Adenovirus (adenovirus) - kuyini? Indlela esiphatha ngayo adenovirus?

Kukhona izifo eziningi ezingabanga izifo ezihlukahlukene abantu. Phakathi kwabo endaweni ekhethekile kuhlala adenovirus. Hlobo luni silwanyana, okuyinto izitho ithinta, kanjani ukulwa naso? Abantu abaningi baye bezwa ejenti causative ezinjalo.

Adenovirus - onjani umzimba?

Lesifo kungokwalabo umndeni ka mastadenoviruses adenovirus ubudala. Okwamanje, kunezinhlobo amane serotypes. Njengengxenye ngamunye igciwane iqukethe molecule ye-DNA ukuthi ubhekwa isici esasenza nabanye abameleli zokuphefumula.

Sekutholakele ukuthi adenoviruses - a silwanyana ukuma eyindilinga nge ububanzi 70-90 NM. Anakho inhlangano elula.

Amagciwane aqalwa behlukene amalaka futhi adenoids ingane egulayo ngo-1953. Ngemva kwalokho, lapho smear microscopy in iziguli sibi zokuphefumula igciwane lohlobo futhi wathola adenovirus. Kuyini lokhu ukutheleleka ongaqondakali? Kodwa-ke kutholakala khona, futhi in iziguli izimpawu pneumonia atypical ukuthuthukiswa conjunctivitis.

Indlela idluliselwa

Elinegciwane lwegciwane viral kungenzeka sisemoyeni futhi fecal ngayiphi indlela, nge umuntu izinto ogulayo, ukudla, amanzi emanzini evulekile noma amachibi okubhukuda. Adenovirus - amagciwane oluhamba like umuntu nge izimpawu ekhona, futhi igciwane yenethiwekhi, akanayo izimpawu zokugula.

Lesifo linamandla nokushintsha kwendawo ezungezile, lingabulewe emoyeni futhi emanzini iqhubeka isikhathi eside ku-ukuthaka imithi ngendlela esetshenziselwa ukwelashwa zamehlo.

Indawo ye Isingeniso igciwane kukhona nolwelwesi lwamafinyila we izinhlelo zokuphefumula futhi wokugaya ukudla, i-conjunctiva. Engena phakathi amaseli EPITHELIAL kanye lymph node, uqala ukwanda. Kuyinto ukuthuthukiswa CPE kanye kumiswa inclusions intranuclear. Amaseli abathintekayo ubhubhe, kanye igciwane ayahamba phansi egazini, zokuthelela nezinye izitho.

Phakathi serotypes ezithile adenoviral ihlangabezane abameleli oncogenic, okubangela kumiswa izimila abulalayo ezilwaneni.

Ngenxa adenovirus ukutheleleka EPITHELIAL izicubu ngezinga elincane umsebenzi isithiyo, esehlisa mzimba ukusabela begazi emzimbeni futhi kungabangela ukuthuthukiswa concomitant nolokubhujiswa virus. Akukona nethonya pathogenic ezilwaneni.

Ukuvikeleka kabusha ukutheleleka

Ngokuvamile iziguli alulame ukutheleleka ngegciwane adenovirus, wazakhela amasosha omzimba enamandla, kodwa kuphela serotype adenovirus ethize. Kusho ukuthini? It kuvela ukuthi ngesikhathi oxhumana letitako igciwane ethize akuzona abagulayo.

Ekuzalweni kwakhe, umntwana ozuza amasosha omzimba yokwenziwa, okuyinto ubalekela futhi ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha.

Izinhlobonhlobo izifo adenoviral

Kube zenzo ziwukubonakaliswa kokubili okungahleliwe futhi Igagasi adenoviruses, avame ethimbeni zezingane. Lesifo libhekene ezihlukahlukene ukubonakaliswa, njengoba igciwane kuthinta umgudu wokuphefumula, lwamafinyila ulwelwesi, amehlo, amathumbu, kwesinye.

imiphumela ehlukene ku adenoviruses womuntu. izifo Ukwahlukanisa zihlanganisa:

• sibi zokuphefumula igciwane lohlobo lihambisana imfiva (ukushisa komzimba eba ebuntwaneni);
• sibi zokuphefumula igciwane lohlobo lapho isikhulile;
• inyumoniya viral;
• acute angina adenoviral (kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sasehlobo emva kokwelashwa amanzi);
• imfiva pharyngoconjunctival;
• conjunctivitis plonchaty;
• mesadenitis;
• acute conjunctivitis follicular;
• omdala ubhubhane keratoconjunctivitis;
• ukutheleleka emathunjini (enteritis, uhudo viral, Gastroenteritis).

