Uyini umkhiqizo? Incazelo kanye ngezigaba

Noma ubani owenza utho uqobo noma inkampani uyazi ukuthi umkhiqizo elinjalo. Kodwa abantu kude umkhakha, akuzona njalo definition esicacile. Abafundi salolu shicilelo ngeke nje sithole incazelo kwaleli gama, kodwa izophenya izinhlobo kanye ngezigaba imikhiqizo ngokuvumelana nemingcele ezahlukene.

izincazelo

Ngokwe-zokulawula nohlaka olubhekele evunywe ejensi wombuso ngaphansi GOST 2.101-68 inombolo, ungakwazi ukuthola ukuthi yini umkhiqizo. Lokhu, ngaphezu kwakho konke, isihloko ucezu (ucezu noma umkhiqizo eseqedile) noma iqoqo lezinto ezahlukene akhiqizwa ukwakhiwa efanelekayo umhlangano okwalandela.

Imikhiqizo ezenziwe ukubala amayunithi zokukhiqiza, ngezinye izikhathi - izimo. Isizathu esikhulu salokhu isidingo imigomo ecacile inkomba imibhalo izinkampani (ukukhiqizwa, isitoreji, ukuhlinzeka imikhiqizo isitoreji Lesisemkhatsini) futhi izinkampani wahlanganyela ukuthengisa imikhiqizo.

Ukuze ugweme ukudideka kanye esikhundleni kwelwati, kukhona uhlelo ecacile lapho yonke imikhiqizo zihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezithile, kuye ngokuthi lapho babeya khona, ukumisa kanye nokukhipha izigaba (ukuthuthukiswa, ukuhlolwa, noma ukukhiqizwa kushintshwe).

Kuvele ebalulekile ingxenye umkhiqizo

Ukwenza kube lula ukuba ngiqonde lokho umkhiqizo, kudingeka uqonde ukuthi, lokho siqukethe, lokho oyiyo:

• Umniningwane - lena umkhiqizo ukhiqiza eyodwa kuphela nohlobo impahla, kanye obubodwa, eyodwa-ucezu lento. Ovunyelwe wokucubungula eyengeziwe noma okunye, nokho-ke kufanele kube imikhiqizo kuphela ngcono (chromium enamathela upende, lacquer kanye t. D.), Kodwa hhayi kabusha yayo noma ukuthuthuka. Kulokhu, kuzoba ukubukeka lakhe elisha.
• Lomhlangano iyunithi - lawa izakhi komkhiqizo ezidinga isicelo wezinyathelo ayengasetshenziswa inhlangano kanye nokulungisa wonke. Kodwa eziyinkimbinkimbi - amabili (mhlawumbe) izingxenye eceleni ekhiqizwa komkhiqizo, okuyinto yena, kudingeka ukuxhumana, kodwa inhlangano yabo ayidingi uxhumano usebenzisa imishini ekhethekile. Womshini uhlobo okuhlangene Kuhilela izifundo ezikhethekile ezengeziwe lokugoqa main into ukukhiqizwa. Ngokwesibonelo, kungaba iziqobosho, amathuluzi, iziqukathi noma zokufaka impahla.
• Ngaphansi iqoqo inombolo kusho izinto zakhiwe noma kuhlinzekwa ngu-isethi eyodwa, angasetshenziswa noma eceleni noma ndawonye, umphelelisi nezinye (iqoqo izitsha, iqoqo amabhowudu) ngamunye.

ngezigaba

Kukhona ngempela ngezigaba olunzulu ngohlobo lezinto ukukhiqizwa, ngamunye echaza injongo, kanjani ukwakha futhi ukucacisa komkhiqizo:

1. Imikhiqizo ukukhiqizwa main - izinto ezikhiqizwayo ngesikhathi amabhizinisi umthengi sokugcina, ukuze kuragelwe phambili ne yokuthengisa zabo.
2. Ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo ngenhloso asizayo. Ziyakwazi ezidingekile inhlangano ngokwayo noma ehambisana zezimboni iqembu co.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaqembu umthengi uwedwa eyodwa noma omunye umkhiqizo ehlosiwe. Lena ngezigaba sasivumela ezibanzi okunemibandela kwezinto zokukhiqiza, kodwa kubonisa ezinhle isakhiwo ezidayiswayo:

