Uyini backbone Modular design ikhompyutha

Iningi PC lanamuhla akhiwa ngezindlela iphethini letsite, ngokuthi computer izakhiwo - hardware (ngokomzimba) kanye ne-software (zezibalo kanye okunengqondo) amathuluzi avumela wena ehlelweni futhi sifeze imisebenzi efaneleko umsebenzisi. Ikhompyutha izakhiwo kuyinto zangaphandle, futhi ibonisa indlela yokwakheka kanye nokuxhumana kuzo zonke izinhlelo neuropathy, futhi ngaphakathi, lapho itholakala simiso ukusebenza izakhi ephambili we-computer ngokwawo.

Umklamo kusekelwe nekhompyutha ekhona ifakwe Isimiso esiyinhloko-Modular. Imvelo esisebenzayo lesi simiso itholakala lokuthi ukuthi zakha izakhiwo computer, thuthukisa kungenzeka umsebenzisi ngokwakhe, ngokusebenzisa ukusebenzelana futhi commonality izingxenye e-computer yakho. Modularity kulekelelwa backbone, noma njengoba ibizwa - isimiso ukushintshanisa kwe-data ibhasi phakathi amamojuli kanye ISIZINDA ikhompyutha. Lezi zimiso ezimbili yakha esinye isimiso sendalo amakhompyutha zanamuhla - isimiso izakhiwo evulelekile. Ebonakalayo isimiso bokwakha evulekile yaqaphela ngokubheja ohlelweni (uhlelo) kumadivayisi ibhodi ezahlukene: CPU, isiqophi namakhadi umsindo, inkumbulo (RAM kanye ROM). . Futhi, umklamo ibhasi-Modular PC, izisekelo ezicatshangelwayo zazo zavela phakathi nekhulu leminyaka eledlule, John von Neumann kusikisela ukuthi izimiso ezilandelayo ukuxhumana phakathi izingxenye isofthiwe ye-computer:

• ukuphathwa uhlelo, okubandakanya ukubulawa ngokuzenzekelayo imiyalelo processor, futhi ukulandelana ezithile;
• inkumbulo homogeneity ehlanganisa isitoreji nemiyalo nedatha endaweni eyodwa;
• addressability, owawuthi inkumbulo khompyutha wadala njengoba iqoqo amaseli olunezinombolo ifinyelelwe wokugaya.

Okubukwe ibhasi-Modular design ivumela ikhompyutha ukudala imingcele cishe eyingqayizivele ekucushweni kwedivayisi (Yiqiniso, ngaphakathi kwemigomo lobuchwepheshe yezingxenye zayo ingxenye futhi ziyahambisana), kanye nokunikeza indlela eyinhloko ukuthumela idatha phakathi kwalezi izingxenye. Lokhu exchange Kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa raznorazryadnyh amathayi ezintathu (multiconductor imigqa). Uma le ububanzi ibhasi kuncike kancane wokugaya ukujula. Amapholisa athi ibhasi le idatha yakhelwe ukuqinisekisa ukudluliswa kolwazi ngezindlela ezimbili: kusukela processor kwenye idivayisi kwikhompyutha futhi kusukela kudivayisi kuya wokugaya.

ikheli ibhasi inikeza ukufinyelela processor iyunithi kanye iseli inkumbulo kuphela usebenza mode unidirectional - kusukela processor kudivayisi.

ukulawula ibhasi okuhambisa amasignali nemiyalo ezilawula inkambo exchange of ulwazi kanye isikhathi Ukuhwebelana phakathi ezahlukene ISIZINDA ikhompyutha. Emzimbeni kubhekwe design computer ibhasi-Modular lwenteke ngokusebenzisa ibhasi uhlelo, okuyinto Slots zayo zitholakale (nezixhumi) ixhuma ndawonye idivayisi kwikhompyutha. amazinga uhlelo ibhasi njengoba ubuchwepheshe washintsha. Okwamanje, owande kakhulu uhlelo ibhasi kuyinto ibhasi PCI. Amapholisa athi ibhasi le uhlelo namadivayisi ezixhunywe kulo, futhi yakha umgogodla, okuyinto ngawe title yayo design main-Modular computer.

Ngamunye ikhompyutha modules ngokwenyama exhunywe kwi umgogodla usebenzisa abalawuli kanye adapters, ukusebenza kwawo njengoba uhlelo ngokufaka abashayeli ukuthi ukudala izimo for uhlelo lokusebenza ukufinyelela ohlelweni hardware computer futhi emuva.

Isethi ejwayelekile ye-computer anamuhla kuhlanganisa:

• adaptha isiqophi (ukukhonjiswa uxhumano);
• kuma- serial port COM1 futhi COM2 (igundane kanye imodemu);
• port okuhambisanayo (yokuxhuma iphrinta);
• ikhibhodi isilawuli.

Njengoba esikiselwa main-computer module isimiso sokwakha, omunye okuphathelene nomngcele kanye namadivayisi kungenziwa exhunywe kwi-computer ngokufaka adapters ezengeziwe.