Isikhathi kwesikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni kusukela ezinsukwini ezintathu kuya eziyisishiyagalolunye.

nokudlanga izifo

Phakathi zonke izifo eqoshiwe umgudu wokuphefumula at ucezu ukunqotshwa adenoviral ebangela phakathi 2 kuya 5%. Kakhulu adalula izinsana nezingane.

Kusukela 5 kuya ku-10% we nature yegciwane akhawunti isifo adenovirus. Yini ingabe lokho kuwubufakazi bokuthi? Okokuqala, la maqiniso ezifakazela nokusakazwa kwayo kabanzi, ikakhulukazi ebuntwaneni (75%). Kulaba, 40% kwenzeka ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-5, futhi amaphesenti asele zabiwa abaneminyaka ephakathi kwengu-5 nengu-14.

izifo Adenoviral yohlamvu zokuphefumula

Ukuqala isifo imfiva kuze kufinyelele 39 ° C, ikhanda kanye ukucobeka jikelele. On izingane ehlukile esebenza adenovirus, izimpawu zibonakala kancane kancane ezinganeni, basuke libhekene ukucobeka, ukuntuleka esesuthi, ongaphakeme-ebangeni nezinga lokushisa komzimba.

Fever luthatha izinsuku engaze ibe yishumi. lokushisa umzimba kungase ke iwe, bese uphinda uvela, izimpawu ezintsha elotshiwe ngalesi sikhathi.

Kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zesifo kukhona ukuminyana acinene. Ngakusasa lapho ayinala osenyameni lwamafinyila noma mucopurulent, ephelezelwa isifuba esomile zenzeka njalo.

Iqala ukulimaza emphinjeni wakhe ngenxa ububomvu emphinjeni, amalaka futhi yayinamakhothamo, ukwanda zokugcina ngosayizi.

Izimpawu umgudu ukuvuvukala

Leli fomu yilona ezivamile, it libhekene ukuvuvukala e yomoya. Izifo eziyinhloko zihlanganisa laryngitis, rhinopharyngitis, tracheitis, ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula ngokulinganisela ukudakwa jikelele.

Izimpawu umkhuhlane pharyngoconjunctival

nomthelela omubi emphinjeni ine adenovirus. Izimpawu yilezi ngenxa ukwanda izinga lokushisa ukuphendula amasonto amabili nezimpawu pharyngitis. Ngokuvamile kukhona umphimbo obuhlungu futhi nesifiso sokufuna ngezikhathi ezithile ukukhwehlela, ukutheleleka akayi phesheya ipheshana zokuphefumula.

Izimpawu conjunctivitis plonchatogo

Iningi uhlushwa abadala nezingane izingane zabo. Lesi sifo sibangelwa conjunctivitis sohlangothi olulodwa noma obuhle ekwakhekeni kwefilimu mucosa leso aphansi. Kukhona ukuvuvukala ngokuphawulekayo futhi ububomvu zezicubu ezizungezile iso, ubuhlungu, kukhuphuke embhedeni semithambo ku conjunctiva nomkhuhlane. Kulesi isifo umgudu wokuphefumula kungekho KWAMAGUNDANE ukutheleleka adenoviral.

izimpawu tonsillopharyngitis

Lesi sifo eba izingane zasenkulisa yobudala. Isici nobuntu tonsillopharyngitis izinguquko ukuvuvukala kule ndwangu obumba pharynx futhi amalaka. Adenovirus, isithombe ehlinzekwe ngezansi, imbangela angina.

Izinhlobonhlobo amafomu emathunjini

Ukubonakaliswa adenovirus ukutheleleka esiswini lihlotshaniswa ekuthuthukiseni a ngokulinganisela sohudo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye Gastroenteritis. Igciwane kubangela isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, uhudo, abangenalo ukungcola, ukukhuphuka okuncane nje kwamazinga okushisa umzimba. Ngaphezu iziyaluyalu emathunjini ukutheleleka kungenzeka umgudu wokuphefumula, isibonelo, rhinopharyngitis noma laryngotracheitis.

adenitis mesenteric

Olunye uhlobo lesi sifo, lapho kukhona ubuhlungu besisu nomkhuhlane. Kungenzeka concomitant kwegciwane okudinga ukwelashwa imithi elwa nawo.

Indlela yokubona agent causative

Kukhona izindlela ezithile ngawo adenoviruses bazimisele. Microbiology isebenzisa njengoba ukudedelwa test indle impahla kusukela amavesi acinene, nomphimbo, iso conjunctiva. Ukuze ukusungula inoculation lwegciwane isetshenziswa, okuyinto kwenziwe isiko kwamaseli womuntu EPITHELIAL.

