Zhozefina Beyker: kwekhanda, isiketi, izigqoko imfashini, isithombe

Umculi odumile nomlingisikazi Zhozefina Beyker lanyakazisa izilaleli hhayi nje ngamanani yayo embi, kodwa futhi umuzwa kumnandi of isitayela. Yasimbamba mkhuba, ukunambitheka ezehlukile nokudansa, nezambatho okuyingcosana.

wakhula kanzima

Born Zhozefina Beyker, nee Macdonald Julayi 3, 1906 ngo-St Louis. Unina kwaba abamnyama umdansi Kerri Makdonald noyise - umshayi wesigubhu Eddie Carson, nakuba imininingwane letsite ngaye kukhona olungalungile. Izithandani beshadile: ngonyaka ngemuva ukubonakala indodakazi kubaba kuze kube phakade wanyamalala ezimpilweni zabo. Kodwa umoya bohemian ukuthi kwaba isici abazali, kuze kube sekugcineni igazi uJosephine abasha.

yekhabo ayevelele iqiniso lokuthi abathutha wahlala lapha abavela emazweni ehlukene, wawuhlanganyela amasiko abo kwezamasiko, kwakheka ukuxubana eliyingqayizivele futhi iphile. Lokhu umdanso idolobha kwakhiwa inkanyezi esizayo. Lapho eseneminyaka emihlanu, unina washada, futhi usingayise wakhe bamukela izingane Carrie - njengoba uJosephine uvele uyise olusemthethweni.

Ngo-July 1917 ngo-St Louis, kwakukhona East ukuvukela elaphela ekuhlatshweni mass abaNsundu, lapho kwabulawa khona abantu abangaphezu kuka-400 besale. Lo mcimbi kwashaqisa ntombazanyana: a lifetime ngeke ugcine nenzondo ukuhluka kohlanga ngeke ngolaka alwe ukungalingani kanye nokucindezelwa labantu ngokusekelwe ohlangeni. Kusukela ebuntwaneni uJosephine walithanda ukudansa, ukuba neminyaka engu-13 wasazi zonke nemidanso ukuthi kwakwenziwa edolobheni wakhe exubile.

Ukukhulela nokudansa

Eminyakeni 13, unina unika uJosephine washada kuhle abadala Villi Uellsa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo yena kwenza izinyathelo zokuqala esiteji enkulu, it ovunyelwe ukukhombisa amakamelo ambalwa yaseshashalazini "buker Vashington." I dance kwaba indlela yakhe yokuphila, yena wathi kamuva ukuthi wasina noma nini lapho kwaba mnandi, edabukile futhi ngisho nokucasuka. Dance - kungcono indlela yakhe yokukhuluma.

Eminyakeni 16, uJosephine Waqala inkambo yakhe professional wokudansa, ngokujoyina inkampani of Philadelphia "Standard Theatre". Kamuva wathuthela ethiyetha Mecca of America - New York, lapho ayiphethe ukuze uthole e amabutho de ballet ku farce ethandwa naye waya semi yonyaka US uhambo.

Waba neminyaka emithathu sele idlulile: i umdansi uthethe ingxenye kumaphrojekthi eziningana, ukusebenza kwakhe ngo-nightclub waphawula ejenti, ngubani sezempi ukuba inkampani yakwa-La Revue Negre. Ngo-October 1925, uJosephine aseqala ne revue at the stage of Paris Theatre -Élysées. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, indlela yakhe empumelelweni.

Impumelelo lokuqala

Udlale uJosephine French kuqala wabona Charleston, futhi sekuyinto ngabo wangempela ukushaqeka isiko. impumelelo umbukiso sika bekungaphezu kokuvamile: omnyama umdansi komculo angavamile futhi okungajwayelekile, indoda zezwe ngalinye kubhekwe kuyisibopho sakhe ukubona umdanso wakhe. Revue kunabaculi kwenzeka ngo Brussels nase-Berlin, futhi Baker yonke indawo Mademoiselle walinda impumelelo Amazing tinged nge ehlazweni.

baxgeki zenkolo unenhlonipho eyedlulele ukugxekana wakhe kwezithombe nokuziphatha okubi, kodwa kwezakhi eziphambili wathatha "yimpumelelo enkulu". Ngokwesibonelo, nudists German sengikubambile ke njengoba samuntu inkululeko futhi wayefuna ukwenza ilungu zokuhlonipha umphakathi, kodwa uJosephine Nginqabile. izingubo wakhe eziyengayo, noma kunalokho ukungabi sekuyaphela wabo, kukhona isizathu ukuthi umbukiso, ngemva imiboniso eziningi, avinjwe babuka e Vienna, Budapest, eMunich ePrague.

