Yini ukubona e uVladimir? UVladimir: yini ukubona izingane zakho? Vladimir - Izikhangibavakashi

Esivelele we yezandla abantu Russian lasendulo, amasiko alo kanye inkolo lingumuzi uVladimir. Likuphi endaweni enjalo ephawulekayo ezweni lethu? UVladimir uhlu imizi Golden Ring of Russia. Itholakala eziyikhulu namashumi ayisishiyagalombili futhi ukusuka eMoscow, loMfula i-Klyazma.

indaba

Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala komnikazi Russian lasendulo, esisogwini emfuleni Klyazma, wathola emibhalweni yaminyaka yonke 990, Kodwa umlando edolobheni laseVladimir uvela 1108 Ngalesi sikhathi, Prince uVladimir Monomakh inqaba lakhiwa. Izinqaba kanye ogama lakhe behlonipha yakhe.

Indawo Fortress kulezi zindawo likhethwe akwenzekanga ngephutha. Kusukela enyakatho ukuvikela Swan River naseningizimu - amabhange emaweni we Klyazma. Kusukela empumalanga nasentshonalanga indlela enqabeni akazange avumele imihosha ejulile.

Umlando edolobheni laseVladimir, futhi kuhlangene Prince Yuriem Dolgorukim (indlalifa Monomakh). On oda lakhe 1157 emboniselweni wakha igceke entsha, elakhiwa esontweni Georgiya Pobedonostsa. Ngemva kwalokho, omuzi aqala ekukhuleni kwayo ngokushesha.

Prince Andrew Bogolyubsky (indodana Yuriya Dolgorukogo) uVladimir Kiev esikhundleni baba inhloko-dolobha yaseRussia. Kule nkathi omuzi aqala isakhiwo grand, elakhiwa ngesikhathi okuvimbezela entsha enezindonga sokhuni esangweni travel, kanye enwetshiwe iringi ukuzivikela.

Wafika 1238 at uVladimir wawashaya AmaTatar. Bona ezazihlupha washisa edolobheni. Ukuze ubukhulu yayo yangaphambili avuke wayengasaboni. izakhiwo Labhujiswa kabusha kancane kakhulu.

Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-13. yasuka Kiev uVladimir yokuhlala echithiwe Russian Metropolitans isinqumo. Okwesikhathi esithile, idolobha elaba isikhungo izifunda esenyakatho ye-mpumalanga yeRussia, lapho isingatha engqungqutheleni wezikhulu futhi lwenziwe zonke-Russian indaba lwaleli.

Ekhulwini le-14. umbhishobhi kanye isihlalo sobukhosi esikhulu kwesikhulu Vladimir washukumiseleka ukuba eMoscow. Umuzi waba abavamile, kusale yena izinkumbulo ngobukhulu esidlule, futhi kabusha ngilahlekile.

Phakathi namakhulu eminyaka angu 14-17. abayekanga ukuhlaselwa nokuseshwa uVladimir, ukubamba inkunzi, imililo. Yingakho ekhulwini le-17. Kwakuthinta efakwe ukwakhiwa emikhulu kwezakhiwo itshe. Kakade ngawo-1668 e uVladimir, eyakhelwe angaba ngamakhulu amane izindlu, uhlalwe abantu ayisishiyagalolunye namashumi ayisishiyagalolunye.

Ngo 1796, isimo emzini ishintshile. Waba maphakathi esifundazweni uVladimir. Futhi lapha futhi ukuqhubeka ukwakhiwa. Phakathi nale nkathi, elakhiwa ngo-Vladimir isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi ka kweNyuka Cathedral, indlu zombusi, ophilayo Igumbi chungechunge, Noble Assembly, kanye nezinye izakhiwo. Ngo-1861, idolobha yethulwa ujantshi.

