Afrika ezindawo uhlela Kilimanjaro intabamlilo

Kilimanjaro intabamlilo, okuyinto mayelana izixhumanisi ezindawo babaziwa ll ekhulwini isazi BC ngesiGreki uKlawudiyu uPtolemy, iyintaba ephakeme kunazo zonke e-Afrika, ifinyelela ukuphakama 5895 amamitha ngaphezu kolwandle. Nokho, kusukela phansi stratovolcano ukuze ukuphakama kwalo kuwukwenza 4900 amamitha. Lokhu umehluko izilinganiso ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi ntaba iqhele ku ithafa amaMasai, esemgwaqweni endaweni engamamitha 900 amamitha ngaphezu kolwandle.

Umhlangano wokuqala nge baseYurophu

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi le ntaba-mlilo wayaziwa bendawo izinkulungwane eziningi zeminyaka edlule, kusale isigxivizo ku amasiko endawo ngesimo zinganekwane mayelana kuqhuma yayo, abaMhlophe bokuqala wathola Kilimanjaro e 1848. Njengoba ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngaleso sikhathi, i-European lokuqala kufanele nisuse phakathi nezwe, waba umshumayeli futhi umfundisi Johannes Rebman.

Yiqiniso, kwatholakala abalulekile ezifana ayikwazanga abayiqapheli bamazwe ahlukahlukene namaphayona. Vertex yabakhanga ezihlukahlukene abantu futhi kwabangela boom isithakazelo izintaba. Emqansweni lokuqala entabeni obenziwe eyishumi nantathu emva ukutholakala yayo. Ngo-1861, uSamuweli TEKEL wayeka ngezithuba 2500 amamitha. Ngemva kwalokho, ukubala TEKEL wenza ukugibela ezine ngaphezulu, kodwa ungalokothi rose ngenhla ezingeni 5200 amamitha.

Intaba-mlilo Kilimanjaro izixhumanisi ezindawo

Ukuphakama leSonto intaba-mlilo 5.895 metres ngaphezu kolwandle. Kufanele kukhunjulwe lokho, ekhuluma ngayo yonke intabamlilo Kilimanjaro kusikisela ukuba khona vertices bakhe abathathu, ngamunye kuwo nakho-mlilo, unegama futhi itholakala ezingeni ukuphakama lihluke kunamanye amabili.

Shiro - omunye wabo. Itholakala endaweni engamamitha 3810 amamitha ngaphezu kolwandle futhi ngezinyawo flat yasethafeni endaweni amahektha eziyisithupha. Ososayensi bathi ezikhathini zangaphambili ukuphakama kwaba nokunye okuningi, kodwa ngenxa nje ukuqhuma kwentaba-okunamandla vertex zigoqiwe nje.

Ukuze sithole izixhumanisi ezindawo ka Kilimanjaro intabamlilo Kulula, it is degrees ezimbalwa kuphela eseningizimu yenkabazwe. Indawo esiqondile intabamlilo ezivamile ebizwa ngokuthi izinkomba ezilandelayo: 3 ° 4'33.17 "latitude eningizimu futhi 37 ° 21'12.15" W.

Isiqongo yesibili ibizwa ngokuthi Mawenzi futhi kuba ohlangothini olusempumalanga sentaba, lafinyelela ukuphakama 5334 amamitha. Lokhu isiqongo ayivumelaniswa eliphezulu kakhulu, kubhekwa enye yezinto ezinzima kakhulu, ngoba ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma iphelile isigubhukane, ukwakha lonke uhlelo yamadwala, ezihosheni nezindonga emaweni.

Kubhekwe intaba ephakeme kunazo zonke ye Kibo, okuyinto uyashiywa Mawenzi isiqongo sentaba okusezingeni eliphezulu ithafa. Ibizwa ngokuthi isihlalo futhi ikhanga kungekho izivakashi abangaphansi kuka-iziqongo Kilimanjaro. Kibo yilona ukuphakama 5895 amamitha, kodwa akuyona into ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ukuthi angaletha abahambi mlilo. wentaba Its esime lo mgodi, okungukuthi ithafa enkulu sizungezwe emithambekeni mnene ukuthi kwavela ngenxa ngokuwa izindonga mlilo.

Imvelo ezungeze

Ukuxhumanisa ezindawo ka Kilimanjaro intabamlilo abonisa ukuthi ntaba iqhele endaweni evumayo sezulu, Ngakho-ke, ku-amagquma ayo futhi ngezinye unyawo lwayo ungathola flora zahlukahlukene kakhulu ezilwaneni nasezimileni. Le ntaba-mlilo Itholakala Ezweni laseMpumalanga Afrika e Tanzania, ku komngcele weKenya.

Elaliphansi kwamagquma Kilimanjaro ezikhulayo ubhontshisi, ummbila, ubhekilanga nokolweni. Emithambekeni emahlathini lasendulo zikhule, bangazihluphi indawo ayizinkulungwane eziningana amakhilomitha square.

Yiqiniso, nge ushintsho engamamitha siyashintsha nezimila. Ngokwesibonelo, ngo-emithambekeni ezomile entshonalanga ungathola nezixhobo zeminqumo kanye zokhuni, futhi ngezinye eziphakeme - utshani futhi ulele.

Hydrology yokwakheka komhlaba

Ngokwemvelo, ezifana enkulu Ukhahlamba futhi kufanele babe izici zayo siqu kwetinhlavu izinkomba kwamanzi. Isici esiyinhloko kwetinhlavu emfuleni amanzi ayegeleza esuka izinguzunga zeqhwa of Kilimanjaro zingezakhe.

ubufakazi Geological kusikisela ukuthi sonke isikhathi ukhona, entabeni isidlulile izigaba ezintathu uqweqwe lukashukela, ngasinye sazo elahlekile, litholakala icecap.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izixhumanisi intabamlilo Kilimanjaro isho yokuntuleka iqhwa, ukuphakama kwayo ngaphezu kolwandle ivumela ice egcinwe eziqongweni isikhathi eside, ngakho ngisho nezikhathi zasehlobo ka iziqongo embozwe yiqhwa.

Kuyinto kulezi izinguzunga zeqhwa angasuselwa Imifula eminingi nemifudlana ezivumela abalimi abahlala phansi ezintabeni ukuze banisele amasimu abo.