Ababili-unhlangothi injini. Umgomo we operation

Namuhla, kukhona okuncane ukumangala noma ubani kule okusungulile njengoba i yangaphakathi omlilo engine. Izigidi kumadivayisi ezahlukene basebenzisa ekusebenzeni kwabo. Ibe kokusungulwa lolu hlobo ekhulwini le-19, kodwa kwabangelwa isidingo ukudala indlela yesimanje futhi ephumelelayo, okungase ukushayela idivayisi lobuchwepheshe. Ekuqaleni, kwadingeka amaphutha amaningi kanye nekusebenta uphansi impela. Ngenxa yalokho, uye washintsha ezihlukahlukene, liye ngcono futhi manje sinethuba ukusebenzisa lolu icebo. Ikakhulukazi isetshenziswa ekwakheni isithuthuthu.

Ababili-unhlangothi injini, kanye, kanye nanoma yimiphi eminye injini - inhliziyo ubuchwepheshe. Kungakhathaliseki uhlobo, umsebenzi wayo ophambili nosemqoka - ukuqinisekisa izindlela ukunyakaza ixhunyiwe nalokho. Cishe wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi kubukeka kanjani futhi kuphi ukusetha, kodwa usebenza, abaqondi konke. Manje zama ukuqonda lo mbuzo.

I izinjini izithuthuthu yesimanje benezingane eziningi umehluko, futhi yibo eziyinhloko:

• Indlela komjikelezo yokusebenza

Kukhona izinjini amane kanye ezimbili-unhlangothi. Laba libhekene amandla amaningi cishe izikhathi ezimbili esilinganayo kanye umfuziselo four cylinder. Kodwa lokhu inzuzo ubhekwa ngokungenasizathu kakhulu. Okokuqala, abe nekghono iphansana. Ngakho-ke, bajwayele ezindaweni lapho isisindo ukukhanya, ubungako kanye nezindleko-ukusebenza umbuzo asihlobene e petrol. Lokhu kwenza okunjalo lokubolekwa ekahle ukuze isetshenziswe izithuthuthu, ukukhanya motor izikebhe, trimmers, yokusaha, njll

• Ukupholisa indlela

Injini kungenzeka emoyeni noma uketshezi selehlile. Uma kucatshangelwa ubukhulu elincane injini ezimbili-unhlangothi kaningi uyonikezwa emoyeni selehlile. Ngo kudivayisi yakhe ihloselwe ukunciphisa isisindo sayo.

• ivolumu

yenqwaba inikeza inala amandla.

motors ezine ezidumile, ukonga, elikhiqizayo, kodwa izithuthuthu ezivame ukusetshenziswa kuyinto ezimbili-unhlangothi izinjini. Le ntandokazi kungenxa ngokuyinhloko motor design inkimbinkimbi, isisindo sayo ongaphakeme, ongaphakeme petrol. Iphuzu negative ihlobene yokuthi ukugcwaliswa enganele ingxube ezivuthayo. Lokhu ehilelekile lihlotshaniswa abampofu yokuhlanza isilinda kule ngxube qeda gas.

Isimiso ezisebenza of injini ezimbili-unhlangothi esekelwe emfushane yokusebenza umjikelezo, okuyinto eyenzeka ngesikhathi Ukujikeleza eyodwa crankshaft.

Phakathi ukunyakaza phezulu kusuka phansi isikhungo efile (BDC) phezulu maphakathi efile (TDC), i-piston kudala cleaner, iqinisekisa supply kuya crankcase ingxube uphethiloli emoyeni. Kuleli qophelo embhalweni uphethiloli combustor inikezwa yi ukugxisha (ingxube). Ngokulandelayo, phezulu maphakathi efile futhi izibani zokusebenza ingxube ikhulisa kanye piston ihamba phansi BDC.

Modern ezimbili-unhlangothi injini akuyona okuningi ezahlukene kusukela ezazingaphambi kwayo, ngokuqondene nale supply wesifunda fresh fuel ukuxubana nezimayini okukhipha elivela cishe ngokulinganayo amayunithi idatha.

Manje ukucabangela isinyathelo ongasithatha - umphini injini nge "ipuleti" uhlobo.

Phakathi ukuhamba piston behlele crankcase ingcindezi inyuka, okuyinto enomthelela sokuvalwa valve poppet. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-piston inikeza kuvulwa qeda emachwebeni, futhi wachitha ingxube ukusebenza ngendlela amagesi qeda agelezela umamukeli. Isinyathelo esilandelayo we piston towards BDC kuyinto kokutholakala behlwaya izimbobo, okuvela kulo icala fresh inhlanganisela ezivuthayo. Ababili-unhlangothi injini iyaqhubeka nomsebenzi wayo. Umjikelezo iyaphindwa ukunikeza traffic isithuthuthu.

Isimiso ezisebenza enenjini ezimbili-unhlangothi kuqinisekisa ukuxhashazwa isikhathi eside isithuthuthu, njengoba uhlelo ilula futhi ayiqukethe imininingwane eminingi. Kuyinto ukumelana izici eziningi (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ziphansi fuel izinga noma uwoyela), futhi unamandla ngokwanele ukuba sibhekane ngokuphumelelayo yemfanelo yayo.