Vladimir namuhla

Umuzi isikhungo lesifunda. He kubhekwa lalisemzileni oya ezimayini abadumile Golden Ring of Russia. Inani elikhulu ku uVladimir ezikhangayo okwenziwe edolobheni kukhanga izivakashi. I ekhethekile amaphethini umhlobiso kukhona izakhiwo ezindala. Umuzi kuze kube walondoloza izikhumbuzo.

Nokho, naphezu kwalokhu, ukuthuthukiswa uVladimir uyaqhubeka namuhla. In the isikhungo lesifunda kukhona izakhiwo zesimanje.

Izivakashi uphiwa ezihlukahlukene eziyisikhumbuzo esibonisa esikhumbuzo yezakhiwo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungakwazi ukuthenga lacquer emincanyana, imihlobiso itshe, scarves, amathawula, njll

Lokho izivakashi angabona uVladimir?

City, oqala ngokuthi uhambo Golden Ring of Russia, budonsa izivakashi eziningi izikhumbuzo lasendulo. Yini ukubona e uVladimir? Edolobhaneni kukhona eziningi kubalulekile umlando izakhiwo isiRashiya, amasayithi kanye izikhumbuzo. Omunye ezikhangayo zako ezisemqoka ezisetshenzisiwe kweSango Golden. Zazakhiwe ngemiyalo yezikhulu Prince Andreya Bogolyubskogo emuva 1164. Badlala indima le hhayi kuphela ukulondeka nesivikelo izindawo. Ayefaka uhlamvu lokunqoba. Ukumboza esangweni yasetshenziswa amashidi zethusi lapho ayegcwele injabulo ilanga. Yingakho igama lalowo lesi sakhiwo. Ngeshwa, esangweni ukubona izivakashi behluleka owaqalwa. Sola lunga kuphangwa eziningi yezitha nemililo. Contemporary ungakwazi ukujabulela kuphela eyodwa lapho okuyinhloko wasebenza ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19.

Kodwa noma yiziphi ukubona e uVladimir? Umuzi ine a inqwaba izikhumbuzo esiyingqayizivele yezakhiwo eyaqala emakhulwini eminyaka. Lokhu umbhoshongo amanzi endlini Stoletovs, lesikhumbuzo, okwakubekelwa badunyiswe wokugubha 850th Vladimir, nabanye. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kule ndawo kule Rus lasendulo ukuba ubuKristu. Ngakho-ke, umbuzo yini ukubona e uVladimir, ungakwazi nakanjani uthi: "Amathempeli." uhlu wabo zintathu futhi isimo isonto, Uspensky futhi Dmitrievsky amasonto kanye nezinye izikhungo eziningi.

Nokho yiziphi ezikhangayo emzini uVladimir? Yini ukubheka izivakashi? Yiqiniso, kungcono zezindela. Ziyakwazi phakathi zasendulo esidala kakhulu eRussia. Ikakhulukazi Kuyaphawuleka Bogolyubov besilisa zezindela lensikazi Assumption. Ngo kubo ungabona imifanekiso ubudala, kuzo zabhalwa kusukela nanye ekhulwini weshumi nane. Kepha esigodlweni, wavala ngokuphindaphindiwe. Kwake kwaba nesikhathi lapho kwakusetshenziswa njengendlela esibhedlela. Nokho, nineties kwekhulu elidlule, wamonyukela futhi esontweni.

Singakanani isikhathi Kuyothatha isigqoko bonke ezikhangayo emzini uVladimir? Yini ukubona kwasekuqaleni? Ukunakwa zezivakashi, bakhangwa ngokuyinhloko izikhumbuzo. Nokho, ukuhlolwa isidingo sabo ezingaphezu kweyodwa, noma ngisho izinsuku ezimbili. Lokhu akusona isimanga: Ngayinye yalezi ezikhumbuzo kuyinto izivakashi ebamba ziphephile eziningi eziyingqayizivele. Kulabo abathanda art, ithuba ukuvakashela igalari ubuciko, okuyinto inombolo enkulu imisebenzi kakhulu. Kukhona okuningi ukubona e uVladimir nezingane. abancane ngesithakazelo sihlole ziphephile Museum of Nature and Wezingane Museum isikhungo.

