Agumenti Literary: inkinga ubuqhawe

Adume Imbongi yaseMelika futhi umbhali Eleanor Merry Sarton, ukuba izigidi zazi ngalo abafundi njengoba Meyi Sarton mazwi avame ukucashunwa eyakhe: "Cabanga ngilichawe - futhi ngeke behave fana umuntu ohloniphekile."

Kuningi okuye kwabhalwa mayelana indima ubuqhawe ezimpilweni zabantu. Lokhu ubuhle, okuyinto has eziningi omqondofana: isibindi, anamandla, isibindi, amandla okuziphatha kubonakala ukwesekwa yayo. lobudoda kuyivumela ukulandela real, isevisi uqobo njengezitha zezwe lokhokho, abantu, esintwini. Iyini inkinga ubuqhawe kweqiniso? Izimpikiswano zingasebenzisa ezahlukene. Kodwa into eyinhloko kuzo: ubuqhawe kweqiniso akayona impumputhe. izibonelo abahlukahlukene ubuqhawe is hhayi nje ekunqobeni kwezimo ezithile. Bonke babe ngento eyodwa - ukuletha ezimpilweni zabantu nomuzwa ngombono.

Abaningi izincwadi elikhanyayo classical, kokubili Russian angaphandle, efuna nokuthola Ukusabalala ukuvela lomkhuba anamandla icala yayo elikhanyayo futhi eyingqayizivele. Inkinga ubuqhawe, ngenhlanhla ngathi, abafundi, amakhosi esikhanyayo ka esikhanyayo ipeni, non-eziwubala. Zenani elikhulu emisebenzini yazo ukuthi zabuna babebacwilisa umfundi emhlabeni engaphakathi iqhawe, izenzo bayahlonishwa izigidi zabantu zakhe eziphakeme. Isihloko lesi sihloko ubukeze zabuna, okuyinto wazilandela ngokunembile indlela ekhethekile udaba ubuqhawe nesibindi.

Heroes - abasizungezile

Namuhla, isimo sengqondo ezimfushane ngeshwa obusa lo mqondo angahleliwe ubuqhawe. abantu Modern nekhanda lakhe egxilile izinkinga zabo ezweni yabo encane zobugovu kancane. Ngakho-ke, i-unembeza wabo ngokuyisisekelo agumenti ezibalulekile fresh nokuyize empikiswaneni ubuqhawe. Believe me, sizungezwe namaqhawe. Sisanda awuboni kubo ngenxa yokuthi imiphefumulo yethu zimfushane obona ngokucacile. Hhayi amadoda kuphela enze imigilingwane. Thatha sihlolisise - owesifazane, ngo isinqumo odokotela, asikwazanga abelethe isimiso - abelethe. Ubuqhawe singenzeka nokubonisa abaphila manje ngesikhathi eliseceleni kombhede, esigcawini sokubonisana, emsebenzini ngisho kwesitofu ngekhwitjhini. Udinga nje ufunde indlela ukukubona.

isithombe Literary kaNkulunkulu, njengoKristu ngemfoloko Tuning. Pasternak futhi Bulgakov

Umhlatshelo ihlukanisa ubuqhawe kweqiniso. Abaningi zabuna brilliant etemibhalo bazame ukuthonya abafundi babo izinkolelo, ephakamisela ibha ukuze uqonde okushiwo ubuqhawe njengoba eliphezulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Ziyakwazi amabutho zokudala olongahle ukuwudlulisela abafundi izimiso eliphakeme e okunothando kwakhe ubuqhawe kaNkulunkulu, ndodana yomuntu.

Boris Leonidovich Pasternak "Doctor Zhivago", asebenze okuhle kakhulu esizukulwaneni sakhe, ubhala mayelana anamandla njengoba isibonakaliso ophakeme lwesintu. Ngekusho kwembhali wencwadzi, hhayi ubudlova, futhi ngo-izimfanelo ezinhle inkinga evulekile ubuqhawe kweqiniso. I-agumenti wenza umlomo wakhe umalume protagonist, NN Vedenyapina. Yena okholwa ukuthi isilo ithule kulowo nalowo kithi, bengakwazanga ukumisa hosny ngesiswebhu. Kodwa lokhu iphoqa umshumayeli, izisulu ngokwabo.

