhanga kakhulu oLwandle Arafura - kusobala namanzi ahlanzekile. Wayekanye lokhu echibini yemvelo owakhiwe umhlaba omncane, abanalo izimbobo ezinkulu akukho yezimayini. Kule ndaba, emvelweni ulwandle akakabi yimuphi izinsongo.

Kutholwe phakathi iziqhingi ngisho Tanimbar futhi Kai (Arafura Sea e-Indonesia, awashe ogwini iziqhingi eziningana), kufana ngezindlela eziningi Sea Timor. Lokhu kungenxa ukufana sezulu kanye endaweni sogu lolwandle.

Sea Ezemfundo, impumuzo

Ulwandle ngokulinganiswa ayemncane. Yasungulwa ngenxa ukwanda kolwandle global. Ngalesi indawo kwaba kanye izwe, ekuhlanganiseni New Guinea nase-Australia. Kule ndaba, oLwandle Arafura kuyinto ayijulile neze. enyakatho-ntshonalanga okuyingxenye kuphela has a umshushuluzo encane kumuntu ka 3680 amamitha ukujula.

Arafura Sea kumephu libonisa ngokucacile ukuthi ogwini kungokuhluke sihlehliswe. Leli chweba enkulu, etholakala emanzini eseningizimu zone - Carpentaria. Empumalanga ngu Pacific Ocean ixhunywe kolwandle ayijulile, kodwa ububanzi strait - Torressovym. Engxenyeni esenyakatho ye besebunzimeni ezijulile ukuxhumanisa ulwandle Banda Seram (olwandle).

incazelo imingcele

Ingxenye yolwandle Arafura is izungezwe ulwandle Coral (zaseTorres Strait), nge Seram Sea Banda imingcele ohlangothini enyakatho ntshonalanga, ulwandle Timor entshonalanga. Umngcele oseningizimu ogwini olusenyakatho lwalesi Australia, inyakatho - esiqhingini New Guinea, nalokho West - Islands Timur Selatan. Ubude obuphelele kolwandle - 1 290 km ububanzi - 560 km.

Sea kuzoni subequatorial, igcwele ezihlukahlukene enkulu iziqhingi nezixhobo zamakhorali. Lapha, nemvelo idale izimo ekahle yokuphila eminingi engokwemvelo ophilayo, ngenxa emanzini angajulile. Lesi sici futhi imbangela neziphepho kanye izivunguvungu. Isimo sezulu kulezi zindawo uhlobo: Izimvula eside ukunikeza indlela ukuze ome ngezinye izikhathi.

Kukhona iziqhingi oLwandle Arafura: Kolepom, iGroote Eylandt, amancane ngosayizi archipelagos Aru futhi Wellesley. Ugu, igcwele izimila tropical, ikakhulukazi flat. coast izimbuku kukhona eNew Guinea. Lapha umuntu angathola izilwane esiyingqayizivele kunazo.

nentaba phansi

Iningi Sea Arafura itholakala endaweni eshalofini yezwekazi ukuthi inegama elifanayo kanye negama ke (ibhange olubanzi engajulile okuthiwa Krummel ngo-1897). Ubiza eshalofini esisempumalanga North-Australia (noma Sahul eshalofini). eshalofini Arafura kusukela arc elingaphandle Banda Islands ahlukaniswe sasivumela ezijulile-esigodini (3650 metres) Aru, okuyinto cishe kuyafana isiqondiso oshiwo ngenhla kwe-arc zeziqhingi.

Ngo ukucindezeleka Aru phansi flat kanti emaphethelweni kunalokho emaweni, futhi luphela eweni yalesi siqhingi entsha. Guinea. Tapers ngaseningizimu-ntshonalanga, lapho ukujula futhi yehlise (ububanzi mayelana 40 km 1600 amamitha ukujula yayo). Khona-ke ikhulisa bese ihamba ku Timor-Gap. Ekujuleni ngaphezu kwamaminithi 3000 metres Aru ihlanganisa indawo ka 11.000 metres square. km.

Impumuzo engavamile phansi kolwandle has Arafura. ulwandle Asemphethweni lihlukile kwangaphakathi, futhi kakhulu. Iningi Arafura eshalofini ukujula zokhahlamba kusuka amamitha 50 kuya ku-80. Ezindaweni ezijulile zitholakala emaphethelweni, lapho amamitha 600 ukujula kuyinto ngempela emaweni Umqansa coral. Kutholwe esiqhingini kwezilwandle Aru futhi 5 iziqhingi ezinkudlwana leqembu kuthiwa bahlukana ezinzima ewumngcingo, ukujula zazo mkhulu kunezinhliziyo imvelo. Iya kancane kwendawo kanye Merauke (ububanzi) kusuka iziqhingi Aru welula eliseNingizimu yeMpumalanga New Guinea oluseningizimu ye maqondana Cape York (Peninsula).

Inani kolwandle

Arafura Sea lizungezwe emazweni ezigqagqene, ngokuqondene okuyinto amanzi awo zicacile futhi ahlanzekile kuze kube manje. Nokho zokuzala yakhe enkulu engaba edonsela abadobi, ngoba kukhona izimo esihle bedoba, ngoba ekubambeni izimbaza (njengama-oyster). Ngakho-ke, namuhla isiba inkinga esiphuthumayo ukudoba engalawuliwe. Ulwandle ngokwalo ezingcoliswe ikakhulukazi ngoba ku usebe lwawo Awunawo nezimbobo elibaluleke kakhulu, futhi ugijime ngokusebenzisa amanzi ngendlela nje kolwandle e Manila, Singapore futhi yafunda eHong Kong.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, oLwandle Arafura akuyona kakhulu izivakashi. A ethandwa lapha ikakhulukazi kwamanzi ukudoba, diving kanye nezinye ezemidlalo amanzi. Ngakho, ezikhangayo esemqoka tibheke emanzini olwandle. Nokho, ku-Australian ingqalasizinda coast izivakashi has ezingeni ngokwanele okusezingeni eliphezulu.

Ekuphetheni zomhlaba ngaphansi kwamanzi

Phansi echibini embozwe isihlabathi yemvelo futhi kwezinye izindawo - lime kodaka. ezindaweni ezijulile amelwa ubumba abomvu. Cishe kuyo yonke eshalofini, kukhona izindunduma zesihlabathi eziningi, amabhange nezixhobo zamakhorali.

Izwe kwamanzi futhi ezifanayo emhlabeni yoLwandle Timor futhi has izimila efanayo (ulwelwe kanye kwamakhorali). Njengoba amanzi olwandle anosawoti omningi kakhulu, kukhona phytoplankton ezimbalwa futhi fitovodorosli. Kodwa Arafura Sea namanje inala mollusk echinoderms, ezinamagobolondo futhi nezinye izinto eziphilayo benthic. Sekukonke kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-300 nezinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezingu. Kukhona izilwane eziyingozi: ezinye kwamakhorali, ingwane blue-ringed, jellyfish, njll Kukhona futhi oshaka, Barracuda futhi Stingray ..