Conquest of Europe

Ngo-1926, Zhozefina Beyker baba actress revue yemidlalo waseParis labangela ukuqala komkhakha Folies Bergere. It has inkanyezi eyinhloko umbukiso, okuyinto edonsela isixuku bohemian. Isibindi abadansi ephuma esiteji cishe nqunu, zikhanga izethameli ukuthi ngaphambi kokuba lokhu kwambulwa hhayi zibonakala ngisho nakubantu cabaret waseParis labangela ukuqala komkhakha.

Sekuvele enkulu ngempela Zhozefina Beyker: isiketi eyenziwe ubhanana kwashaqisa abantu ababeza ukusebenza kwakhe. Isidumbu sakhe enqunu, ukubukeka ezingavamile nangemidanso imigodi zokubhukuda - konke lokhu kwakumelwe ukunambitha Paris ukuthi lizwakalise abanezimo zengqondo avant-garde. Umlingisikazi uyamukela ngomusa Bohemians isiFulentshi, izimbongi ukunikezela izinkondlo kuye, Okugweda sculpt busts abesifazane, abaculi ukubhala ekumeni kwakhe. Ukuhlela ukwakheka Adolf Loos ekudizayinele endlini yakhe yonke, Le Korbyuze ephefumulelwe umdanso wakhe villa kudala "Savoy", Gertrude Stein ezahlukweni ezinkondlweni eziningana e temibhalo yephrozi. Josephine umngane Picasso, Hemingway, Fitzgerald, Matisse.

Ngo-1927, uqala ukuvela movie, kuza uchungechunge amafilimu eyayithi inkanyezi, "Dance Wild", "Folies Bergere", "Siren zasezindaweni ezishisayo", "Zu-zu". Phakathi nale nkathi, wayengumhlali actress ikhokhwe esiphezulu cinema-European. Bonke bamangazwa umxhwele umdansi ewubuciko, kodwa ekupheleni namathathu banesifo esibi yenkazimulo yalo kancane kudamba, futhi umbukiso Ziegfeld Follies alindele ukwehluleka, kodwa hhayi isiko abesifazane wayemelwe ukuhlupheka isikhathi eside noma siyeke phansi. Ngo-1937, Zhozefina Beyker wathola yisakhamuzi French futhi umthetho waqala cabangela leli lizwe ekhaya yabo yesibili.

Ukuphila isitayela jazz

Josephine wakhula enkathini okwandisa ukuthandwa jazz, yena ifaniswe uhlamvu wakhe lokhu umculo. Wayengumngane ethakazelisayo, uthambekela ayengayilungiselelanga kanye Improvisation. umdanso wakhe ehlanganisa izindawo eziningana ngisho singcono kakhulu kwabaningi babo, ezifana hip-hop ne-breakdance.

Esikhathini 20s Josefina iqala ukucula, futhi kancane kancane kuba umsebenzi wakhe oyinhloko. Njengoba udumo lwakhe wokudansa lancipha, yena wakhuleka njalo ukucula. Kusukela ngasekupheleni kwawo-30-yalolucwaningo ka Zhozefina Beyker - jazz umculi. It iyaduma kakhulu, edume kakhulu izingoma zakhe: J'ai Deux amours, Pretty Little Baby, Aux Iles hawai - aphume amapuleti nezinkulungwane eziningi amakhophi.

Iminyaka yempi

Zhozefina Beyker, ogama izithombe luhlobise amaphosta eminingi, bonke ukuphila kwaba nga ardent bangi yanoma yimuphi omunye umhlobo webandlululo, ikakhulukazi zobuhlanga. Lapho Impi YeZwe II iqala, yena abe nomuzwa wokuthi kuyisibopho sakhe sokulwela izwe lakhe elisha. Lona wesifazane wangena ebuthweni sokuzithandela "Mahhala France" futhi wavumela phezulu ukuthi uMongameli yomfowabo kaCharles de Gaulle usizo.