A classic kwezincwadi isiRashiya, indodana uprofesa wolwazi lwezenkolo, UMikhail Bulgakov sika inoveli "Master noMargarita" Lisinikeza incazelo yakhe yasekuqaleni etemibhalo yesithombe kukaMesiya - UJesu Ha-. ntshumayelo Good, okuyinto uJesu weza abantu - ibhizinisi yingozi. Izwi leqiniso, unembeza, kuphambene izisekelo zomphakathi, kubabangele ukufa for khuluma kubo. Ngisho umbusi waseJudiya, uPontiyu Pilatu, ngubani akazange anqikaze, kungase basisize likaMarku Ratslayer sizungezwe amaJalimane, ngesaba ukunitshela iqiniso (kulesi simo, lapho ngasese uyavuma nemibono Ha-.) I mesiya ukuthula ngesibindi kulandela ikusasa lakhe, futhi ebona ujenene ongumRoma trots. agumenti Bulgakov sika iyakholweka. Inkinga ubuqhawe nguye eduze ahlobene ebunyeni organic nemibono, yalelozwe, ngezwi nangesenzo.

Izimpikiswano Genrika Senkevicha

Isithombe likaJesu e nokubingelela sesibindi ephakama inoveli Genrika Senkevicha sika "Esikhona Vadis." Bright kuyinto Polish etemibhalo shades zakudala ukwakha sendzaba eyingqayizivele inoveli yakhe edumile.

Apostol Petr ngisho nangemva uJesu ayebethelwe wayivusa, wafika eRoma, kulandela ukuthi wawuyini umsebenzi wakhe: ukudweba Lomuzi Waphakade ebuKristwini. Nokho, kuyinto isihambi ukucasha, okumenza efika, ofakazi entry lokunqoba kwe-uNero. UPetru washaqeka yokukhulekela umbusi wamaRoma. Akazi ukuthi ungathola kanjani lesi simanga agumenti. Inkinga ubuqhawe, isibindi, indoda, ideologically abaphikisa umashiqela ovuthayo, eziqala uPetru ukwesaba ukuthi ngeke bakwazi ukugcwalisa umsebenzi. Walahlekelwa ukholo yena ubalekela leli Lomuzi Waphakade. Nokho, washiya phansi izindonga zomuzi, umphostoli wabona uJesu esinjengomuntu, eza ukumhlangabeza. Emangazwe yilokho akubona, uPetru wabuza uMesiya, lapho kufanele: "Esikhona Vadis?" UJesu waphendula ngokuthi njengoba uPetru ashiye abantu bakhe, khona-ke ingenye - ukuba abethelwe esiphambanweni futhi. Okwamanje, isevisi ngokuqinisekile kusho isibindi. Shocked, uPetru ibuyisela eRoma ...

Isihloko isibindi "Impi Nokuthula"

zibona Rich ku okushiwo ubuqhawe kwezincwadi Russian classical. Lev Nikolaevich UTolstoy e inoveli yakhe ebonga amaqhawe "Impi Nokuthula" kwaphakamisa imibuzo zefilosofi. Ukubona Prince Andrew, ohamba kule ndlela we iqhawe, umlobi ukubeka amaphuzu akhe ethize. Inkinga ubuqhawe nesibindi kabuhlungu reinvented futhi buyashintsha ezingqondweni isikhulu abasha Bolkonsky. Iphupho lakhe bobusha - ukwenza feat - ukuqaphela yalutho futhi ukuqonda okushiwo impi. Iba yiqhawe, hhayi ukuba avele - ngakho ukushintsha ukuphila eziza kuqala Prince Andrew ngemva kwepi ye-Shengrabenom.

Abasebenzi isikhulu Bolkonski uyaqonda ukuthi iqhawe sangempela sale mpi wamabutho ibhethri, uCaptain Tushino. Thobekile, alahleka khona abaphathi. Into yokuhlekwa usulu wabeluleki. Ibhethri incane futhi mncane induna nondescript akazange flinch phambi French esinganqobeki, umonakalo kubo futhi yasiza amabutho eyinhloko ukubaleka ihlelwe. Tushin isinyathelo emzweni odlulayo, ukuze - ukumboza ezingemuva ibutho - akasamukelanga. Ukuqonda okushiwo impi - lawa kwakungamadodana amaphuzu akhe. Inkinga ubuqhawe uchazwe kabusha Prince Bolkonsky, evele eshintsha umsebenzi wakhe futhi ngosizo M. I. Kutuzova baba induna ibutho. Empini ye Borodino, wavusa ibutho kulokhu kuhlasela, is kabi. Russian isikhulu umzimba banner uyibona ngahambisa izincwajana kuso sonke emkhakheni Borodino , Napoleon Bonaparte. Ukusabela kombusi French - nenhlonipho: "Yeka ukufa enhle!" Nokho, ngenxa yalesi senzo ubuqhawe Bolkonski kuvumelana ulwazi oluthuthukayo lomhlaba yobuqotho, ububele ukubaluleka.