Imiphumela yaloku kuhlola okungenhla laboratory usebenzisa immunofluorescence microscopy ukubona antigen ku adenoviruses. Microbiology arsenal yayo has eziningana amasu ukuthi kungacacisa ukuthi lokhu ukutheleleka. Lezi zihlanganisa Izindlela:

• RAC - serodiagnosis izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane ngenxa umphelelisi-omzimba ukuphendula IgG futhi Igm.
• HAI - Haemagglutination ukuphendula kubhekwa inqubo unyathela amabhuleki for ukuhlonza izifo noma masosha omzimba plasma lesiguli. Indlela isebenza by abacindezela antigen viral kusukela mzimba serum amasosha omzimba ngemva kwalokho walahlekelwa ikhono amagciwane ukuze agglutinate amaseli erythrocytic.
• RN-indlela kusekelwe ukunciphisa imiphumela cytopathic igciwane ngenxa ukuxhumana kanye AT ethize.

Ukuthola antigen viral kungaba esebenzisa uphethwe okusheshayo. Ngokuvamile leli gama lihlanganisa cwaningo:

• Immunoassay ukuhlaziywa noma ELISA - laboratory indlela ukuzimisela immunological ngezici qualitative noma ambalwa igciwane, esekelwe yokusabela ethize phakathi antigen futhi i omzimba;
• immunofluorescence ukuphendula, noma Rif, okuvumela ukuthola amasosha adenovirus ukutheleleka (uma le ndlela isetshenziswa smear, udayi prestained);
• Ukuhlaziywa radioimmunoassay, RIA noma kwenza ukulinganisa iyiphi lokuhlushwa igciwane oketshezini.

Kanjani ukuze alwe namagciwane

Ngemva kokumiswa i ukusazi ngokunembile isifo esikuphethe phambi Udokotela kuyinto umbuzo sendlela yokuphatha abanye adenovirus. Kukholakala ukuthi izidakamizwa ethize okwamanje zikhona.

Kuye ngezinga kungenziwa ekhaya ekwelashweni udokotela wakho lesi sifo noma esibhedlela. Awudingi esibhedlela imnene amafomu lolingene ukutheleleka, kwaba uneventful. Ukugula okukhulu noma yezinkinga kufanele baphathwe esibhedlela ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela.

Ukuze unqobe ukwelashwa adenovirus amafomu omnene kuyehla kube embhedeni ukuphumula. Ngezinye lokushisa komzimba ngenhla 38 ° C-paracetamol iqondiswa at umthamo 0.2 kuya 0.4 g 2 noma izikhathi 3 ngosuku, okuhambelana 10 noma 15 mg ngayinye 1 kg esisindo ngosuku. Ngu ukutheleleka adenoviral akazange athathe acetylsalicylic acid.

Kuye uhlobo lesi sifo ukwelashwa lingaze antitussive, ama-ejenti expectorant umphilise "Stoptussinom" "glaucine," "Glauventom" "Mukaltin".

I deoxyribonuclease ephefumula aerosol ukusetshenziswa. Ziyakwazi izikhathi 2 noma 3 ngosuku imizuzu engu-15. Rhinitis safaka ekhethekile ekhaleni amathonsi.

Ukukhuthaza amasosha omzimba usebenzisa Vitamin izakhiwo ngokuqukethwe saziso ascorbic acid, tocopherol, rutin, thiamine kanye riboflavin.

Uma amehlo wamshaya ukwelashwa adenovirus wenziwa amaconsi deoxyribonuclease enzyme isixazululo 0.1- noma 0.2% njalo emahoreni 2 phezu amathonsi 3. Udokotela angase akunikeze imithi yokwelapha ngezihloko ezihlukene conjunctivitis glucocorticoid yokugcoba, interferon amalungiselelo, iso yokugcoba nge elwa namagciwane noma oxoline tebrofenom.

Ukuvikelwa ezifweni

Ukuze uvimbele adenovirus ukutheleleka ukunciphisa izinga lokuhlasela kwesifo sibi zokuphefumula igciwane lohlobo usebenzisa lokugoma ne yokugoma bukhoma, ezifaka phakathi attenuated amaseli viral serotype oqavile.

Evame ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ne adenovirus uhlobo 4 noma 7 ukuze bazivikele ukugaya emathunjini capsule ekhethekile camera.

Zikhona nezinye imithi yakho yokugoma a amafomu bukhoma futhi inactivated, kepha ukusetshenziswa ngenxa yomsebenzi oncogenic we adenoviruses.