Yamukelwa kahle kumbuthano bosomaqhinga futhi, usebenzisa wakhe izintelezi isifazane, kalula bayengelwa izimfihlo lempi. Kamuva ethola iziqu izifundo abashayeli wavuka phakathi nempi isikhundla sokuba umkhuzi wesibili wesifazane e isigaba asizayo. Liphinde isekela Imali kanye nezokuxhumana ukumelana French. Ukuze nezigigaba lakhe lempi uJosephine waklonyeliswa Order of iButho Ukuhlonipha, "Croix de impi" ngendondo "Ukumelana" futhi "Ukuze wenkululeko."

ukuphila okunokuthula

Ngemva kwempi, Zhozefina Beyker ubuyela umculo ukusebenza. Iqala uchungechunge kokuhamba kwakhe endaweni yesehlakalo, futhi ukubuya wokunqoba. Useke wahambela emhlabeni uzama ukubhekana imisebenzi ehlukahlukene emphakathini. inkululeko yakhe amazwi eMelika kwaholela yokuthi waba nesithakazelo FBI futhi lilandela kungashiwongo ukuthi ukuphela kokuphila.

Ngisho ngesikhathi nenkathi yokudlondlobala kwawo Zhozefina Beyker wathenga enqabeni "Le Miland» xv kwekhulu futhi waqaphela khona imibono yayo wobulungisa. Wayesiza ehlupheka, wanikeza umhlali edolobhaneni eliseduze izipho ngoKhisimusi. abantu Nokubonga phakathi nempi bakwazi ukusindisa enqabeni ekubhujisweni. Ngemva kokuphela izimpi uJosephine ukuhlela khona nendawo uhambo oluya endaweni ngamazwe, eqaphela iphrojekthi "Rainbow Tribe." ifomu yakhe emzabalazweni kokulingana ngohlanga ukutholwa kwezingane 12 bezizwe ezihlukahlukene nezinhlanga.

isitayela esiyingqayizivele

Josephine akasenzanga dancer ezidumile umculi, uye wathola enomlando wokuba trendsetter. Ngakho, banqamula Zhozefiny Beyker ku 20s waba yisibonelo the waseParis labangela ukuqala komkhakha, ngubani, abazama ukulingisa wakhe, okwalapha agundwe izinwele zabo.

Owesifazane wakhulela ubumpofu ngakhoke zonke ekuphileni walithanda enhle igqoka, izigqoko nezinto zokuhloba. izingubo wakhe kusukela abaklami abadumile kungaba nomona iyiphi inkanyezi movie. Uma kwakukhona Owesifazane othile eParis, okubangela wabubula wokwenama ngasinye ukubukeka kwayo, okufana kwaba Zhozefina Beyker. Isitayela umculi kubange wholesale cap ngokumthanda. Ngo ikhabethe lakhe kwakukhona amakhulu nezigqoko kusukela imikhiqizo exotic kusukela zimpaphe amabhandeshi e nomshuqulo.

Futhi, enomuzi omningi ubucwebe, kuba ikakhulukazi uyakuthanda amapharele, okuyinto wabheka ngokuphelele isikhumba omnyama. abalungisa izinwele eziphezulu, ezifana Mnumzane Antoine, ngiphuphe iklayenti abadumile, njengabo Zhozefina Beyker, ogama kwekhanda ayimkhangi. Wafika up ne umdansi a emasakeni ekhethekile, owawusedolobheni ngesikhathi umdanso. Kungenxa 20s kwaphawula ukuqala fashion izinwele bushelelezi nge wave.

ukuphila Siqu

Zhozefina Beyker waphila ukuphila eziyaluzelayo. Kwakuthinta ngokusemthethweni izikhathi eziyisihlanu washada, futhi yena udumo lenqwaba amanoveli nge kokubili amadoda nabesifazane. umshado wakhe wokugcina Jo Bullaun, County Galway eyathatha isikhathi eside, kodwa nanye ingane zokutholwa uye ukhathele ukubekezela kwakhe. Ngemva amacala ezehlukaniso Baker wahamba yonke sibi kakhulu, futhi ngo-1969 kuba ukuphuma ezikweletini ithengiswe enqabeni. Yena futhi kwadingeka ukuthi ahambe enkundleni. Ngo-1975, inikeza kudlalwé umbukiso "uJosephine", okuyinto samlahlekiselani umzamo omkhulu. 4 emva kwesizini, walishiya emhlabeni.