Harper Lee "Ukuze Kill a Mockingbird"

Ukuqonda isimo ubuqhawe futhi kuyisici esihlupha eziningi imisebenzi zabuna American. Le noveli "Ukuze Kill a Mockingbird" okufundiswa ezikoleni zonke kancane baseMelika. Iqukethe i-agumenti yokuqala mayelana nohlobo isibindi. Lo mbono umsindo emlonyeni ummeli Atticus, indoda udumo, ukuthatha okuhle, kodwa hhayi ibhizinisi inzuzo. Amazwi akhe asekelwe ngokuba ubuqhawe udaba ufunde kanje: isibindi - lena uma uthatha ukusebenza, nakuba ayazi ukuthi ulahlekelwe. Noma kunjalo, ukuthatha uhambe kuze kube sekupheleni. Futhi ngezinye izikhathi asakwazi uwine.

Isithombe se-Melanie ngu Margaret Mitchell

inoveli Margaret eMitchells mayelana American South kwekhulu XIX ngokwakha isithombe eyingqayizivele ethambile nenhle, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo nesibindi lady abanesibindi Melanie. Ukholelwa ukuthi bonke abantu babe okuthile okuhle, futhi ukulungele ukubasiza. Indlu yakhe abampofu lungisa sesaziwe e-Atlanta sibonga cordiality zezimpi. Esikhathini nezikhathi eziyingozi kakhulu ekuphileni kwakhe, Scarlett uthola kusuka Melanie usizo olunjalo, okungakwazi tihlolwe.

ubuqhawe Hemingway sika

Futhi-ke, asikwazi indiva indaba zakudala Hemingway esithi "Nendoda Endala noLwandle" Sitshela mayelana nohlobo isibindi futhi ubuqhawe. Fight abadala-Cuban Santiago ne inhlanzi enkulu sifana mfanekiso. agumenti olungokomfanekiso udaba ubuqhawe, setha Hemingway. Sea iyafana ukuphila, futhi le ndoda endala Santiago - phezu kwabantu. Lo mbhali uthi amagama babé leitmotif ubuqhawe kweqiniso: "Umuntu ayidalwanga ahlupheke ukuhlulwa. Singabulala, kodwa ukunqoba - akukho "!

Strugatsky abazalwane "Picnic yomgwaqo"

Tale yethula abafundi bayo ukuba bafunde isimo phantasmagoric. Ngokusobala, ngemva kokufika njengabafokazi kwakhiwa indawo ezingasadingeki emhlabeni. Stalkers kukhona "inhliziyo" kulendawo, anezakhi esiyingqayizivele. Umuntu efika endaweni, uthola okunye ezinzima: noma afe noma indawo uyazigcwalisa bakhe zonke izifiso. Strugatsky masterfully ubonisa kwemvelo umphefumulo iqhawe, oye wanquma kule feat. Ekholisayo ebonisa catharsis yakhe. Stalkers akukho zobugovu Mercantile, acabanga ngokuya humanity, Ngakho-ke, kudinga indawo ye "kujabula", kodwa-ke, ukuthi awuzange bancishwa kubo. Uyini umbono we Strugatsky, inkinga ubuqhawe? Izimpikiswano ezincwadini ukuphakamisa - alinalutho ngaphandle uzwela futhi esintwini.

Boris Polevoy "Indaba Indoda Yangempela"

Emlandweni wabantu Russian kwaba nesikhathi lapho ubuqhawe isibe kuqhakanjiswe ngempela. Izinkulungwane zamasosha ziye immortalized amagama abo. isihloko Ephakeme Hero zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa waklonyeliswa amadoda ayizinkulungwane eziyishumi nanye. Kulokhu, abantu 104 ziye ukhishwa kubo kabili. Futhi abantu abathathu - kathathu. Waba umuntu wokuqala ukwamukela lokhu ezinegunya baba umshayeli umpetha Aleksandr Ivanovich Pokryshkin. Kuphela ngosuku olulodwa - 12.04.1943 r - wacibishela phansi abahlaseli izindiza eziyisikhombisa undlovukayiphikiswa!

Yiqiniso, ungakhohlwa ukuletha izizukulwane entsha izibonelo ezinjalo ubuqhawe - efana ubugebengu. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe isibonelo Soviet izincwadi "Ezempi" - lawa emaphuzwini ukuhlolwa. nobuqhawe inkinga abafundi zikhanyiswa izibonelo ukwanda yasendle Boris Mihaila Sholohova, uBoris Vasileva.