• Imikhiqizo efanelekayo ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zomnotho kazwelonke - ukuthekelisa, uquqaba ezehlukene zomphakathi, eqhuba umsebenzi kwezomnotho phakathi isimo.
• Izihloko ngezinhloso zezimboni - lapho plant imikhiqizo olungisiwe kulesi sigaba, usebenzela ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kwencazelo ibhizinisi ebangeni ngokuqinile okulinganiselwe kanye nezindinganiso eziqinile.
• Imikhiqizo ukuhlangabezana zabathengi isidingo.
• Izinto, izingxenye noma izakhiwo ezikhiqizwayo futhi zilethwe ngokuvumelana lomumo elivunyiwe ukuze ikhasimende ethile.
• Imikhiqizo izidingo siqu.

Kukhona ukwahlukana inani lamakhophi ekhiqizwa - olulodwa (yesikhathi esisodwa futhi yansukuzonke), serial ekukhiqizweni.

Yiziphi imikhiqizo?

Lapho ukukhiqizwa kokulungisa amaphutha kanye nokusebenza okulandelayo, bocwepheshe kanye netindvuna kudingeka ziyiqaphelisise izinga imikhiqizo yayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, badinga ukuchaza kahle ukuthi umkhiqizo, yini ukubukeka salo esivamile lapho kudingeka benze ukulungisa ukuze ukusebenza kwe-ibhizinisi. ukukhiqizwa izinto ngesikhathi esifanayo sehlukaniswe okwaziyo futhi engaphelele. Okokuqala ekhiqizwa ngokuhambisana zonke izimfuneko ezishiwo ngemibhalo yomsebenzi. Ukuze ufake noma iyiphi into enesici, noma izikhwebu nge iphutha okucacile phakathi namazinga athile.

Okunye lomkhiqizo izimfanelo zihlanganisa:

• ukuphelela, okuyinto lihlelwe ngokulandela imiyalelo kanye amadokhumenti ahambisanayo;
• eseyintsha (ifa noma eziphambili);
• ezingeni ubuchwepheshe.

Ubani silwenza?

Izinhloso eziyinhloko ukukhiqizwa izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezindwangu ezingaba imikhiqizo ngokukhethekile amabhizinisi ayihlomele - izimboni, workshop. Umsebenzi wabo kuyalungiswa futhi sibuyela kwesejwayelekile - ibhizinisi ezingeni umsebenzi onjalo ngokuvamile njalo. Ukusetha i-imigqa emisha, sesimanje ekhona futhi ngokuvamile senziwe schedule, njengoba izinkampani ezinkulu abayamukeli okwenza izinguquko ezinkulu emsebenzini wabo.

Nokho, kukhona izingcweti abazikhiqizayo imikhiqizo ngabanye ngezandla zabo. Ingabe izinto ezingekho impahla ezikhiqizelwa uphoqe, futhi zenziwa oda ngesikhathi imingcele kusengaphambili.

zokuthuthukisa umkhiqizo

Zonke ukukhiqizwa, kungakhathaliseki injongo yako, sihamba izigaba ezithile ukukhiqizwa. I kakhulu sokuqala ukuthuthukiswa. It abathintekayo neminyango ekhethekile zobunjiniyela.

Kodwa design and ukukhiqizwa okwalandela imikhiqizo emgqeni akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kwemvume izinyathelo Lesisemkhatsini ongakhetha. Phakathi umahluko ezibaluleke kakhulu:

• Awokuzenzisa test, kulandele;
• ukudala isakhiwo nokuhlolwa, ncono;
• imikhiqizo ngokufana kulandele Ukuqoqwa nokuhlaziywa kwemiphumela;
• ukudalwa izindinganiso amagama kanye nezici umkhiqizo osuphelile.

imikhiqizo Iphele bangase babe namathuba ezahlukene for ukusebenza okwalandela, kangangokuba kungabikho muntu owake kungenziwa lilungiswe, kuyilapho abanye - cha. Ngokuvamile, lokhu yikona okunquma noma ngabe imodeli into egoqekayo noma okuqinile, okuyinto futhi inikeza kungenzeka emva-sales service.