Assumption Cathedral

Yini ukubona e uVladimir izivakashi? Labo bakhangwa izakhiwo ERussia yasendulo, kutuswa ukuba uvakashele Cathedral of kweNyuka. Waqala ukwakha ngolwesibili 1158 e uVladimir, ngaleso sikhathi eyayiyinhloko-dolobha yombuso isiRashiya, kwaba isakhiwo ngobukhulu.

Assumption Cathedral isibonelo omangalisayo bokwakha Russian kwekhulu weshumi nambili. esiqongweni sentaba wakhethwa ngoba ukwakhiwa yayo. Yingakho isonto lombhishobhi izivakashi ungabona panorama Vladimir.

ochwepheshe abaningi babehileleke ukwakhiwa kwalesi sikhungo. Kepha akusikho lokho kuphela bakhangwa abaklami ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene Russia, kodwa futhi bakwamanye amazwe.
Umlando kweNyuka Cathedral uyakhumbula umlilo omkhulu, okuyinto eyenzeka ngo-1185 Ngeshwa, isakhiwo bekulimele ukuba kangangokuthi ayisekho yokubuyisela inguqulo yasekuqaleni. Yakha kabusha ithempeli ngemva komlilo iminyaka emine.

Ngo 1238 uVladimir wawashaya AmaTatar. Zibeka umlilo bathutheleka esontweni elikhulu, okuyinto uvikelekile izakhamuzi eziningi umndeni kwesikhulu. Ithempeli wahlupheka umlilo, kepha wasinda.
I iconostasis ka kweNyuka Cathedral kanye Dome yayo 1408 abangu ngesineke ngu Andrei Rublev. Phakathi izinto zigcinwa ethempelini, ungabona izinsalela nemidwebo enziwa ngekhulu le-12. amakhosi engaziwa.

Imililo e kweNyuka Cathedral kwenzeka izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa. Kule ndaba, ekhulwini le-18. ukwakhiwa agugile kakhulu futhi kwadingeka inombolo enkulu yokulimala. ukulungiswa kwenziwe kamuva ushintshe ukubukeka yokuqala isakhiwo. Khona kanye ukubukeka kwawo yasekuqaleni ibuyiselwe ngenxa ukubuyiselwa iminyaka 1888-1891.

Cathedral of kweNyuka ohlwini esikhumbuzo odumile ukubaluleka sikahulumeni. Futhi manje-ke yilona main yokusebenza uyithempeli likaMoya uVladimir-Suzdal wesifunda. He is on uhlu UNESCO izikhumbuzo.

uDemetrius Cathedral

Amathempeli Vladimir - izakhiwo amahle ezithakazelisayo. Esinye salezo ukuthi sidonse amehlo izivakashi eziningi, yilona Cathedral of St okwashiwo uDemetriyu. It yasungulwa ngo 1194 yokudumisa iqhawe ongcwele Dmitriya Solunskogo. Lena sezakhiwo yasekuqaleni eziningi ezibangelwa ngenkathi Vsevolod Big Jack (indodana Yuriya Dolgorukogo). Cathedral incane, kubukeka nenhle futhi onesizotha. Ngokokuqala ngqá umhlobiso esikhulu sculptural lalisetshenziswa izakhiwo Russian. Kule ndaba, ethempelini ubukeka filigree. imihlobiso yakhe aqoshiwe amatshe.

Maphakathi ngamunye mbumbulu Ingumfanekiso INkosi uSolomoni ezungezwe izitshalo, izinyoni, izilwane kanye griffins. Ukuze namuhla sesonto walondoloza ezinye imidwebo kwekhulu weshumi nambili, kanye izinsalela ingoma enesihloko esithi "The Last Judgment." UDemetrius Temple - isikhumbuzo esithinta federal, efakwe njengendlela UNESCO Site.