Impi umlobeli we iphephandaba "Pravda" Boris Polevoy washaqeka indaba umshayeli 580 th Fighter Regiment Mareseva Alekseya. Ebusika 1942, yena wadutshulwa phansi phezu esibhakabhakeni of esifundeni Novgorod. Walimala emlenzeni izinsuku umshayeli 18 ukufinyelela ukucaca yabo. Wasinda, ngikutholile izinyawo zakhe kodwa "badla" esibhibhayo. Kulandele ukunqunywa. Kuleso sibhedlela lapho walala Alexey emva kokuhlinzwa, wayebuye abe umfundisi zezombusazwe Sergey Vorobev. Wakwazi okhela Maresiev iphupho - ukubuyela izibhakabhaka njengoba umshayeli fighter. Through the ubuhlungu, Alex lofundziwe nje ukuhamba ku lezi zitho, kodwa futhi ukudansa. I Apotheosis kwendaba kuyinto emoyeni kwempi yokuqala, olwenziwa umshayeli ngemuva kwengozi.

"Umaluju" ebhodini wezokwelapha. Phakathi nempi yangempela Aleksey Maresev wadubula phansi 11 isitha izindiza, futhi iningi labo - eziyisikhombisa - emva kokuba kwabonayo.

abalobi Soviet ekholisayo wembula inkinga ubuqhawe. Izimpikiswano ezincwadini kusikisela - nezigigaba uzibophezele amadoda hhayi kuphela kodwa nabantu besifazane, ebizwa ukuba azokhonza futhi. Tale Borisa Vasileva "The Dawn Lapha Ingabe epholile" kuyinto athusayo e idrama yayo. Ngo ezingemuva Soviet lawela a amaNazi iqembu bangamavukela-mbuso enkulu, ababebalelwa abantu 16. Heroically Kushone intombazanyana (Rita Osyanin, zhenya Komelkova, Lisa Brichkina, Sonia Gurevich, Galya Chetvertak) ukukhonza 171 ujantshi okuhlangana iphansi kwesandla sika-uSergeant Fedota Vaskovo. Nokho, bedla 11 amaFascist. Asele amahlanu induna abathola gumbi. Omunye bashonile kwathi ezine Captivate. Ngaphezu kwalokho eletha iziboshwa yayo, niphele amandla kusuka ukukhathala.

"I Ukudalelwa yomuntu"

Le ndaba Mihaila Aleksandrovicha Sholohova liqala ukusitshela ngo-yangaphambili iRed Army - umshayeli Andrei Sokolov. Vele bekhombisa kwembula inkinga kumlobi isibindi futhi ubuqhawe. Izimpikiswano uthinte umphefumulo umfundi isikhathi eside akazange kudingeke afune. Cishe yonke imikhaya iMpi Yezwe II yaletha usizi. Andrei Sokolov yayichichima: ngo-1942 wabulala nomkakhe Irina namadodakazi amabili (ibhomu hit indlu). INdodana ngasinda ngokuyisimangaliso emva kwale nhlekelele, isisebenzi sokuzithandela waya ngaphambili. Andrew yena wayelwile, elathunjwa ngamaNazi, uJosefa wabaleka waphuma kuye. Nokho, kulindeleke le nhlekelele entsha: ngo-1945, 9 Meyi, sniper wabulala indodana.

Andrew yena, ukulahlekelwa wonke umkhaya wakhe, wathola amandla ukuqala impilo entsha "kusukela ekuqaleni". Yena bamukela umfana ehlangeni Vanya, ekubeni usingayise kuye. Lokhu feat zokuziphatha futhi sigcwalisa ukuphila kwakhe kube nenjongo.

isiphetho

Lawa ama-agumenti inkinga ubuqhawe ku ezincwadini zobuciko. I last ngempela angakwazi ukusekela umuntu ukuvusa kwakhe isibindi. Nakuba akusiyo ukumsiza ngokwezimali, kodwa yakha ngokupheleleyo khona emphefumulweni wakhe emngceleni, lapho okubi ayikwazi ukuwela. Wabhala izincwadi mayelana Remarque e "Arc de Triomphe". Izimpikiswano ubuqhawe ku nezincwadi zakudala unendima ayakufanelekela.

Ubuqhawe kungabuye umelwe abaningi abanawo uhlobo "self-ukulondolozwa", ukuphila umuntu hhayi kuphela, futhi zonke izikhathi zemiphakathi. Ingxenye umphakathi, "ingqamuzana" ehlukile - indoda (izenzo uzibophezele naidostoyneyshie), uyaqaphela eliqhutshwa sokukhathalela nengokomoya, zizinikele, ukulondoloza ngaphezulu. Izincwadi zakudala - lamathuluzi esisiza abantu ukuba baqonde futhi siqonde ubunjalo nonlinear sesibindi.