Female oNgcwele Assumption Monastery

Iya uVladimir (idolobha)? Yini ukubona kulezo zindawo? Omunye izikhumbuzo ERussia yasendulo oNgcwele Assumption Monastery. It yasungulwa ngo-1200 ngu-Prince Vsevolod III, ngesicelo umkakhe nezibi Maria. Ngemva kwalokho, owesifazane wawathatha lawo umgubuzelo, ethola igama uMarta. Yingakho Isigodlo unegama yesibili - Knyaginin.

Ensimini yaleli lesikhumbuzo yezakhiwo itholakala ethuneni Vladimir umndeni kwesikhulu kanye amakhosazana, kanye shrine - amandla okwenza izimangaliso we-Abrahama Bulgarian.

Church of the intercession phezu Nerl

Ohlwini UNESCO, kungenye isakhiwo Vladimir. Kuyinto Church of the intercession phezu Nerl. Yakhiwa 1165 isakhiwo Kugcizelela ne proportionality yayo obunobunye banganhlanhlatsi ukuphelela fomu. izakhiwo Traditional Vladimir futhi Suzdal isimo liwumhlobiso wawo izindonga ezimhlophe itshe eqoshwe. Iseluleki ukwakha isonto, bakwazi ukwakha umbono weightlessness nensada ukukhanya.

ukwehluka

Ichopho lokuqala kulabo waya kwelinye uVladimir (idolobha): wena kumephu isikhungo lesifunda kufanele kube impoqo.

Idolobha izivakashi nge counterpoint yayo. Ufana crystal, kwesinye isici sesibonakaliso okuyinto - ezikhumbuzo lasendulo, kanye nezinye - edolobheni laseVladimir amapaki, layo iminyuziyamu, imithombo yamanzi, yeshashalazi, izindawo zokudla nezindawo zokudlela ezinhle. Kube ngokuqinisekile uyothola okuthile ukubona wonke umuntu.

Vladimir - idolobha kuphela eRussia, lapho lesikhumbuzo kuyinto ukuzihlanza Museum futhi baba yaga. imikhosi Bright ezithakazelisayo labetibambile lapha. Omunye wabo - lo Vladimir kumnandi umbukiso zomkhosi-like eRio de Janeiro.

City amapaki

Lapho izivakashi nasekhulwini yinto entsha, bafuna ikhefu umsindo befuna, nje uthole umoya opholile bese uthatha uhambo, ngenkathi kokuthatha ngokwesimo. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokuvakashela esinye amapaki eziningi uVladimir.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi edolobheni endaweni yayo incane, kodwa kungaba ozibongayo izikwele nedlanzana namapaki. Ezinye zazo uncamela? It ingaxazululwa kuphela bebodwa. Omunye like uhlobo esivula endaweni yesikhulumi observation, etholakala epaki iqanjwe Pushkin. Enye ithanda izwe epaki, insimu okuyinto hectare angu-amahlanu zikaphayini izinkuni. Isibalo wesithathu efana amabhere epaki ... Labaqalayo.

Ukuhamba emhlabeni idolobha

Izivakashi ungahamba kumgwaqo Omkhulu eMoscow bese emthonjeni sise Okthoba Avenue. Kuleli qophelo, emnyuziyamu zomlando. Kungenzeka ukubheka ziphephile ukuxoxela uVladimir Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo ukuze 1917 sihamba emigwaqweni ezitaladini zalelo dolobha, izivakashi zingathola ukuhamba kuze kube seSangweni Golden ke ekhuphukela emphemeni observation futhi ujabulele i-panorama.

ukuzijabulisa

Izivakashi abeza uVladimir nezingane ungavakashela Dobroselsky epaki. Inama ezikhangayo, kukhona go-karting. Budebuduze kwepaki kukhona isikhungo ukuzijabulisa ifilimu.

UVladimir, ungavakashela eziningi zobuciko yaseshashalazini. Okusanda i ihholo lombukiso wavula maphakathi lesifunda.